Nutrición y Dietética
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Item EL ABANDONO DE LA LACTANCIA MATERNA EXCLUSIVA Y EL USO DE FÓRMULAS LÁCTEAS(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-27) Pilatasig Tandalla, Diana Soledad; Llangari, Mirian Isabel ZuritaIntroduction: Breast milk is an ideal food for infants, providing an ideal mix of nutrients and antibodies essential for their development and health. In addition to strengthening the immune system, it fosters the emotional bond between mother and child, benefits that milk formulas cannot fully replicate, even though they are designed to mimic the composition of breast milk. However, various circumstances, such as health, social and economic problems, lead many mothers to opt for this alternative. This research topic is crucial to understand the factors that influence the decision to use formulas and their impact on infant and maternal health. In addition, it is fundamental to address issues of social and economic inequalities that may influence mothers' choice. Methodology: A literature search was carried out in reliable databases such as Redalyc, Scielo, PubMed, Elsevier, in Spanish and English in the last 5 years, including bibliographic reviews, systematic reviews, postgraduate theses, original scientific articles, as well as official WHO and UNICEF pages, and excluding undergraduate theses, monographs, forums and abstracts. Conclusion: Breastfeeding offers a number of benefits and is the only complete food that the child should receive, however, despite these advantages, the use of milk formulas as a replacement for breast milk is increasing, despite the fact that it cannot fully replicate breast milk.Item Abordaje nutricional del paciente con enfermedad renal crónica. un estudio de revisión bibliográfica(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-05-01) Miranda Ramírez, Ariana Nebraska; Robayo Zurita Lic Mg., Verónica AlexandraThe present bibliographic review proposed to define the processes of nutritional evaluation in chronic renal patients, by means of a bibliographic review in databases, in order to identify the modifiable factors in the progression of the disease. Systematic review scientific articles, case studies, cohort studies, randomized trials of qualitative, quantitative and descriptive approach were used. The method of elaboration was carried out with the PRISMA model, allowing the evaluation of the effects in the interventions reviewed. The inclusion criteria were: study period within the last 5 years, subject matter, reliability, studies conducted in pre-transplant patients. Exclusion criteria were: journals without indexation, hypotheses with low evidence, temporality.The results indicate that an integral assessment of patients with CKD allows not only to reduce the progression of the disease but also to improve the quality of life, as well as self-care, nutritional education and healthy habits. Effective screening of risk factors for disease progressioncan avoid the comorbidities of the disease, focusing treatment on prevention strategies applied atthe hospital level as well as at home.Item Abordaje nutricional en cáncer de mama. Un artículo de revisión(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-10-02) Basantes Chango, Andrea Johanna; Bustillos Ortiz, Diana IsabelIt is paramount to emphasize the importance of an adequate nutritional approach, in patients with breast cancer in order to achieve expected results. Patients with this pathology present different complications that affect their treatment, especially when they have metabolic changes that prevent them from complying with nutritional recommendations. That is why early nutritional assessment and education are of great value to improve quality of life. Likewise, it is essential to maintain adequate adherence to treatment, since this is effective in preventing nutritional complications acquired during treatment, such as malnutrition. Objective: To analyze the information regarding the nutritional approach in people with breast cancer. Methodology: Explanatory study based on systematic research using information from scientific databases and specialized journals. An exhaustive analysis was carried out with topics relate d to nutritional approach and breast cancer. Results: The prevalence of breast cancer has been increasing in recent years by 47%. One of the main side effects are diarrhea, vomiting, nutritional and gastrointestinal complications, thus increasing the nutritional needs of these patients. Conclusion: It was found that the nutritional needs of breast cancer patients change significantly; therefore, a correct nutritional management based on diet therapy is valuable, such as modifications in the usual diet, avoiding sedentary lifestyle, increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables, avoiding the consumption of fried or very copious foods, and when oral food consumption is unable to meet the needs of these patients, it is essential to opt for the consumption of a nutritional supplementItem Abordaje nutricional en el síndrome metabólico: un estudio de revisión(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-22) Guamán Chipantiza, Marilyn Anais; Cruz Hidalgo, Pablo AndrésMetabolic syndrome is a disorder that promotes the development of low-grade inflammatory states, due to the increase in adipose tissue. Being constituted as a global problem, it compromises the state of health because it leads to the emergence of metabolic pathologies such as Obesity, Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM2), Hyperlipidemia and HTA. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to prepare a bibliographic review regarding dietary and therapeutic patterns and strategies of physical activity, which regulate the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome. For the development of this research, articles from PubMed, the Multidisciplinary Institute of Digital Publications (MDPI), Dialnet and Google Scholar were taken into account from November 15, 2022 to February 25, 2023. That is why 35 articles published between 2018 and 2023 were included. Based on those articles the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome, types of diets, nutraceutical foods and certain micronutrients (Vitamin C, D and magnesium) used for the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome were described. It was concluded that despite the absence of a nutritional or physical activity model established for the management of this pathology the combined use of aerobic and anaerobic physical activity, plus the use of the dietary pattern that characterizes the Mediterranean diet, reduced anthropometric (BMI, weight and waist circumference) and biochemical values by lowering triglycerides, LDLC, TG and better blood pressure control and insulin sensitivity. Reducing cardiometabolic risk and early mortality in metabolically decompensated individualsItem Abordaje nutricional en pacientes con cirugía bariátrica. Un estudio de revisión(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-22) Aguilar Morales, Bryan Javier; Guevara Villacis, Mishelts VanessaThe present investigative work focuses on how patients undergoing bariatric surgery, a surgical procedure used in the treatment of morbid obesity, are not able to eat an adequate diet both before and after the operation, failing to meet the adequate requirements of nutrients that your body needs after the physiological and metabolic changes that occur after the intervention. Therefore, the main objective of this review was to investigate and analyze the importance of having a specific nutritional treatment for this type of patients, in order to enhance and improve the results of surgery and improve their state of health and well-being. long term. Thus, a complete search of the scientific literature available in highly relevant databases was carried out, collecting information with adequate methodological quality, which allows understanding the need to adapt a nutritional plan before surgery to avoid complications during it, and after this, to help the patient's body adapt to the change. Thus, the importance of a comprehensive approach in the nutritional approach of these patients was highlighted, evidencing a lack of general information on the proper diet that should be followed, in many cases, downplaying the nutritional aspect, which leads to complications and a recovery of the weight that was had before surgery, therefore, special emphasis is made on the need for long-term follow-up, in which it is demonstrated that continuous visits to nutritional consultation and patient education, promote changes in the sustainable lifestyle, which does not include restrictive diets that cannot be carried.Item Alimentación complementaria con el método baby led weaning en menores de 9 meses. un estudio de revisión(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-05-01) Criollo Saca, Emily Abigail; Viteri Robayo, Carmen Patricia PhD.Introduction: The first year of life is considered a key point for the beginning of good feeding. Complementary feeding is the beginning of the consumption of any solid or liquid food independent of breast milk. The baby led weaning (BLW) method presents foods in their original form, but with a size according to the child's age. However, there are still questions surrounding its use as a complementary feeding (CF) technique. Objective: To analyze food intake, nutrient intake and the risk of choking in infants under 9 months of age fed by the BLW method. Methods: 8 scientific articles obtained from Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed, Dialnet, Scielo, Redalyc, and Springer, published from 2015, were used to perform the systematic review. Results: The BLW method helps infants initiate CA with a wide range of foods while their psychomotor skills are developing. Conclusions: Although there is very little information on this method, it should be emphasized that weaning well used and under the correct supervision of both health personnel and the father will help to ensure good adherence to it and to maintain a good nutritional status.Item ALIMENTACIÓN Y NUTRICIÓN ÓPTIMA EN NIÑOS MENORES DE CINCO AÑOS CON INSUFICIENCIA PONDEROESTATURAL(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-25) Romero Amores, Ronny Alejandro; Bustillos Ortiz, Diana IsabelThe ponderoestatural insufficiency is a double burden of malnutrition which is a problem that occurs worldwide by a low height and low weight per age. This situation can be solved based on proper nutrition and nutrient supplementation; the article was made in order to show the latest updates on healthy eating for children with problems related to malnutrition, identify foods and portions appropriate for the age of children, this exploration seeks to inform the population about the correct practices, strategies and eating habits to combat nutritional problems. Bibliographic reviews were carried out based on information published in the last 5 years, in Spanish and English, using inclusion criteria of review articles, postgraduate theses, updated food guides, books and original articles. Ensuring good nutritional health of children ensures a good health, social and nutritional status in the future, i.e., less risk of contracting or aggravating pathologies, less risk of disease complications, less likelihood of complications in social relationships.Item Análisis de la composición corporal con relación al tipo de actividad física y consumo alimentario en jóvenes adultos de entre 18 – 25 años de una federación deportiva de la zona 3(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-01) Querido Santamaría, Jazmín Gabriela; Pasochoa Miniguano, Fausto Enrique Dr.Body Composition is of great importance in sports and health to estimate physical and nutritional status, thanks to which it has been possible to diagnose and prevent overweight, obesity and other diseases of cardiovascular and metabolic origin that drastically affect health. In the same way, healthy eating is closely related to the wellbeing of the organism. The objective of this research is to analyze the body composition in relation to the type of physical activity and food consumption in young adults between 18 - 25 years of a federation. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample of 125 athletes from 5 disciplines (Athletics, Basketball, Soccer, Swimming and Taekwondo) of both sexes (91 men and 34 women). Food consumption was identified through a survey of eating habits in which the consumption of fruits, vegetables, cereals, proteins, dairy products and fast foods was evidenced. Weight, height, BMI, and percentages of lean and fat mass were also measured using a bioimpedance scale. The statistical analysis was carried out with the statistical program SPSS and it was shown that Soccer contributes to the maintenance of the musculature in the body but the most effective discipline for the generation of a greater amount of muscle mass in the body is Swimming. In the same way, food and knowing how to choose the food we consume is also a fundamental point that goes hand in hand with sport.Item Análisis de la ingesta energética-proteica en relación a la sarcopenia en pacientes con hemodiálisis(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-22) Camino Naranjo, María de los Ángeles; Galarza Esparza, William BayardoHemodialysis increased the risk of loss muscle mass, strength and function those are the factors correlate with sarcopenia. The purpose of this research is if the energy and protein intake will be related with sarcopenia’s diagnosis. This is a cross – sectional correlational research. We have 53 participants: 16 women and 37 men. The results showed that the BMI is not enough to be a predictor of malnutrition, because of that about 66% have lost muscle mass; the variables of sex and age are dependent on the diagnosis, on that 56.6% have severe sarcopenia. Whit the analysis of energy intake (p<0.05; 95%CI:-37.0501 to - 30.1196), and protein intake (p<0.05; 95%CI:-1.96615 to -1.50555), the difference test is statistically significant. In the relationship between energy and protein intake, the result is that protein intake is related to the sarcopenia, due to the protein catabolism involved in hemodialysis treatment, so it is suggested that the participants need supplementation intradialysis or despite they do not come to the hemodialysis.Item ANTIOXIDANTES EN LA PREVENCIÓN Y TRATAMIENTO DE CÁNCER(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-25) Navas Bassante, Camila Anahys; Viteri Robayo, Carmen PatriciaCancer is considered the leading cause of death worldwide with 10 million deaths annually, the most prevalent are breast and lung cancer, and the main risk factors are overweight, smoking, sedentary lifestyle and a diet with low consumption of fruits and vegetables rich in antioxidants, Therefore, this review article has the objective of identifying the influence and relationship of the consumption of antioxidants in the prevention and treatment of cancer. For this purpose, a bibliographic review of the last 5 years was carried out in scientific databases such as Google Scholar, Scielo, PubMed, Elsevier, Web of Science. The languages used were Spanish, English and Portuguese, as a result it was obtained that oxidative stress damages DNA, which generates a process of carcinogenesis, and antioxidants have the ability to prevent oxidative stress by stabilizing free radicals, so it was concluded that antioxidants can prevent cancer if consumed from natural sources, however in their treatment there are divided opinions, so more research should be conducted in depth on the subject.Item Aplicación del screening stamp en la evaluación de malnutrición de niños de 0 a 5 años de los centros de desarrollo infantil del cantón Píllaro(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-05-01) Silva Guevara, Israel Alejandro; Bustillos Ortiz, Diana IsabelIng. MSc.In this research work, the prevalence of the diagnosis of risk of malnutrition in children from 0 to 5 years old was determined through the application of the STAMP nutritional screening and its sensitivity and reliability for its use. The sample used consisted of 47 children belonging to a child development center in the city of Píllaro who were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria determining the study. Anthropometric data on weight and height were collected and the screening was applied to the caregivers who provide food to the children in the child development center. These anthropometric data were analyzed using the WHO ANTRO system, which established growth curves and their respective standard deviations. According to the sensitivity of the screening, 60% was obtained and according to its specificity, 52%; according to the relationship established between the results of the STAMP screening and the BMI/age indicator, a chi-square was obtained with a value of p= 0.453. Finally, using the prevalence formula, of the 47 children to whom the STAMP screening was applied, 22 (46.81%) registered a low risk of malnutrition; 17 (36.17%) a medium risk of malnutrition and 8 (17.02%) a high risk of malnutrition, so that more than half of them would have the possibility of presenting child malnutrition.Item AVANCES EN GENÓMICA NUTRICIONAL Y SU USO EN LA NUTRICIÓN PERSONALIZADA PARA EL TRATAMIENTO DE LA OBESIDAD(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-10-28) Salinas Morales, Milena Stephania; Arteaga Almeida, Cristina ArteagaIntroduction: This literature review explores advances in nutritional genomics and its application in personalized nutrition to address obesity. Considering the complexity of the human genome and genetic susceptibilities to diseases like obesity, personalized nutrition emerges as a promising solution for this multifactorial disease that impacts global public health. Objective: The aim of the study is to identify the most effective nutraceuticals in personalized nutrition to mitigate or treat obesity through specific dietary adjustments based on individual genetics. Methodology: A non-systematic review of scientific literature published between 2019 and 2023 was conducted, selecting studies based on criteria of relevance, accessibility, and timeliness. Of the 82 articles evaluated, 40 met the inclusion criteria. Results: The selected studies highlight the importance of compounds such as quercetin, curcumin, resveratrol, and anthocyanins in modulating the genetic and metabolic response to obesity. These nutraceuticals have been demonstrated to be effective in reducing adiposity and related inflammation. Discussion: Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics are essential for personalizing nutrition, as individual genetic variability significantly affects the response to different diets and treatments, justifying a personalized approach that considers the specific genotype of the individual. Conclusion: Integrating nutraceuticals into the diet based on the genetic profile may be key to the effective management and treatment of obesity. Research points towards a shift to personalized nutrition, emphasizing the need for more studies and their implementation in clinical and dietary practices.Item Calidad de la dieta en relación a sobrepeso y obesidad en escolares de una Unidad Educativa del cantón Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-22) Carrasco Pérez, Victoria Monserratte; Hidalgo Morales, Kattytta PatriciaCurrently, overweight and obesity have become a public health crisis. In Latin America and the Caribbean, it is estimated that 3 out of 10 children and adolescents between the ages of 5 and 19 are overweight, which is influenced by an incorrect diet. For this reason, the present work had the objective of establishing the relationship between the quality of the diet and the presence of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren of 5th, 6th and 7th year of the Tirso de Molina Educational Unit of the Ambato Canton. For which a qualitative and quantitative approach methodology was used, of a descriptive and cross-sectional type, which included a study sample of 219 students to whom the food consumption frequency questionnaire was applied, in addition to being We took their anthropometric measurements. As a result, it was obtained that the boys presented a body mass index of 22.4 ± 2.74 and the girls 22.4 ± 2.74, at the same time it was determined that 52.7% of the students had a poor diet, that there was no significant difference in diet quality between boys and girls (p>0.05) and that there is a negative correlation between body mass index and diet quality (p<0.01: Rho= -0.345). It is concluded that the quality of the diet is related to the body mass index, since the worse the quality of the diet, the greater the weight of the students and vice versa.Item Calidad de la dieta hospitalaria en relación con los requerimientos nutricionales, en pacientes adultos mayores asilados en el hogar sagrado corazón de Jesús Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-01) Guaña Escobar, Rita Francisned; Bustillos Ortiz Ing. MSc., Diana IsabelIntroduction: An adequate nutritional contribution does not only refer to the adequate consumption of calories, but also to balance of the contribution of macronutrients and micronutrients; In elders, this premise becomes a difficult task to fulfill, due to the environment where they live and their functional situation, food intake is hindered and leads to states of malnutrition. Carrying out studies based on food intake in this population becomes essential to improve the nutritional approach and seek new dietary strategies that help the elderly population. Objective: This research is focused on studying the quality of the hospital diet in relation to nutritional requirements, in elderly patients living in the Hogar Sagrado Corazón de Jesús Ambato. Methodology: We worked with a population of 54 older adults from the stated institution, their nutritional requirements were calculated by applying the Müller formula with an activity factor plus food thermogenics, in addition a three-day data collection was carried out in the which the food supply of the elderly was analyzed, and finally a crossover of variables was carried out to verify the hypothesis. Results: Having a baseline of the nutritional status of the population, it was evidenced that 50% of the elderly showed low weight and only 31.5% had an adequate weight. In relation to these data, when evaluating food intake, it was determined that 57.4% had a deficient consumption of calories, 38.9% protein, and 66.7% carbohydrates. Conclusion: It was concluded that the nutrient intake in elders living in Hogar Sagrado Corazón de Jesús Ambato does not reach the nutritional requirements of each one.Item Calidad de sueño y el estado nutricional en docentes de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-22) Chauca Toapanta, Veronica Natali; Zuñiga Sanchez, Valeria MonserrathPoor sleep quality has negative effects on health due to alterations in metabolism. The objective of the study was to identify the relationship between sleep quality and nutritional status of teachers of the Universidad Tecnica de Ambato, through anthropometric and dietary assessment. The study was a descriptive observational cross-sectional study, where the sample consisted of 38 teachers between 29 and 59 years of age. Two questionnaires were used for the study: the Pittsburgh sleep quality index and the food consumption frequency questionnaire according to the IASE healthy eating index. The statistical analysis was performed in the IBM SPSS Statistics 2021 program, where it was found that 65.8% of the study sample had poor sleep quality, while 44.7% were overweight and 5.3% obese, measured by body mass index (BMI); likewise, body fat percentage, body fat area, waist circumference were altered, all of which shows that most teachers have altered body composition. The 94.7% presented a diet in need of change and 5.3% an unhealthy diet, that is to say, the total population has inadequate eating habits. No statistical significance was found between sleep quality and body composition (p>0.05), however, a close relationship was observed in the percentage of body fat (p 0.06). When sleep quality was related to diet, the same result was obtained. Consequently, although there was no statistically significant relationship between nutritional status and sleep quality, important trends were observed.Item Caracterización del estado nutricional, eventos alimentarios y actividad física en estudiantes de nivelación de la facultad ciencias de la salud(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-05-01) Caisaguano Vega, Marcia Yadira; Viteri Robayo, Carmen Patricia PhD.La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar el estado nutricional, en función de los eventos alimentarios y actividad física en estudiantes de nivelación de la Facultad Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato, pertenecientes al período Abril 2023 – Septiembre 2023. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo y de corte trasversal, se obtuvo una muestra de 117 estudiantes, y se aplicó los cuestionarios: “Cuestionario de Hábitos Alimentarios de Universitarios” y “Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ)”. Además, se tomó las medidas antropométricas de peso, talla y porcentaje de grasa corporal. Para el análisis estadístico se digitalizó la información en el programa de Microsoft Excel 2016, y fueron analizadas en el programa estadístico IBM SPSS Statistics 21. En los resultados el 49,6% indicaron consumir los alimentos 3 veces al día, la comida del desayuno es el evento alimentario que más omiten. La comida más consumida en media mañana son las frutas (enteras o en preparaciones) y/o frutos secos y en media tarde el agua natural. El 61,5% de estudiantes presentaron un nivel de actividad física bajo y 8 de estos estudiantes presentan hábito de sedentarismo. El 71,8% de estudiantes presentaron estado nutricional normal, de estos una mayor proporción (36,8%) presentaron un porcentaje de grasa corporal inadecuado.Item Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas en relación al etiquetado nutricional. Un estudio de revisión(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-10-02) Guevara Peñafiel, Jéssica Andrea; Viteri Robayo, Carmen PatriciaNutrition labeling fulfills the function of providing consumers with detailed information about the nutritional value of the product and the level of certain additives such as sugar, salt and fats; this with the aim of safeguarding global public health through the guided purchase of food and the acquisition of better diets. Based on this premise, the development of a descriptive non-systematic review article is presented, whose main objective is to investigate and interpret the scientific information available on knowledge, attitudes and practices related to nutrition labeling from bibliographic material collected from repositories such as: Scopus, Scielo, Taylor and Francis, Google Scholar, Bvs, Medline and Web of Science. Among the results obtained, it is highlighted that according to the recommendations of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, it is recommended to encourage the use of nutrition labeling through the implementation of awareness campaigns and educational programs, in order to generate from an early age the adherence to healthy diets and increase positive attitudes and practices through the correct interpretation of the information presented on food products with greater emphasis on those processed and ultra-processed products.Item CONOCIMIENTOS, ACTITUDES Y PRÁCTICAS RESPECTO AL ETIQUETADO NUTRICIONAL Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA ELECCIÓN DE ALIMENTOS EN ESTUDIANTES DE LA FCS DE LA UTA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-27) Pazmiño Morales, Rachel Tamara; Quiroga Torres, Tannia ElizabethIntroduction: Food choice is essential for the health of populations. Strategies such as food product labeling standards could help consumers have clear information about the foods they consume. Objective: Analyze the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices on nutritional labeling and its relationship with food choices in UTA FCS students. Methodology: The study is an observational descriptive crosssectional survey type. It has a study population of 1,413 students belonging to the Medicine and Physical Therapy majors, from which a sample of 225 people was extracted considering a 6% margin of error and a standardized value of 1.96. Results: It was concluded that there is a relationship between practices regarding nutritional labeling and the food choice of processed and ultra-processed foods (p value=0.005).Item Conocimientos, actitudes, prácticas alimentarias y estado nutricional en embarazadas, revisión bibliográfica(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-10-02) Vásquez Quishpe, Evelyn Tatiana; Guanga Lara, Verónica ElizabethIntroduction: according to the World Health Organization, the bio-psycho-social balance that defines the health of pregnant women should be accompanied by a sufficient, quality diet and knowledge of the elements of a healthy lifestyle before, during and after pregnancy. Objective: To carry out a literature review on the relationship between knowledge, attitudes and dietary practices practices with the nutritional status of pregnant women. Methodology: a literature review was carried out based on information of 57 original articles, reviews, case studies, books, books, practice guidelines, etc. case studies, books, clinical practice guidelines, from databases such as Pubmed, Web of Science, Scielo. Results: The knowledge, attitudes and dietary practices that influence the nutritional status of the pregnant woman were maternal care, nutritional status assessment, weight gain, micronutrient requirement and supplementation, micronutrient requirements and supplementation, nutritional counseling with emphasis on breastfeeding and comprehensive childbirth and integrated childbirth practices, immunization, strengthening of the microbiota. Conclusion: Knowledge, attitudes and dietary practices influence the nutritional status of the pregnant woman and her future child, they are determined by an adequate dietary education and nutritional counseling which helps us to know their benefits, have a good attitude and practice them, maintaining maternal and child health, avoiding complications in the short, medium and long term.Item CONSUMO DE COMIDA ULTRA PROCESADA Y MANIFESTACIÓN DE ENFERMEDADES CRÓNICAS NO TRANSMISIBLES A EDAD TEMPRANA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-27) Ponce Campos, Jefferson Alexis; Bustillos Ortiz, Diana IsabelUltra-processed foods, composed of multiple industrial ingredients and additives, are associated with the early development of non-transmissible chronic diseases such as overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. These are determined by genetic, physiological, environmental factors, and inappropriate eating habits. The inappropriate eating habits plays an important role in the choice of these products. Similarly, it´s shown that genes are related in the preference for foods rich in fats, sugars, and salt due to the aim to achieve satiety, which affects individual inclination towards these foods. In that way, these lead to a decrease in the consumption of natural and healthy foods from childhood. On the other hand, food marketing, through strategies that increase accessibility and create a constant presence in everyday environments such as supermarkets and vending machines, promotes the acquisition of these products, especially among young people and children with limited budgets. Thus, this contributes to their excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods from an early age. This study underscores the need to implement educational, regulatory, and awareness measures in order to counteract the growing consumption of ultra-processed foods from childhood. Promoting a balanced and nutritious diet from an early age is crucial to prevent the development of non-transmissible chronic diseases and to promote a healthy lifestyle throughout the life.