Centro de Posgrado
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Item Factores que influyen en las coberturas de vacunación de influenza estacional en niños menores de 2 años de la Parroquia Huambaló(2025-12-17) Escobar Caisabanda, Gerardo Misael; Chipantiza Córdova, Tannia Elizabeth; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosThis study addresses the issue of factors influencing seasonal influenza vaccination coverage, which remains a global challenge. Annually, around one billion cases of seasonal flu occur worldwide, with Ecuador included in these statistics. The Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador uses inactivated influenza vaccines. The objective of this research is to analyze the factors influencing influenza vaccination coverage in children under two years of age in Parroquia Huambaló, belonging to Cantón Pelileo, Tungurahua Province. Educational interventions aimed at families and the community were implemented. A quantitative approach was employed as it facilitated numerical data for statistical analysis, and a cross-sectional design was used to identify vaccination factors at a specific point in time. Intentional sampling was conducted using the Fisterra program, which calculates a confidence level of 95% and a precision of 3%. The study sample consisted of 75 children from Parroquia Huambaló. The results allowed the identification of factors influencing vaccination coverage and helped establish more effective educational interventions for families and the community.Item Factores laborales y académicos asociados al síndrome de Burnout en posgradistas de Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria(2025-12-17) Ortiz Vega, Mariela Lizeth; Mayorga Ortiz, Diego Javier; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosBurnout syndrome represents a chronic stress response that affects the mental health and professional performance of nursing staff. This study aimed to analyze the workrelated and academic factors associated with burnout syndrome in graduate students of Family and Community Nursing. A quantitative, non-experimental, correlational approach was applied, with a cross-sectional field design. Data collection was conducted using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which assesses three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, employing descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to identify relationships between variables. The results showed that most participants had a medium level of burnout, characterized by emotional exhaustion and moderate depersonalization, along with high personal accomplishment, which acts as a protective factor. It was observed that a double workload and academic workload increases the risk of fatigue and frustration, especially in professionals with a greater number of responsibilities. Likewise, the significant relationship between frustration and fatigue reflects the influence of dissatisfaction and lack of recognition on psychological exhaustion. It is concluded that burnout in graduate students is a multifactorial phenomenon that requires institutional attention. The implementation of psychological support strategies, academic flexibility, and self-care promotion can contribute to reducing stress levels and improving the overall well-being of future community nursing specialists.Item Adherencia terapéutica en adultos mayores con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2.(2025-12-17) Ramírez Arévalo, Nathaly Nicole; Pachucho Flores, Ana Pamela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosIntroduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is considered a chronic condition that predominantly affects the elderly population and requires ongoing management to reduce metabolic complications. However, adherence to treatment is generally limited by emotional, social, and cultural factors that affect the patient and their family environment. Objective: To analyze therapeutic adherence in the elderly population with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus treated at the Totoras Type B Health Center and to describe the factors that influence compliance. Method: This is a mixed-method, crosssectional study. In the qualitative phase, information was collected through semistructured interviews with family members and caregivers, analyzed using Braun and Clarke's Reflective Thematic Analysis, and the quantitative phase was developed using the Morisky-Green Test (MMAS-8) on a population of 60 older adults diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus “DM2” who were treated at the Totoras Health Center. Results: It was found that 1.7% of participants showed adherence to therapeutic adherence, while 28.3% showed moderate adherence, and 70% of participants showed low adherence. From a family perspective, the difficulties that prevent adherence to treatment include the number of medications, lack of support, economic barriers, and preferences for natural medicine practices. Conclusions: Therapeutic adherence in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus is related to cultural, economic, and family factors. Family support is essential for full treatment adherence, so it is necessary to implement therapeutic education and support strategies from the first level of care.Item Factores que influyen en la violencia laboral en el personal operativo de salud del Distrito 18D02 Salud Ambato.(2025-12-17) Vásconez Espín, Patricia Estefanía; Mejías, Marianela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosWorkplace violence has been present for many years within the environment of health personnel, evidenced by various forms of aggression from patients, users, and even coworkers, creating conditions that negatively affect their mental health and job performance. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence workplace violence among operational health personnel of District 18D02 Ambato and to identify the most frequent dimension that causes harm within the study population. The research was conducted using the Workplace Violence in the Health Sector instrument, which facilitated data collection and the identification of factors related to the occurrence of workplace violence. The study population consisted of operational community health personnel, and a convenience sample was selected from a health unit with 52 participants who met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that psychological violence is the most common condition affecting participants, with psychological harassment being the primary source of discomfort in the work environment. In conclusion, workplace violence is frequent among health professionals due to various individual and organizational factors that expose them to aggression from patients, family members, and co-workers.Item Sobrecarga del cuidador de personas con discapacidad del Centro de Salud Loma de Quito - Riobamba(2025-12-17) López Andrade, Jonathan Alexis; Yánez Corrales, Angela Cristina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosThis study analyzed caregiver burden among individuals with disabilities at the Loma Health Center in Quito, aiming to identify the levels of physical, emotional, social, and economic burden they face. The Zarit Burden Interview was administered to 24 caregivers using a quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional approach. Data were processed using SPSS software, employing descriptive statistical analysis and pairedsamples t-tests. The results showed that most caregivers scored above 47, indicating the presence of mild to severe burden. The most affected factors were emotional exhaustion, loss of personal time, physical strain, and social isolation. Economic difficulties and feelings of sole responsibility for the family member were also observed. The most significant differences were found in the emotional, social, and economic dimensions, confirming that burden manifests primarily through stress, fatigue, and a loss of personal control. In conclusion, it can be said that caregivers of people with disabilities at the Loma de Quito Health Center require psychological support, professional guidance, and respite care to reduce the impact of caregiving on their health and well-being. These findings underscore the importance of strengthening family support programs and public policies that recognize and support the work of caregivers as an essential component of the comprehensive healthcare system.Item Plan de intervención para mejorar la Funcionalidad Familiar en los Adultos del Sindicato de choferes profesionales del cantón “Pelileo”(2025-12-11) Terán Tubón, Henrry Paúl; Tobar Viera, Andrea Susana Ps. Cl. Mst.; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud / Centro de PosgradosThe objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an intervention plan based on the Structural Family Therapy model, designed to improve family functioning among adults affiliated with the professional drivers’ union in the canton of Pelileo, Tungurahua province. This research employed a quantitative approach, a descriptive scope, and a longitudinal quasi-experimental design, with a sample of 100 adults selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The FF-SIL instrument was used to assess family functioning before and after the intervention, which was implemented over six phases, each consisting of two 45- to 60-minute sessions, for a total of twelve structured therapy sessions aimed at strengthening family dynamics and organization. The results showed an increase in overall levels of family functioning following the implementation of the intervention plan, reflecting significant improvements in interaction and cohesion within the family system. The analysis using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test revealed statistically significant differences between pre- and post-intervention measurements, confirming the effectiveness of the implemented program. In conclusion, an intervention plan based on Structural Family Therapy proved to be effective in enhancing the family functioning of participating adults and promoting more stable, interactive, and adaptive relationships within the family context.Item Normalidades del rango de movimiento y fuerza muscular en cadera de bailarines de folclor(2025-10-03) Vinueza Cusme, Belén Estefanía, Licda; Suarez Peñafiel, Pedro Fernando, Licdo. MgIntroduction: Folk dance requires high levels of hip flexibility and strength due to its physical and biomechanical demands. However, the relationship between range of motion (ROM) and muscle strength in these dancers has been little studied compared to other disciplines such as ballet or contemporary dance. This study seeks to establish reference values in folk dancers, contributing to injury prevention and performance improvement. Objective: To determine normal values for range of motion and muscle strength in the hip of folk dancers, establishing biomechanical patterns specific to this discipline. Materials and methods: An observational, prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in 100 folk dancers (50 men and 50 women). ROM was measured with a digital goniometer and muscle strength with a portable dynamometer. Statistical tests were applied to evaluate differences between limbs and gender. Results: ROM values similar to those of other dance disciplines were found, but with less hip extension. Extension strength was the highest, while abduction showed the lowest values. No direct correlation was found between ROM and muscle strength. Discussion: Significant differences were observed between men and women, with men showing greater strength and women greater ROM. Conclusions: The results indicate that folkloric dancers present specific biomechanical patterns, with asymmetries in ROM and variations in muscle strength. Low abduction strength could represent a risk factor for injury. These findings highlight the importance of training strategies focused on improving stability and preventing injuries in folkloric dance.Item Aplicación de un programa de Meditación Mindfulness para reducir la ansiedad en estudiantes con escolaridad inconclusa(2025-10-03) Guevara Bravo, Natalia Paulina, Psic; Tobar, Andrea Psc. Cl. Mst; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud / Centro de PosgradoMindfulness meditation has emerged as an effective intervention for reducing anxiety in educational settings, particularly among vulnerable populations such as adult learners with incomplete formal education. Anxiety, as a physiological and emotional response to real or perceived threats, can severely impact psychological well-being and academic performance when it becomes chronic. This study examined the impact of a structured mindfulness program on anxiety levels among adult students at the Unidad Educativa PCEI Miguel de Cervantes. A quasi-experimental, longitudinal, and quantitative design was employed, with a sample of 90 participants aged 17 to 65 years (M = 32.5; SD = 11.1), male (62.2%). Anxiety was assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), administered before and after the intervention. At baseline, 72.2% of participants exhibited mild, moderate, or severe anxiety, with 23.3% reporting severe symptoms. Following the intervention, the proportion of participants with minimal anxiety increased to 56.7%, while those with severe anxiety dropped to 2.2%. A mean reduction of 9 points in anxiety scores was observed, which was statistically significant (p < .001), with a large effect size (r = 0.698). These findings indicate that mindfulness is highly effective in reducing anxiety in this population. The results have both clinical and practical implications, fostering an emotionally supportive environment conducive to learning. Mindfulness-based interventions represent an accessible and effective tool for integration into educational programs targeting adults with interrupted schooling, thereby strengthening mental health, and supporting academic achievementItem Relacion de la fuerza muscular de la rodilla con la resistencia aerobica del futbolista amateur(2025-10-02) Hernández Olivo, Allison Abigail, Lic.; Suárez Peñafiel, Pedro Fernando, Lic MgIntroduction: Football is a team sport characterized by acyclic patterns that combine short, explosive movements. In this context, muscular strength plays a key role in sustaining prolonged periods of play, injury prevention, and athletic performance. Specifically, quadriceps strength is closely related to respiratory function, contributing to reduced mortality and ICU stay in clinical populations. From a physiological standpoint, increased strength is associated with mitochondrial adaptation, leading to greater ATP production, delayed fatigue, and a higher lactate threshold, which enhances performance during high-intensity efforts. Objectives: To establish normal values of knee muscle strength and to determine its relationship with aerobic endurance in amateur football players. Methods: This was a quantitative, non-experimental, observational, prospective, and cross-sectional study. A total of 84 amateur football players from different clubs in Tungurahua (Ecuador) participated. The sample was selected through non-probability convenience sampling, including players aged 20–40 years, with a height between 1.55 and 1.85 meters, normal BMI, Ecuadorian nationality, and mestizo ethnicity. Goalkeepers, players with recent injuries or relevant medical history were excluded. Knee muscle strength (flexion and extension) was measured using the Kinvent® dynamometer, following standardized protocols. Aerobic capacity was assessed using the Bruce protocol, and VO₂max was calculated using the corresponding formula. Results: Descriptive analysis indicated that demographic variables followed an approximately normal distribution. Knee strength values were lower than the ideal references (20.44 kgf in flexion and 23.54 kgf in extension),providing a basis for establishing population-specific reference ranges. Paired samples t-tests showed astatistically significant relationship (p = 0.001) between knee muscle strength andaerobic capacity. Conclusions: The study population presented knee strength levels below ideal values, highlighting the need to establish specific reference ranges for amateur footballers. A significant relationship between knee strength and aerobic endurance was confirmed. However, it is important to consider that the sensitivity of this relationship may be influenced by external, uncontrolled factors, which should be addressed in future research.Item RELACIÓN ENTRE EL DOLOR EN PATOLOGÍA LUMBAR NO MECÁNICA CON LA FUERZA Y RANGO DE MOVIMIENTO DE LA CADERA EN EL PERSONAL MILITAR(2025-10-02) Villacis Gualpa, Aníbal Daniel; Suarez Peñafiel, Pedro Fernando; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosNon-mechanical low back pain is one of the leading causes of medical consultation and disability worldwide. Its prevalence is particularly high in military personnel due to the demanding physical requirements of their activities. The etiology is multifactorial, with growing evidence linking lumbar pain to hip dysfunctions, especially alterations in muscle strength and range of motion (ROM). This study aimed to determine the relationship between non-mechanical lumbar pain, hip strength, and ROM in military personnel receiving care at the Physiotherapy Department of Basic Hospital 11 BCB Galápagos. A cross-sectional, correlational, and analytical design was applied. Two hundred military personnel were evaluated through the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pain, manual dynamometry for hip muscle strength, and digital goniometry for ROM. Participants were selected by non-probability convenience sampling, excluding those with specific pathologies such as herniated discs or lumbosciatica. Ethical approval was obtained, and confidentiality was ensured through secure data handling. The study population had a mean age of 35.4 years, weight of 69.4 kg, and BMI of 24.95 kg/m², with 30.5% classified as obese. The mean pain score was 5.5, with moderate intensity predominating (58.5%). Hip strength and ROM were greater on the right side (p<0.001), indicating functional asymmetry. Pain showed a significant negative correlation with right hip flexion and extension strength (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed that increased pain is associated with reduced muscle strength, while no significant differences were observed in left ROM and adduction. In conclusion, non-mechanical low back pain in military personnel is significantly associated with hip strength, especially flexors and extensors, underscoring the need for individualized assessment and rehabilitation strategies.