Nutrición y Dietética

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EL ABANDONO DE LA LACTANCIA MATERNA EXCLUSIVA Y EL USO DE FÓRMULAS LÁCTEAS
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-27) Pilatasig Tandalla, Diana Soledad; Llangari, Mirian Isabel Zurita
Introduction: Breast milk is an ideal food for infants, providing an ideal mix of nutrients and antibodies essential for their development and health. In addition to strengthening the immune system, it fosters the emotional bond between mother and child, benefits that milk formulas cannot fully replicate, even though they are designed to mimic the composition of breast milk. However, various circumstances, such as health, social and economic problems, lead many mothers to opt for this alternative. This research topic is crucial to understand the factors that influence the decision to use formulas and their impact on infant and maternal health. In addition, it is fundamental to address issues of social and economic inequalities that may influence mothers' choice. Methodology: A literature search was carried out in reliable databases such as Redalyc, Scielo, PubMed, Elsevier, in Spanish and English in the last 5 years, including bibliographic reviews, systematic reviews, postgraduate theses, original scientific articles, as well as official WHO and UNICEF pages, and excluding undergraduate theses, monographs, forums and abstracts. Conclusion: Breastfeeding offers a number of benefits and is the only complete food that the child should receive, however, despite these advantages, the use of milk formulas as a replacement for breast milk is increasing, despite the fact that it cannot fully replicate breast milk.
ABORDAJE NUTRICIONAL DEL PACIENTE CELÍACO
(2025-06-18) Játiva Parra, Liliana Michelle; Robayo Zurita, Verónica Alexandra; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
Introduction: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic and systemic autoimmune disorder that affects people with genetic susceptibility to gluten, a protein found in various cereals. It manifests itself with a wide range of signs and symptoms along with related diseases, and can even occur asymptomatically, thus complicating its diagnosis. It is mostly diagnosed in women and at younger ages than in men. The disorder has no cure, so its management focuses exclusively on nutrition. Objective: The objective of the review is to analyze current recommendations on the nutritional approach to celiac disease and identify areas of future research and unmet needs in the nutritional approach to celiac disease, including the exploration of alternative therapies. Methods: The methodology used was the bibliographic review of current articles or articles corresponding to the last 5 years that specifically address the nutritional approach in celiac disease. The search was carried out in specialized databases in health sciences: Scielo, ScienceDirect, Dialnet and Google Scholar. Conclusions: Strict adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) was found to be crucial for improving symptoms and gut health in patients with celiac disease.
Abordaje nutricional del paciente con enfermedad renal crónica. un estudio de revisión bibliográfica
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-05-01) Miranda Ramírez, Ariana Nebraska; Robayo Zurita Lic Mg., Verónica Alexandra
The present bibliographic review proposed to define the processes of nutritional evaluation in chronic renal patients, by means of a bibliographic review in databases, in order to identify the modifiable factors in the progression of the disease. Systematic review scientific articles, case studies, cohort studies, randomized trials of qualitative, quantitative and descriptive approach were used. The method of elaboration was carried out with the PRISMA model, allowing the evaluation of the effects in the interventions reviewed. The inclusion criteria were: study period within the last 5 years, subject matter, reliability, studies conducted in pre-transplant patients. Exclusion criteria were: journals without indexation, hypotheses with low evidence, temporality.The results indicate that an integral assessment of patients with CKD allows not only to reduce the progression of the disease but also to improve the quality of life, as well as self-care, nutritional education and healthy habits. Effective screening of risk factors for disease progressioncan avoid the comorbidities of the disease, focusing treatment on prevention strategies applied atthe hospital level as well as at home.
Abordaje nutricional en cáncer de mama. Un artículo de revisión
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-10-02) Basantes Chango, Andrea Johanna; Bustillos Ortiz, Diana Isabel
It is paramount to emphasize the importance of an adequate nutritional approach, in patients with breast cancer in order to achieve expected results. Patients with this pathology present different complications that affect their treatment, especially when they have metabolic changes that prevent them from complying with nutritional recommendations. That is why early nutritional assessment and education are of great value to improve quality of life. Likewise, it is essential to maintain adequate adherence to treatment, since this is effective in preventing nutritional complications acquired during treatment, such as malnutrition. Objective: To analyze the information regarding the nutritional approach in people with breast cancer. Methodology: Explanatory study based on systematic research using information from scientific databases and specialized journals. An exhaustive analysis was carried out with topics relate d to nutritional approach and breast cancer. Results: The prevalence of breast cancer has been increasing in recent years by 47%. One of the main side effects are diarrhea, vomiting, nutritional and gastrointestinal complications, thus increasing the nutritional needs of these patients. Conclusion: It was found that the nutritional needs of breast cancer patients change significantly; therefore, a correct nutritional management based on diet therapy is valuable, such as modifications in the usual diet, avoiding sedentary lifestyle, increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables, avoiding the consumption of fried or very copious foods, and when oral food consumption is unable to meet the needs of these patients, it is essential to opt for the consumption of a nutritional supplement
Abordaje nutricional en el síndrome metabólico: un estudio de revisión
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-22) Guamán Chipantiza, Marilyn Anais; Cruz Hidalgo, Pablo Andrés
Metabolic syndrome is a disorder that promotes the development of low-grade inflammatory states, due to the increase in adipose tissue. Being constituted as a global problem, it compromises the state of health because it leads to the emergence of metabolic pathologies such as Obesity, Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM2), Hyperlipidemia and HTA. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to prepare a bibliographic review regarding dietary and therapeutic patterns and strategies of physical activity, which regulate the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome. For the development of this research, articles from PubMed, the Multidisciplinary Institute of Digital Publications (MDPI), Dialnet and Google Scholar were taken into account from November 15, 2022 to February 25, 2023. That is why 35 articles published between 2018 and 2023 were included. Based on those articles the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome, types of diets, nutraceutical foods and certain micronutrients (Vitamin C, D and magnesium) used for the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome were described. It was concluded that despite the absence of a nutritional or physical activity model established for the management of this pathology the combined use of aerobic and anaerobic physical activity, plus the use of the dietary pattern that characterizes the Mediterranean diet, reduced anthropometric (BMI, weight and waist circumference) and biochemical values by lowering triglycerides, LDLC, TG and better blood pressure control and insulin sensitivity. Reducing cardiometabolic risk and early mortality in metabolically decompensated individuals
ABORDAJE NUTRICIONAL EN PACIENTES CON ANOREXIA NERVIOSA
(2025-06-18) Llumitasig Andachi, Evelyn; Girón Saltos, Katherin Yaritza; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
Anorexia nervosa is a serious eating disorder that affects a significant proportion of adolescents, although it can influence individuals of various ages and genders. It is considered a critical condition due to the severe risks it poses to both physical and psychological growth and development (Murray L, et al., 2021). This disorder manifests itself through excessive restriction of food intake, intense fear of weight gain, and distorted body image. Treatment of anorexia nervosa in adolescents requires a comprehensive approach that includes specialized nutritional interventions. The article reviews current strategies in the nutritional approach to adolescents with anorexia nervosa, focusing on recent research from the past four years to provide an updated view on best practices in the nutritional management of this condition. Anorexia nervosa is often a long-term disorder with a variety of psychophysiological and nutritional manifestations. Some patients may die from suicide or physical complications, with sudden death from cardiac arrhythmias being a common outcome. This disorder is not directly related to disease duration or age, but is associated with a body mass index (BMI) below 12 and very low serum albumin levels
Abordaje nutricional en pacientes con cirugía bariátrica. Un estudio de revisión
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-22) Aguilar Morales, Bryan Javier; Guevara Villacis, Mishelts Vanessa
The present investigative work focuses on how patients undergoing bariatric surgery, a surgical procedure used in the treatment of morbid obesity, are not able to eat an adequate diet both before and after the operation, failing to meet the adequate requirements of nutrients that your body needs after the physiological and metabolic changes that occur after the intervention. Therefore, the main objective of this review was to investigate and analyze the importance of having a specific nutritional treatment for this type of patients, in order to enhance and improve the results of surgery and improve their state of health and well-being. long term. Thus, a complete search of the scientific literature available in highly relevant databases was carried out, collecting information with adequate methodological quality, which allows understanding the need to adapt a nutritional plan before surgery to avoid complications during it, and after this, to help the patient's body adapt to the change. Thus, the importance of a comprehensive approach in the nutritional approach of these patients was highlighted, evidencing a lack of general information on the proper diet that should be followed, in many cases, downplaying the nutritional aspect, which leads to complications and a recovery of the weight that was had before surgery, therefore, special emphasis is made on the need for long-term follow-up, in which it is demonstrated that continuous visits to nutritional consultation and patient education, promote changes in the sustainable lifestyle, which does not include restrictive diets that cannot be carried.
ADAPTACIÓN Y VALIDACIÓN DE UN RECORDATORIO DE 24 HORAS PARA ESTIMAR LA BIODISPONIBILIDAD DE HIERRO EN ALIMENTOS PARA CELÍACOS
(2026-06-24) Punina Punina, Erika Magaly; Arteaga Almeida, Cristina Alexandra; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
Iron deficiency is a common nutritional problem, and its assessment in individuals with celiac disease is challenging due to dietary restrictions and factors that influence iron absorption. In this context, the overall objective of this study was to adapt and validate a 24-hour dietary recall protocol to estimate iron bioavailability in people with celiac disease. A methodological, observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted. The instrument was digitized using Google Forms and incorporated variables associated with iron sources, preparation methods, and tea/coffee consumption. The sample consisted of 54 individuals with a confirmed diagnosis, selected based on eligibility. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha in SPSS v.25, yielding a value of 0.996 for the 89 items. Content validity was established through expert judgment, calculating the indices of clarity (0.80), coherence (0.88), and relevance (0.77). A pilot assessment of iron bioavailability using Murphy’s model estimated approximately 1.7 mg/day of bioavailable iron. The adapted instrument demonstrated high reliability and adequate content validity, making it a methodologically viable tool for estimating iron bioavailability in individuals with this condition.
ADHERENCIA A LA DIETA SIN GLUTEN EN PACIENTES CON ENFERMEDAD CELIACA DE LA FUNDACIÓN CELIACOS DEL ECUADOR
(2025-10-06) Espín Robayo, Génesis Salomé; Chávez Velasco Irlanda Del Lourdes; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disease caused by gluten ingestion that affects the small intestine in genetically predisposed individuals. The objective of the study focuses on evaluating adherence to the gluten-free diet in patients with celiac disease to identify the factors that influence compliance and compare the levels of adherence between different groups of patients according to variables such as age, gender, socioeconomic level, time since diagnosis and access to gluten-free products. Cross-sectional descriptive observational study with a sample of 27 patients who belong to the Celiacos Foundation of Ecuador. Data collection was carried out in the cities of Quito and Guayaquil in the month of May and June of 2024. To find out if there is adherence to the gluten-free diet, the Celiac Dietary Adherence Test was used, where the questionnaire was applied to the patient to obtain the rating and to be able to demonstrate whether the patient complies with the diet. It is concluded that the majority of those surveyed have moderate adherence to the gluten-free diet, which means that they follow this diet, but without being strict. No significant differences in adherence are observed according to geographical location, age group, sex or level of education.
ADITIVOS ALIMENTARIOS CRÍTICOS EN PRODUCTOS PROCESADOS CONSUMIDOS POR ESCOLARES DE LA UNIDAD EDUCATIVA PICAIHUA: UN ANÁLISIS COMPARATIVO CON LA REGULACIÓN DE LA UNIÓN EUROPEA Y REGULACIÓN LOCAL
(2025-10-06) Bautista Ullauri, Dalila Dayanara; Bustillos Ortiz, Diana Isabel; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
Food additives, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), are substances intentionally added to food to improve its appearance, texture, flavor, preservation, and other properties. However, some of these additives are classified as critical due to their potential negative impact on health, especially in children. The objective of the present study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the various critical food additives found in processed products consumed by schoolchildren at the Picaihua Educational Unit, in correlation with European Union regulations and Ecuadorian standards. A descriptive-comparative design with a quantitative approach was used, involving a population ranging from 5 to 13 years of age. A random sample of 187 students was selected. Data was collected through a validated survey based on the Likert scale, with 80% open-ended questions and 20% closed-ended questions. The data revealed a high frequency of consumption of ultra-processed products such as cookies, candies, and flavored drinks, primarily among children aged 5 to 10 years. The most commonly identified additives include monosodium glutamate, artificial colorants such as tartrazine, sweeteners like aspartame, and preservatives such as sodium benzoate, which are associated with adverse effects such as obesity, gastrointestinal disorders, and behavioral problems. Significant exposure to critical food additives was evident in products targeted toward the child population. Ecuadorian regulations differ notably from European regulations, especially in terms of permitted limits and precautionary labeling.
Alimentación complementaria con el método baby led weaning en menores de 9 meses. un estudio de revisión
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-05-01) Criollo Saca, Emily Abigail; Viteri Robayo, Carmen Patricia PhD.
Introduction: The first year of life is considered a key point for the beginning of good feeding. Complementary feeding is the beginning of the consumption of any solid or liquid food independent of breast milk. The baby led weaning (BLW) method presents foods in their original form, but with a size according to the child's age. However, there are still questions surrounding its use as a complementary feeding (CF) technique. Objective: To analyze food intake, nutrient intake and the risk of choking in infants under 9 months of age fed by the BLW method. Methods: 8 scientific articles obtained from Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed, Dialnet, Scielo, Redalyc, and Springer, published from 2015, were used to perform the systematic review. Results: The BLW method helps infants initiate CA with a wide range of foods while their psychomotor skills are developing. Conclusions: Although there is very little information on this method, it should be emphasized that weaning well used and under the correct supervision of both health personnel and the father will help to ensure good adherence to it and to maintain a good nutritional status.
ALIMENTACIÓN Y NUTRICIÓN ÓPTIMA EN NIÑOS MENORES DE CINCO AÑOS CON INSUFICIENCIA PONDEROESTATURAL
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-25) Romero Amores, Ronny Alejandro; Bustillos Ortiz, Diana Isabel
The ponderoestatural insufficiency is a double burden of malnutrition which is a problem that occurs worldwide by a low height and low weight per age. This situation can be solved based on proper nutrition and nutrient supplementation; the article was made in order to show the latest updates on healthy eating for children with problems related to malnutrition, identify foods and portions appropriate for the age of children, this exploration seeks to inform the population about the correct practices, strategies and eating habits to combat nutritional problems. Bibliographic reviews were carried out based on information published in the last 5 years, in Spanish and English, using inclusion criteria of review articles, postgraduate theses, updated food guides, books and original articles. Ensuring good nutritional health of children ensures a good health, social and nutritional status in the future, i.e., less risk of contracting or aggravating pathologies, less risk of disease complications, less likelihood of complications in social relationships.
Análisis de la composición corporal con relación al tipo de actividad física y consumo alimentario en jóvenes adultos de entre 18 – 25 años de una federación deportiva de la zona 3
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-01) Querido Santamaría, Jazmín Gabriela; Pasochoa Miniguano, Fausto Enrique Dr.
Body Composition is of great importance in sports and health to estimate physical and nutritional status, thanks to which it has been possible to diagnose and prevent overweight, obesity and other diseases of cardiovascular and metabolic origin that drastically affect health. In the same way, healthy eating is closely related to the wellbeing of the organism. The objective of this research is to analyze the body composition in relation to the type of physical activity and food consumption in young adults between 18 - 25 years of a federation. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample of 125 athletes from 5 disciplines (Athletics, Basketball, Soccer, Swimming and Taekwondo) of both sexes (91 men and 34 women). Food consumption was identified through a survey of eating habits in which the consumption of fruits, vegetables, cereals, proteins, dairy products and fast foods was evidenced. Weight, height, BMI, and percentages of lean and fat mass were also measured using a bioimpedance scale. The statistical analysis was carried out with the statistical program SPSS and it was shown that Soccer contributes to the maintenance of the musculature in the body but the most effective discipline for the generation of a greater amount of muscle mass in the body is Swimming. In the same way, food and knowing how to choose the food we consume is also a fundamental point that goes hand in hand with sport.
ANÁLISIS DE LA INGESTA DIETÉTICA EN PACIENTES CON INTOLERANCIA AL GLUTEN DE LA FUNDACIÓN CELIACOS DEL ECUADOR
(2025-10-06) Villalva Parra, Anahi Alejandra; Viteri Robayo, Carmen Patricia; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
Celiac disease is an enteropathy that affects the small intestine. It is more prevalent in children under 5 years old and adults over 40 years old. The treatment consists of a strict gluten-free diet; failure to adhere to this can result in gastrointestinal issues and weight loss. This article analyzes the dietary intake of patients with gluten intolerance, comparing their results with recommendations established by the World Health Organization according to the patients' age and gender. It is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study that included 32 patients from the Celiac Foundation of Ecuador, evaluated in Quito and Guayaquil in May and June 2024. Anthropometric data and diet were analyzed using tools such as Nutrimind and 24-hour recall. The data were statistically analyzed in RStudio using non-parametric tests. The calorie intake of most patients with gluten intolerance is lower than recommended by the World Health Organization, precisely 16% and 37% less in women and men, respectively. Protein consumption is also lower than recommended, by 10% in women and 17% in men. For carbohydrates, the recommendation exceeds consumption by 6% in women and 27% in men. Similarly, the trend continues with lipids, with consumption being lower by 39% and 57% in comparison to the WHO recommendations. The gluten-free diet is a key tool in avoiding complications of the disease, which is why this study highlights the need to promote public policies to improve economic accessibility to gluten-free foods in Ecuador.
Análisis de la ingesta energética-proteica en relación a la sarcopenia en pacientes con hemodiálisis
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-22) Camino Naranjo, María de los Ángeles; Galarza Esparza, William Bayardo
Hemodialysis increased the risk of loss muscle mass, strength and function those are the factors correlate with sarcopenia. The purpose of this research is if the energy and protein intake will be related with sarcopenia’s diagnosis. This is a cross – sectional correlational research. We have 53 participants: 16 women and 37 men. The results showed that the BMI is not enough to be a predictor of malnutrition, because of that about 66% have lost muscle mass; the variables of sex and age are dependent on the diagnosis, on that 56.6% have severe sarcopenia. Whit the analysis of energy intake (p<0.05; 95%CI:-37.0501 to - 30.1196), and protein intake (p<0.05; 95%CI:-1.96615 to -1.50555), the difference test is statistically significant. In the relationship between energy and protein intake, the result is that protein intake is related to the sarcopenia, due to the protein catabolism involved in hemodialysis treatment, so it is suggested that the participants need supplementation intradialysis or despite they do not come to the hemodialysis.
ANÁLISIS DE LOS PROGRAMAS NUTRICIONALES MATERNO INFANTILES EN ECUADOR
(2025-10-06) Serrano Pineda, Paula Soledad; Tayupanda Cuvi, Noemi Judith; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
This study addresses the issue of Maternal and Child Nutritional Programs that have been developed in the Ecuadorian context, from the World Vision Program planned since 1947 to the Intersectoral Food and Nutrition Plan in Ecuador 2018 – 2025. Therefore, the objective of the investigation is centered on analyzing maternal and child nutritional programs in Ecuador. The investigation has a qualitative approach based on a bibliographical review based on the analysis of articles and reports on maternal and child nutritional programs in Ecuador related to a food or nutritional component. The searches were carried out in databases such as PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs and the Biblioteca Virtual en Salud del Ministerio de Salud Pública (MSP), focusing on "evaluation of programs and nutrition" and "evaluation of programs and nutritional assistance", as well as related studies published in Google Scholar. Within the results obtained, it is observed that, in Ecuador, the established goals were not met due to cultural barriers, lack of digitalization and scarcity of resources. The analyzed information allowed to highlight the results that each of the associated programs obtained. It is concluded that the economic situation and lack of knowledge about nutrition have affected families. It is recommended that these programs be developed as State projects to guarantee their continuity and improve public health and care.
ÁNGULO DE FASE EVALUADO POR IMPEDANCIA BIOELÉCTRICA EN ESTUDIANTES DE LA CARRERA DE NUTRICIÓN Y DIETÉTICA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE AMBATO
(2025-10-06) Miranda Aldas, Erika Vanessa; Rubio Lalama, Diego Andrés; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
The phase angle, obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), is a key parameter in the assessment of nutritional status and cellular health. However, in Ecuador there are no specific reference values for young adults, which makes its clinical application difficult. This study aimed to characterize the population of students in the Nutrition and Dietetics program at the Technical University of Ambato based on their age, sex, nutritional status, and level of physical activity, in addition to correlating the BMI with the phase angle and identifying its average value in this population. A descriptive-observational study was conducted in 102 students, using BIA to measure the phase angle, in addition to the classification of nutritional status by BMI and the assessment of the level of physical activity. The results indicated that 79.4% of the population was female, with a mean age of 20.37 years in women and 20.24 years in men. 70.6% were of normal weight, 22.5% were overweight, and 6.9% were underweight. Regarding physical activity, 53.9% had a moderate level. A significant positive correlation was found between BMI and phase angle (r = 0.274, p = 0.005), indicating that a higher BMI tends to be associated with higher phase angle values. The average phase angle value was 6.76° in men and 5.75° in women, slightly below international references. These findings underline the importance of establishing local reference values and highlighting the impact of nutritional status and physical activity on cellular integrity, thus contributing to improving clinical assessment and health promotion in this population.
ANTIOXIDANTES EN LA PREVENCIÓN Y TRATAMIENTO DE CÁNCER
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-25) Navas Bassante, Camila Anahys; Viteri Robayo, Carmen Patricia
Cancer is considered the leading cause of death worldwide with 10 million deaths annually, the most prevalent are breast and lung cancer, and the main risk factors are overweight, smoking, sedentary lifestyle and a diet with low consumption of fruits and vegetables rich in antioxidants, Therefore, this review article has the objective of identifying the influence and relationship of the consumption of antioxidants in the prevention and treatment of cancer. For this purpose, a bibliographic review of the last 5 years was carried out in scientific databases such as Google Scholar, Scielo, PubMed, Elsevier, Web of Science. The languages used were Spanish, English and Portuguese, as a result it was obtained that oxidative stress damages DNA, which generates a process of carcinogenesis, and antioxidants have the ability to prevent oxidative stress by stabilizing free radicals, so it was concluded that antioxidants can prevent cancer if consumed from natural sources, however in their treatment there are divided opinions, so more research should be conducted in depth on the subject.
Aplicación del screening stamp en la evaluación de malnutrición de niños de 0 a 5 años de los centros de desarrollo infantil del cantón Píllaro
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-05-01) Silva Guevara, Israel Alejandro; Bustillos Ortiz, Diana IsabelIng. MSc.
In this research work, the prevalence of the diagnosis of risk of malnutrition in children from 0 to 5 years old was determined through the application of the STAMP nutritional screening and its sensitivity and reliability for its use. The sample used consisted of 47 children belonging to a child development center in the city of Píllaro who were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria determining the study. Anthropometric data on weight and height were collected and the screening was applied to the caregivers who provide food to the children in the child development center. These anthropometric data were analyzed using the WHO ANTRO system, which established growth curves and their respective standard deviations. According to the sensitivity of the screening, 60% was obtained and according to its specificity, 52%; according to the relationship established between the results of the STAMP screening and the BMI/age indicator, a chi-square was obtained with a value of p= 0.453. Finally, using the prevalence formula, of the 47 children to whom the STAMP screening was applied, 22 (46.81%) registered a low risk of malnutrition; 17 (36.17%) a medium risk of malnutrition and 8 (17.02%) a high risk of malnutrition, so that more than half of them would have the possibility of presenting child malnutrition.
ASOCIACIÓN ENTRE EL ESTADO NUTRICIONAL Y EL FUNCIONAMIENTO COGNITIVO EN ADULTOS MAYORES DEL CANTÓN SAN PEDRO DE PELILEO
(2026-06-24) Montoya Pérez, Quimberly Miruye; Galarza Esparza, William Bayardo; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
The general purpose of this research study was to determine the correlation between nutritional status, as measured using the Mini Nutritional Assessment tool, and cognitive functioning, as assessed using the Pfeiffer questionnaire, in older adults living in the parish of García Moreno in the canton of San Pedro de Pelileo. To this end, a quantitative study with a non-experimental cross-sectional and correlational design was developed, applying simple random sampling to select 75 participants from the rural area, who were given the Mini Nutritional Assessment questionnaire to evaluate their nutritional status. In addition, anthropometric measurements such as weight and height were taken to complement the assessment. A brief neurological test was also administered, with the final results showing a very high prevalence of low weight, affecting 72% of the sample, in addition to identifying mild and moderate mental impairment in more than half of the respondents. After applying the chi-square statistical test, it was concluded that there is definitely no direct link between caloric deficit and loss of intellectual abilities in this specific population. Therefore, local medical authorities are advised to establish community dietary assistance plans along with periodic neurological assessments, finally recommending that future researchers expand the number of people evaluated to other surrounding sectors, incorporating new sociodemographic variables to obtain a much broader picture of this health problem.