Maestría en Psicología Clínica Mención Psicoprevención y Promoción de la Salud Mental

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Adiestramiento en la relajación progresiva para disminuir la ansiedad precompetitiva en deportistas
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-09-01) Céspedes Guachamboza, Danilo AlejandroPsc. Cl.; Larzabal Fernández, Aitor Lcdo. MSc.
Pre-competitive anxiety is established as a factor that can affect an adequate sports performances (Vaca, 2017) generating the need to execute techniques aimed at reducing this pre-competitive anxiety, such as relaxation techniques and, especially, training in progressive relaxation (Parás, et al, 2017). This research project corresponds to a review on the effectiveness of training in progressive relaxation to reduce pre-competitive anxiety in athletes. This research has a quantitative and quasi-experimental design, in which the Revised Competitive Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2R) was applied to 26 athletes from the athletics and chess disciplines, who were between 18 and 19 years old, 30 minutes prior to the competition. Subsequently, 6 training sessions in progressive relaxation (PRA) were executed and finally, a post-test was carried out on the instrument in question. In this way, a statistically significant decrease in the levels of cognitive and somatic anxiety was found in the post-test of the experimental group, while in the control group, both pre-test and post-test did not present a statistically significant difference. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the levels of self-confidence corresponding to the pre-test and post-test of the 2 research groups. Therefore, this technique denotes its effectiveness in reducing cognitive and somatic anxiety in athletes, prior to a competition. Finally, this contribution suggests more research in relation to the use of relaxation techniques in its different modalities in order to compare the effectiveness of the variants on these techniques aimed at reducing precompetitive anxiety.
La eficacia de la aplicación de técnicas vivenciales en la autoestima de cuidadores de pacientes con enfermedad crónica renal
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-09-01) Rivadeneira Cueva, Lady Diana Psc. Cl.; Larzabal Fernández, Aitor Lcdo. MSc.
The present research work is developed with the main objective of determining the effectiveness of the application of experiential techniques in the self-esteem of caregivers of patients with chronic kidney disease who are dialyzed at the Puyo General Hospital. For which a type of quasi-experimental research was applied, in which, with 60 volunteers, they were divided into two groups, a control group, who were not part of the experiential techniques, and the experimental group, who were participants in these workshops, to achieve a comparative analysis. It was developed through direct observation in the workshops and the application of the Coopersmith self-esteem inventory for type C adults, following the pretest and posttest methodology. The results found of the application of experiential techniques in selfesteem were evident since the subjects in the pre-test stage of both groups obtained a score that estimated them with low self-esteem, consequently, the experimental group after 3 weeks of workshops and the application of Experiential techniques obtained high scores on the Coopersmith scale, which classified them with a medium-high and high self-esteem, indicating that experiential techniques have a high impact on increasing the self-esteem of caregivers, these results are corroborated by the T of Wilcoxon which suggests that there is a significant correlation between the increase in self-esteem and the development of experiential therapies, establishing this type of techniques as effective
Estrategias de terapia comunitaria para mejorar la comunicación entre padres e hijos
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-09-01) Vasco Alban, Veronica Paulina; Larzabal Fernández, Aitor Lcdo. MSc.
This research work was done with the main goal that is improving communication among parents and children of the First level of Bachelor "A" of Juan Benigno Vela School of Ambato town. This project was taken into account due to the need for an intervention that would allow parents to improve communication with their children since the COVID-19 pandemic affected family life. The research emphasized on a pre-experimental design with a quantitative approach. Based on that, a sample of 21 parents were selected through non-probabilistic sampling, a pre-test and a post-test were applied with the Family Communication Scale (FCS) which is elaborated by Barnes and Olson, it measures the perception of satisfaction regarding family communication: listening, expression of affection, discussing ideas and mediating conflicts. The effectiveness of the intervention was verified, so the posttest presented favorable results. It was concluded that the intervention reached significant results in parents when they communicate with their children. It emphasizes the benefits that the whole family will have like getting a better level of communication and a healthy family life
Intervención con Mindfulness en niveles de ansiedad y autoconfianza de deportistas
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-09-01) Lafebre Mosquera, Christian Dominick Psc Cl.; Larzabal Fernandez, AitorMsc.
The main objective was to reduce anxiety levels and strengthen self- confidence in athletes with an intervention in Mindfulness, in order to obtain better results in competition and improve their competitive levels. This project was launched due to the need for an intervention that would allow them to improve their performance since championships are constantly being generated in the different parishes of the city, it should be noted that the COVID-19 Pandemic generated a total stoppage in the activities of the athletes, which had an impact on their physical and mental state, being essential to intervene in young athletes. According to research at a global and national level, these research variables are among the main ones that affect sports performance in athletes from different sports branches. The research was carried out with a control group and an intervention group with 26 young athletes aged between 18 and 20 years belonging to neighborhood soccer leagues, an instrument was applied that measured both anxiety levels and self- x v confidence, the applied intervention was specialized for athletes in the field of Mindfulness which has been used in other sports research. The efficacy of the intervention was statistically verified with favorable and significant results for the athletes, in the control group they were not found significant. It was concluded that the intervention achieved significant results in the athletes when competing, reducing their anxiety before, during and after the competition; and the didactic material helped with the strengthening of selfconfidence. Emphasis is placed on the benefits that athletes will have in future competitions, obtaining greater sporting achievements and learning from failures, avoiding sports desertion.
Agotamiento emocional y estrategias de resiliencia en el personal de la salud periodo 2020- 2021.
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-09-01) Montero Espinoza, Marcela de Lourdes Ps. Cl.; Tapia Figueroa, Diego Giovanni PhD.
The objective of this research work was the development of a workshop guide to improve resilience strategies and avoid future emotional exhaustion of health personnel, this guide has the main goal of being an effective and efficient tool that provides coping strategies for improve their resilience and therefore acquire greater control against emotional exhaustion or also called "burnout" at the Health Center No. 1 Type B in Esmeraldas. The population to which this investigation is applied is made up of 40 hospital personal from different health areas such as nursing, psychology, administration, among others; and a convenience sample will be used because they were chosen at random without having a history of burnout, it is a quantitative investigation of explanatory scope of an cuasi- experimental type and of longitudinal cut since a before and after having applied the guideline is measured workshops with the taking of instruments; To know the characteristics of the population, the sociodemographic record was used, which was completed using the interview technique, an informed consent and burnout and resilience were measured through the psychometric technique with the instrument of The Maslach Burnout Inventory MBI) and with the Wagnyld and Young resilience scale; A workshop guide consisting of introduction, development and conclusion was applied and each of these are adapted in a dynamic and entertaining way so that the message arrives directly since the subject matter is learned in a practical way, this guide consists of six sessions of 40 to 50 minutes, which were applied twice a week and changes are determined in aspects such as: emotional intelligence, burnout and personal fulfillment, which confirms the effectiveness of the technique.
Estimulación Cognitiva para personas adultas mayores en situación de pobreza.
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-09-01) Valencia Sánchez, Nilda Jazmina Ps. Cl.; Cueva Rubio, María AugustaPs. Cl. Mg.
The objective of the current study was to implement a cognitive stimulation program that favors the development of autonomy and prevents cognitive deterioration in older adults living in poverty in the town of Juan Benigno Vela, for which a design of A quasi-experimental research with a quantitative approach of a longitudinal type and descriptive scope, twelve older adults participated and due to the health emergency, there was no control group. Cognitive function was measured by the Folstein Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), 1975. The intervention was carried out during ten sessions, in ten consecutive weeks, with an average duration of forty-five minutes. For the data analysis, the SPSS version 24 program is used. It was shown that cognitive stimulation significantly improves the cognition of the elderly (t = 5.29; p = .000), finding a significance in time orientation (t = 6.51; p = .000), orientation in space (t = 4.05; p = .002), attention in calculation (t = 3.34; p = .007), deferred memory (t = 3.44; p = .005), comprehension and execution of an order (t = 2.55; p = .027) and copy of a drawing (t = 2.35; p = .039). It is concluded that cognitive stimulation for older adults strengthens autonomy and independence in daily living activities and preventing cognitive deterioration.
Terapia comunitaria integrativa como intervención para fortalecer la autoestima del adolescente en situación de vulnerabilidad
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud /Centro de posgrados, 2021-12-07) Sánchez Pomboza, Verónica Tatiana Psi. Cli.; Gavilanes Manzano Mg.Psi Cli., Fanny
The self-esteem of adolescents in situations of vulnerability has a direct influence on the risk behaviors that take place in this population. Therefore, it is important to prepare educational institutions in order to create protective resources in this group. The current study aims are to analyze the effectiveness of the Integrative Community Therapy in strengthening the self-esteem of adolescents in vulnerable situations, as well as to identify the levels of self-esteem that this population has. A quasi-experimental study is carried out in order to measure the dependent variable before and after implementing the intervention in a group of vulnerable adolescents between the ages of 13 and 15; the effects of the intervention were measured and analyzed based on the results obtained in the process of prior and subsequent appliance of the Coopersmith self-esteem scale. The results demonstrated that the Integrative Community Therapy was an effective intervention tool which allowed vulnerable adolescents to open a space to talk about their sufferings, experiences and achievements, maintaining a circular communication that promoted the empowerment of their own lives, recovering the capacities, individual and community resources that were diminished, strengthening personal self-esteem and social links. Summing up, the adolescents in vulnerable situations achieved to improve their self-esteem as well as to modify their way of thinking and acting as co-responsible active persons and participating in fixing solutions, establishing resilient attitudes and creating supportive networks of participation between them.
Entrenamiento cognitivo de la memoria de trabajo en adultos mayores para un envejecimiento saludable
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud /Centro de posgrados, 2021-12-07) Valencia Medina, Paola Silvana Ps. Cl.; Gavilanes Manzano, Fanny Rocío Ps. Cl. Mg.
Ageing is commonly associated with cognitive impairment and the loss of other abilities, especially regarding to work memory, that is a function that allows receiving a quantity of information, support it in the short term and operate with it until a preestablished objective is reached. This function becomes slower in an elderly age; as a result, it is necessary to investigate preventive interventions to promote positive ageing, in order to achieve a reduction in the prevalence of chronic diseases such as Alzheimer, senile dementia and others, which have a considerable impact on the context near elderlies. The objective of the project was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive training. This was focused on the guided practice of standardized tasks and especially designed to improve certain cognitive functions, in this particular case, working memory, which contributes to the behavior, daily functioning and state of mind. The study responds to a qualitative-quantitative, quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test measurement using the subtest "Working Memory" by NEUROPSI: Attention and Memory to a single group of 20 elderly people who also received an intervention through cognitive stimulation activities that are present in the book “Cuaderno de Ejercicios de Estimulación Cognitiva para reforzar la Memoria” (by Ansón, et al., 2015) where a significant difference was identified for the subtest "Digit retention regression" (Retención de dígitos en regresión) comparing the pretest and the postest, whereas for "Cubic regression" there was not such difference. Thus, cognitive training denotes efficacy in improving and/or maintaining working memory function in elderlies.
Intervención psicoterapéutica en síntomas de estrés postraumático en el personal sanitario durante la emergencia sanitaria por COVID-19
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud /Centro de posgrados, 2021-12-07) Moya Cepeda, Ana Cristina Psc. Cl.; Fernández Soto, Gerardo Fernando Dr.
The general objective of the following research was to apply a psychotherapeutic group intervention to prevent the development of post-traumatic stress disorder in health personnel who provided care during the first months of the COVID-19 health emergency. While observing the presence of post COVID-19 emotional symptoms, it was found necessary to make an intervention program. A methodology with a quantitative approach was used; being a quasi-experimental research, conducted under the pre-test/post-test design. The research population consisted of 40 people, including nurses, physicians and nursing assistants. The sample was done by census since the population and sample was the same. The psychometric instrument used was the Davidson trauma scale consisting of 17 items that assesses the severity and frequency of the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. The therapeutic intervention proposal was developed under the narrative approach, grouped in four sessions consisting of: emotional writing activities, emotional norming, metaphoric work, strengthening of support networks, and creating a new narrative. Due to COVID-19 biosecurity measures, the sessions were conducted in groups of ten people. The data obtained on the scale was processed with SPSS 24 software and statistical analysis was performed. As a result, a decrease in post-traumatic stress symptomatology in the health personnel after the application of the proposed psychotherapeutic intervention was obtained. It showed important statistic results by obtaining p<0,05in frequency as in symptom grievance
Aplicación de la técnica de relajación de Benson para el manejo del estrés en mujeres embarazadas durante la emergencia sanitaria por COVID-19
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud /Centro de posgrados, 2021-12-07) Godoy Proaño, Paulette Carolina Psc. Cl.; Moreta Herrera, Carlos Rodrigo Psc. Cl. MSc.
The analysis of the topic regarding: Application of the Benson relaxation technique for stress management in pregnant women during the health emergency due to COVID–19, arises from the need to help minimize the effects generated by the COVID pandemic– 19, with lethal consequences on the population at the global, national and local levels, so that the present study focused on a vulnerable segment of the population on whom confinement, risk of contagion, security measures, mobility restrictions , among others, increased stress levels, added to her state of pregnancy. In this sense, the objective was to apply the Benson relaxation technique to evaluate coping styles in stressful situations in pregnant women during the health emergency due to COVID-19. The methodology was eminently quantitative, of a quasi-experimental type, with application of pretest and posttest to a control group of 30 pregnant mothers and study 30 women under equal conditions, with the possibility of performing an intervention with the Benson technique. From which it was possible to obtain results that revealed that coping styles for stress management in pregnant women lead to the suppression of competent activities, but active coping stands out in the post-test. Thus, it is concluded that in coping styles that focus on emotion and the problem, they improve considerably with the intervention with the Benson technique in stress management in pregnant mothers.
Estrategias de afrontamiento para el manejo del Síndrome de Burnout
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados, 2023-12-12) Cali Moya, Paulina Estefanía; Mayorga Ortiz, Diego Javier
Introduction: At the workplace level, burnout syndrome is presented as a risk factor that affects the quality of life and mental health of workers, showing symptoms of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and dissatisfaction with achievement as they are not detected and treated in a timely manner with strategies. coping as prevention of its appearance. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of coping strategies for the management of Burnout Syndrome. Methodology: The research carried out is quantitative and applied, using a pre-experimental design with an exploratory scope, focused on a cross-sectional study. The methodology includes analytical foundation; The hypothetical-deductive and comparative method is used, thus addressing the problem and obtaining results from a meticulous analysis. Results: it is evident that once the group intervention was implemented, Burnout could be significantly managed before (M=5.35) and after (M=4.59) it (W=28.0, p<0.05), noting a significant change in the exhaustion dimension among the mean before (M=60.29) and after (M=51.59) the intervention (t (16) =5.89, p<0.001). Conclusions: based on the objectives set, this study has managed to evaluate the effectiveness of the coping strategies applied to the staff of the Quality Up company for the management of burnout syndrome. Likewise, the levels of the syndrome and the characterization of the sample with burnout problems have been successfully determined.
Estrategias de estimulación para atención selectiva y concentración en niños que se encuentran en contexto de movilidad humana
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados, 2023-12-12) Gaibor Sangache, Mirella Margarita; Lara Salazar, Cristina Mariela
Estimulación de funciones superiores para prevenir el deterioro cognitivo en adultos mayores en situación de pobreza y extrema pobreza
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados, 2023-12-12) Moscoso Villacrés, Michelle Estefania; Flores Hernández, Verónica Fernanda
Estrategias de entrenamiento en auto instrucciones para disminuir el d estrés académico en adolescentes
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados, 2023-12-12) Carrera Miranda, Ángela Andrea; Mayorga Ortiz, Diego Javier
Currently, academic stress is a problem that influences the teaching-learning process. However, self-instruction training strategies help to regulate their own behavior, which is constituted by stressors, stress symptoms and coping strategies. The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of self-instruction training strategies to reduce academic stress in adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, with a methodology that responds to a qualitative, quantitative, quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test using the SISCO inventory that measures academic stress, in a single study group of 24 adolescents, using selfinstruction training strategies to reduce academic stress. The results showed that academic stress decreased considerably; there was a significant variation in academic stress excluding the severe level, while the moderate level was 87.5% in 21 adolescents and the mild level was 12.5% in 3 adolescents.
Plan de desarrollo de habilidades sociales para el manejo de la agresividad en personas adultas mayores
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados, 2023-12-12) Tingo Ortiz, William Alexis; Gavilanez Gómez, Guillermo Daniel
Aging entails several deficiencies that affect the physical, cognitive, psychological and social well-being of the elderly. Among them, the decline in Social Skills (SHS) emerges as a critical factor, affecting the quality of life and giving rise to manifestations of hostility or aggression. Addressing this issue is essential to ensure comprehensive care for older adults. This study aimed to develop social skills in older adults participating in the "Envejeciendo Juntos" (Aging Together) program in Chimborazo, Cantón Guano, with the objective of managing aggression. The research adopted a quali-quantitative approach, using evaluation scales to measure the level of social skills and applying a quasi-experimental design with a specific development plan. The sample included 40 older adults aged between 65 and 100 years. The results revealed a significant difficulty (X= 1.85) in expressing anger or disagreement in the area of HHSS. The statistical analysis (T-test) showed a significance of .002 for HHSS and .012 for aggressiveness, indicating that the social skills development plan facilitates the adequate management of aggressiveness in this population group. In conclusion, the implementation and work focused on social skills are fundamental to improve the quality of life of older adults. The intervention demonstrated that through the development of a HHSS plan, the population studied acquired tools to face various situations that generate discomfort. This approach not only contributes to the emotional, social and physical well-being of older adults, but also provides a solid foundation for facing the challenges associated with aging.
Plan de fortalecimiento de la autoestima en personas adultas mayores en situación de abandono
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados, 2023-12-12) Larrea Alvarez, David Leonardo; Gavilanes Gómez, Guillermo Daniel
The aging process commonly associates various social, familial, health, emotional, personal, and economic factors that impact the development of the quality of life of older adults. When older adults (AM) find themselves immersed in loneliness due to the abandonment they experience, they develop difficulties in their self-esteem, generating feelings of anger, hostility, anxiety, depression, sadness, guilt, lack of self-acceptance, dependence, affecting their quality of life. That is why the objective of this research was to develop a proposal for intervention in strengthening self-esteem in older adults in situations of abandonment. Methodologically, it was a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental design. The population consisted of 40 older adults from the MMA II "El Carmen" Unit located in the province of Chimborazo, Chambo canton, from the Aging Together Program of the Ministry of Economic and Social Inclusion. For the analysis of the variables, the following evaluation instruments were used: a socio-demographic record, Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, and an Ad-hoc Survey. In the pre-test, it was observed that 7 out of 10 older adults live in situations of abandonment, with 47% having a low level of self-esteem, highlighting the importance of socializing a self-esteem strengthening plan. In the post-test, an improvement in selfesteem was identified, with 44% improving their self-esteem to a medium level. Through the execution of the T-student test, bilateral significance < a (0.05) was evidenced, supporting the research hypothesis. The development of a strengthening plan will benefit self-esteem in older adults in situations of abandonment, rejecting the null hypothesis. It is essential that professionals working with this population segment dedicate time to strengthening the self-esteem of older adults. In this way, a positive aging process can be promoted in the studied population
Estrategias de relajación para prevenir trastornos de ansiedad en los cuidadores de personas con discapacidad física e intelectual
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados, 2023-12-12) Mosquera Punina, Katherine Fernanda; Flores Hernández, Verónica Fernanda
Being in charge of a person considerably limits the social and family life of the caregiver, therefore the quality of life of the caregiver is affected, it is essential to provide relaxation strategies in order to reduce or prevent the possibility of acquiring anxiety disorders in the future. The objectives of the study were to implement relaxation strategies to prevent anxiety disorders in caregivers of people with physical and intellectual disabilitiesin the Saquisilí canton. The research was not experimental because the variables were not physically manipulated; it had a quantitative focus since the Hamilton anxiety test was applied. The participants were 30 caregivers of people with physical and intellectual disabilities, where it was determined that 33.3% of people who exercise this role had mild anxiety, 43.3% moderate and 23.3% severe, for which the respective relaxation strategies were applied, so that a decrease in anxiety levels was evidenced. Finally, it was concluded that the elaboration of the proposal was beneficial for the community. It is suggested that the levels of depression in the population mentioned above be studied.
Fortalecimiento de vínculos afectivos entre cuidador y adulto mayor de la Unidad de Atención Una Mirada Diferente San Andrés, Píllaro
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados, 2023-12-15) Alvarez Haro, Marco Alexander; Escobar Parra, Norma Dalinda
Estrategias de autorregulación emocional y el bienestar psicológico en adolescentes de entre 11 a 14 años.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2024-03-01) Andrade Soria, Bryan Danilo Psi. Edu.; Rodríguez. Mg. Psi. Cl., Mayra Lucia
Estrategias de regulación emocional en adolescentes.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2024-03-01) Toalombo Chicaiza, Henry Oswaldo Lcdo.; Gavilánes Gómez. Psi. Cl. Mg., Guillermo Daniel
Adolescence is a critical stage in human development, where there are difficulties in making decisions or having appropriate behaviors, since they act impulsively, generating difficulties in harmonious coexistence in the classroom, it is for this reason that this research work seeks that 14- year-old adolescents of a private educational unit of the Ambato canton, can manage their emotions properly, through an intervention, in which emotional regulation strategies are proposed for proper management of emotions. The research project was framed in a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative), with the application of the scale of difficulties in emotional regulation (DERS), a type of non-experimental research with intervention was applied, the participants were 40 adolescents of 14 years old divided into two groups of 20 each, an intervention was implemented, which consisted of 8 sessions that provided emotional regulation strategies. The results determined that the intervention carried out with the adolescents has had a significant effect, since a Cohen's d value of 1.093 was obtained, determining the great usefulness of the proposal. Finally, the effectiveness of the emotional regulation strategies was verified by means of a post-test, the results of the post-intervention evaluation showed a significant effect, which determines that the intervention helped the adolescents.