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CONOCIMIENTOS, ACTITUDES Y PRÁCTICAS SOBRE NUTRICIÓN DEPORTIVA EN ENTRENADORES DE PICHINCHA
(2025-06-18) Alava Parraga, Stefania Alexandra; Bonilla Veloz, Silvia Elizabeth; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
In recent decades, sports nutrition has proven to be essential for improving
physical performance, optimizing training, aiding recovery, maintaining an
adequate body composition, and reducing the risk of injuries and illnesses, thus
contributing to the enhancement of sports performance. The objective of this
study was to describe the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of coaches from
various sports disciplines through a survey. The study was descriptive, with a
non-probabilistic sample, and involved 60 coaches. The results revealed a low
level of knowledge regarding energy-protein requirements and supplementation,
as well as a high percentage of attitudes and practices that present a risk for the
development of eating disorders.
IMPLICACIONES NUTRICIONALES DEL HÍGADO GRASO NO ALCOHÓLICO EN ADULTOS
(2025-06-18) Cáceres Soria, Megan Naomi; Cruz Hidalgo, Pablo Andres; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
NAFLD is a pathology that has been increasing; its development is related to
overweight, obesity and metabolic syndrome, in a bidirectional relationship. In
these conditions, NAFLD can generate and aggravate diseases and conditions such
as insulin resistance, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases; In turn, these diseases
can cause or aggravate NAFLD. Eating habits, such as excessive consumption of
sugars and saturated fats, together with a sedentary lifestyle, favor the accumulation
of liver fat, predisposing to NAFLD. Nutritional intervention is key to improving
patients' condition and reducing the risk of associated complications. Objective:
The main objective of this research is to identify the nutritional and metabolic
factors that intervene in the generation of NAFLD in adults, to recognize the
measures that contribute to the solution of the nutritional problem. Materials and
methods: Databases such as Google Scholar, Web of Science and PubMed were
consulted to carry out a bibliographic review on nutritional factors, comorbidities,
nutritional treatments and supplements with their effects on NAFLD. The selected
articles belong to the last 5 years in English and Spanish languages. Conclusions:
NAFLD is related to those diseases generated by metabolic disorders, the presence
of one can be a factor for the appearance of the other; However, the application of
a healthy lifestyle with changes in nutritional habits is helpful in avoiding the
progression of NAFLD, fibrosis and other liver complications
VALORACIÓN DE PATRONES FUNCIONALES EN ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA Y SU RELACIÓN CON EL DESEMPEÑO ACADÉMICO
(2025-06-18) Castro Solis, Mayra Johanna; Ferreiro Macías, Karina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Enfermería
Introduction: Academic performance is a measure of the abilities that a
student presents regarding what he or she has learned, as an effect of a
complex training process, which derives to multiple factors. Objective: To
analyze the relationship between functional patterns and academic performance
in nursing students. Methods: A quantitative study was carried out, with an
observational, ambispective design and analytical-relational scope in which the
most significant results of the assessment of functional patterns in relation to
academic performance were described. Results: 62 first-semester students of
the Nursing course at the Technical University of Ambato participated, of which
52 (83.9%) were female and 10 (16.1%) were male. The bilateral asymptotic
significance values for the following patterns are indicated: health maintenance
and perception: 0.00<0.05; cognitive-perceptual: 0.044<0.05 and selfperception 0.012<0.05; therefore, the hypothesis is rejected; that is, there is a
statistically significant association between these three functional patterns and
academic performance. Conclusions: The comprehensive well-being of
students is a key factor that influences their academic success, so educational
institutions should consider a more holistic approach in the training of future
health professionals.
FUNCIONAMIENTO FAMILIAR Y SU REPERCUSIÓN EN EL DESEMPEÑO ACADÉMICO DEL ESTUDIANTE DE ENFERMERÍA
(2025-06-18) Curillo Banda, Anibal Fabricio; Macias Ferreiro, Karina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Enfermería
Family functioning is considered as the set of interactions that allow us to face
various crises. Academic performance is the result of the teaching-learning
process that is involved in the knowledge learned in said process and how it is
incorporated into their behavior and that could be mediated by family functioning.
The objective of the research was to determine the influence of family functioning
on the academic performance of nursing students at the Technical University of
Ambato. It was carried out under a quantitative, descriptive, ambispective and
correlational approach. The sample was made up of 286 students enrolled in the
period from March to September 2024. For the diagnosis of family functioning,
the ff-sil questionnaire was used and academic performance was analyzed
according to the evaluation scale of the evaluation regulations of the
aforementioned institution. As a result, it was found that there is no association
between academic performance and family functioning with p 0.504 > 0.05,
however, students from complete nuclear families were the ones who
predominated (56.6%), which represents a family structure considered a positive
support network. The need for a new study on the factors that impact the
academic performance of nursing students was demonstrated.
PERCEPCIÓN DE LA IMAGEN CORPORAL Y COMPOSIC I Ó N CORPORAL DE PERSONAS QUE PRACTICAN FISICOCULTURISM O EN EL CANTÓN QUERO
(2025-06-18) Guerrero Cunalata, Evelyn Vannesa; Viteri Robayo, Carmen Patricia; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
The objective of the article was to analyze the perception of body image and body compositi o n
of people who practice bodybuilding in the Quero canton, with an observational-descript i v e
methodology with a quantitative approach in which surveys were conducted in order to
determine the perception of body image and bioimpedance was used to evaluate the body
composition of bodybuilders. The sample consisted of 50 Ecuadorian athletes between 18 and
50 years of age. The instruments used were Omron HBF-514C digital scales, which estima t e
body composition by measuring the electrical resistance of the body. The analysis shows a
diverse distribution of body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, visceral fat level, muscle
mass and body circumference index, providing a complete picture of health and fitness.
Therefore, they give as results, in women an average BMI value of 27.40; while in men their
BMI is 24.79, as well as their body fat defined in the average of women is 33.41 and in men it
is 22. 96; following the same order in terms of skeletal muscles we have values of 28.45 and
36.07; while in terms of visceral fat we have 12 and 12.31, as well as metabolic age we have
35.09 and 31.69, ending with waist/hip with 0.87 and 0.90.
OBESIDAD Y ALIMENTACIÓN EMOCIONAL: UNA REVISIÓN DE LITERATURA
(2025-06-18) Zamora Zamora, Glenda Elizabeth; Robayo Zurita, Verónica Alexandra; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
Obesity has become a major public health concern worldwide, affecting millions of
people and increasing the risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease
and metabolic disorders. This multifactorial phenomenon is influenced by several factors,
with dietary patterns being a key component in its development. Among these patterns is
emotional eating, which refers to the consumption of food in response to emotions, rather
than the physiological need for food. This behavior is manifested when people use food
as a coping mechanism to deal with negative emotions such as social pressure, stress,
anxiety, sadness or loneliness. The literature review developed examines the available
evidence on obesity and emotional eating in the general population. Through a
comprehensive search of scientific databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest
and Google Scholar between 2020 and 2024 on obesity derived from emotional eating.
The findings indicate that emotional eating is associated with excessive food consumption
and the adoption of unhealthy habits, such as fast food consumption.
IMPACTO DE LA LACTANCIA MATERNA Y ALIMENTACIÓN COMPLEMENTARIA EN LA MALNUTRICIÓN
(2025-06-18) Álvarez Peñaherrera Camila Domenica; Llangari Zurita Mirian Isabel; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
Introduction: Breastfeeding and complementary feeding initiate the growth and development
of cognitive, physical, and emotional capacities in humans. Good practices are reinforced
when understanding the health context of women and infants in Latin America, as over 50%
of breastfeeding individuals face challenges in providing a healthy feeding process during the
early days of infancy.
Objective: Identify the role of breastfeeding and complementary feeding in preventing
malnutrition, through the analysis of good practices and factors influencing non-compliance
in Latin American countries.
Methods: Updated information from primary and secondary sources in the last 5 years has
been compiled, prioritizing research focused on Latin America, available in medical
databases, academic works, conferences, and official bulletins.
Results: Breastfeeding and early feeding are crucial for the baby's brain development,
providing key nutrients and strengthening the intestinal microbiota. Malnutrition, linked to
socio-economic and cultural factors, negatively impacts child growth. It is essential to
promote exclusive breastfeeding and proper nutrition to prevent diseases and ensure long-term
healthy development.
Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of breastfeeding for cognitive development
and infant health, encouraging women to take responsible care in infant feeding, preventing
malnutrition, and strengthening the immune system from the early months of life.
CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL ÁNGULO DE FASE EN PACIENTES DIABÉTICOS
(2025-06-18) Camacho Barragán Sebastian Alejandro; Arteaga Almeida Cristina Alexandra; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
Introduction: The characterization of phase angle (PA), measured through bioelectrical
impedance, is a key clinical marker in patients with diabetes mellitus, associated with muscle
mass, adipose tissue, and visceral fat. It allows for analysis as a direct relational factor
concerning tissue and cellular response capacity to chronic pathological factors. Objective:
This study aims to apply descriptive statistics segmented by sex and age to obtain intervaltype control points for phase angle in correlation with metabolic complications.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted with Pearson correlation analysis and
principal component analysis, evaluating phase angle in relation to body composition and
metabolic complications arising from type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results: A total of 121 patients
with type 2 diabetes mellitus were evaluated through descriptive analysis and variance using
the Kolmogorov- Smirnov test, considering the components of phase angle (PA) in arms,
legs, and trunk, broken down by sex. The classification of subjects revealed the presence of a
group with normal PA values and another with decreased values. The relationship between
metabolic complications and PA values was graphically illustrated, showing that the general
PA had the highest correlation with these complications, followed by the trunk PA and the
left arm PA. Discussion: This study evaluated the relationship between phase angle (PA) and
metabolic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The results indicated that
there is no significant relationship between gender and PA values, suggesting that
complications may develop independently of the patient's sex. A control interval for PA was
established between 5 and 7 points; values below 5 were associated with inflammatory
syndromes and metabolic complications. The general PA showed the highest correlation with
complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, confirming its utility as a
predictive marker, in line with previous research that suggests a low PA increases the risk of
complications in this population. Conclusions: PA emerges as a key indicator for the
identification and management of metabolic complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus,
providing opportunities to enhance clinical care in this population.
DIETAS HIPOCALÓRICAS Y RESISTENCIA A LA INSULINA, POSIBLES BENEFICIOS O COMPLICACIONES
(2025-06-18) Chasig Quisaguano Adrian Ismael; Bonilla Veloz Silvia Elizabeth; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
This article examines the effect of hypocaloric diets on insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes
mellitus and metabolic syndrome. Hypocaloric diets are an effective tool to achieve
weight loss and improve metabolic health, evidencing positive effects such as increased
peripheral insulin sensitivity, decreased liver fat accumulation and lipid profile adequacy.
However, if not applied correctly, disadvantages may arise such as decreased muscle
mass, alterations at the level of basal metabolism and possible nutritional deficiencies.
An analysis of the influence of intermittent fasting and caloric restriction on the regulation
of body weight, blood glucose levels and inflammatory markers associated with the
cellular aging process is also addressed. Although hypocaloric diets show favorable
results in the short term, maintaining adherence to them in the long term remains a
challenge, indicating the importance of developing personalized approaches that facilitate
their sustainability over time, it has been observed that intermittent diets tend to have
greater longterm adherence compared to traditional continuous diets, although both are
effective in reducing body weight, having greater effectiveness when enhanced with
psychological support and the incorporation of physical exercise.
ABORDAJE NUTRICIONAL DEL PACIENTE CELÍACO
(2025-06-18) Játiva Parra, Liliana Michelle; Robayo Zurita, Verónica Alexandra; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
Introduction: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic and systemic autoimmune disorder that
affects people with genetic susceptibility to gluten, a protein found in various cereals. It
manifests itself with a wide range of signs and symptoms along with related diseases,
and can even occur asymptomatically, thus complicating its diagnosis. It is mostly
diagnosed in women and at younger ages than in men. The disorder has no cure, so its
management focuses exclusively on nutrition. Objective: The objective of the review is
to analyze current recommendations on the nutritional approach to celiac disease and
identify areas of future research and unmet needs in the nutritional approach to celiac
disease, including the exploration of alternative therapies. Methods: The methodology
used was the bibliographic review of current articles or articles corresponding to the last
5 years that specifically address the nutritional approach in celiac disease. The search
was carried out in specialized databases in health sciences: Scielo, ScienceDirect,
Dialnet and Google Scholar. Conclusions: Strict adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD)
was found to be crucial for improving symptoms and gut health in patients with celiac
disease.
SUPLEMENTACIÓN PROTEICA EN ADULTOS MAYORES, UNA FORMA DE PREVENIR LA SARCOPENIA
(2025-06-18) Navarrete Chicaiza, Christopher Damián; Bonilla Veloz, Silvia Elizabeth; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
Sarcopenia is a pathology that mainly affects older adults and is characterized by
the progressive loss of muscle mass, as well as the deterioration in the functionality
and strength of body movements. This degenerative process is a natural
consequence of aging, but is influenced by factors such as physical inactivity, poor
diet and metabolic changes characteristic of aging. As time goes by, many people,
especially older adults, tend to lead a more sedentary life due to physical limitations
or health problems, which contributes to the development of this condition.
Sarcopenia not only affects the ability to perform daily activities, but also increases
the risk of falls, fractures and dependence on others to perform daily tasks.
Nutritional supplementation plays a key role in the prevention and management of
this condition. Adequate intake of protein, essential amino acids such as leucine,
and other compounds such as vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids can help preserve
muscle mass and improve motor function. These strategies allow older adults to
maintain their independence for longer, improving their quality of life and reducing
the negative impact of sarcopenia. In summary, a balanced diet in conjunction with
appropriate supplementation may be key to slowing the muscle loss associated with
aging.
COMPARACIÓN ENTRE CÁLCULO DE REQUERIMIENTOS NUTRICIONALES POR CALORIMETRÍA INDIRECTA Y FÓRMULAS DE PREDICCIÓN
(2025-06-18) Navarrete Naranjo, Ariana Belén; Parreño Freire, Constanza Michelle; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
Resting energy expenditure (REE) is defined as the energy required for vital
functions, including brain, heart and respiratory functions. Its calculation is
crucial to avoid overestimating or underestimation of energy needs, which can
lead to nutritional imbalances and disorders related to nutrient intake and
absorption. Among the most recognized predictive equations are: HarrisBenedict, Mifflin-St and the one proposed by the FAO. However, these
equations have limitations, biases and wide margins of error. Currently, the use
of more precise methods is recommended, such as indirect calorimetry (IC),
considered a first-line method due to its non-invasive nature and precision. This
method is based on the measurement of gas exchange, especially in the
quantification of oxygen consumption (VO₂) and carbon dioxide production
(VCO₂). The energy derived from the oxidation of nutrients, such as
carbohydrates, proteins and fats, requires oxygen and produces carbon dioxide
in specific proportions. This research is qualitative, based on a systematic
bibliographic review in which 40 scientific studies obtained from indexed
databases were analyzed. The results obtained show the potential of indirect
calorimetry compared to predictive equations, which are useful in
heterogeneous populations, so it is essential to consider the margin of error in
its application. On the other hand, indirect calorimetry is positioned as the gold
standard in the calculation of Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) in critical
patients, offering a significant advantage in terms of accurate estimation and
nutritional therapy.