Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Optimización de la geometría de la vía desde el puente Yanayacu hasta Píllaro entre las abs 0+000 – 4+875 perteneciente a la provincia Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil., 2025-02) Yanchaguano Sanchez, Jenny Maribel; Aldás Sánchez, Milton RodrigoGiven the transportation difficulties faced by the residents of the San Andrés parish, this project proposes to substantially improve the road infrastructure in this area. By optimizing the road that connects the Yanayacu bridge with Píllaro between sections 0+000 and 4+875, productive and tourist activities will be facilitated, generating new development opportunities for the Tungurahua sector. The project was structured into three main phases. The first phase corresponded to the preliminary studies, which included fieldwork such as topographic surveys and vehicle counts to determine the ADT of the road. Subsequently, in the second phase, soil studies were conducted, including destructive and non-destructive tests, to characterize the physical and mechanical properties of the soil, as well as the pavement deflections. Finally, in the third phase, using the data obtained in the previous phases, the geometry of the road was redesigned, taking into account the newly calculated TPDA, the soil characteristics, and the applicable technical standards. In this phase, the horizontal, vertical, and transverse design was defined, as well as the other geometric elements. Additionally, a budget was prepared that includes all the costs associated with the construction of the new road, thus ensuring the project's viability. The topographic analysis revealed a mountainous terrain with steep slopes, while the traffic study classified the road as class I. The soil tests indicated a sandy loam material with a CBR of 19.18 percent suitable for subgrade. The results of the deflection measurements with the Benkelman beam showed that 89 percent of the evaluated track length needs reconstruction. Based on these results, the pavement structure was redesigned, consisting of a 7.5 cm asphalt layer, a 15 cm base, and a 20 cm subbase. Finally, the estimated budget calculated for this project was $1´686,962.16Item Diagnóstico visual y estructural del pavimento de la vía comprendida desde el barrio Dos Acequias hasta el ingreso del centro de la parroquia San José de Poaló, longitud de intervención 4+220km, perteneciente a la parroquia San José de Poaló, del cantón Santiago de Píllaro(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-08) Chiliquinga Sánchez, Juan Carlos; Chérrez Gavilanes, Diego SebastiánThe road from Barrio Dos Acequias to the entrance to the center of the San José De Poaló parish is one of the roads that stand out the most for its high dairy and agricultural productivity, but its section of road is in a non-optimal state, which is why This is why a thorough study of the place has been carried out. For this reason, the project was analyzed in three phases: first, a topographic survey was carried out, vehicle traffic data was collected with a projected 1,347 veh/day, classifying it as a class II collector road. As a second step, the study of soils was evaluated by moisture content, granulometry, Atterberg limits, Modified Proctor type B and CBR, obtaining according to the SUCS Standard a silty sand type soil (SM), and according to the AASHTO type (A -2-4) a silt or clayey gravel and sand soil. Furthermore, according to the Pavement Condition Index (PCI), it was classified as good - fair for periodic maintenance from the abscissa 0+000 to 2+000 and with a very good classification, for routine maintenance 2+000 to the abscissa 4+220. On the other hand, the structural behavior of the Benkelman Beam was good for both the subgrade and the pavement condition. Finally, for the third phase, a maintenance plan was proposed according to the results obtained with its respective reference budget of $75,143 US dollars and 98 cents. KEYItem Diseño de un plan de conservación de la estructura de la capa de rodadura de la antigua panamericana Lasso ABS 317+000 – 322+000 de la provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Cárdenas Llumitasig, Luigui Fernando; Chérrez Gavilanes, Diego SebastiánThis research project is based on the lack of conservation management of the old PanAmerican Highway E35 in the Lasso sector; the road has different anomalies in the pavement, which, if not maintained in a timely manner, would cause inconveniences to the population of the sector. In the study of the structure of the wearing course, a georeferenced survey of the road was carried out with the help of GNSS RTK HI-TARGET V30 equipment, a volumetric traffic count, evaluation of the physical components present on the road, field and laboratory tests to determine the pavement structure and soil composition, and a visual inspection to determine the level of damage to the wearing course and its structural behavior. These analyses made it possible to determine the traffic performance of the road, classifying it as an RI - RII (2) Arterial Corridor. The average CBR was also calculated at 66.6 percent, which classifies it as good, suitable for base use. The soil composition shows a high content of poorly graded sands, a wearing course that is rated as good with an average PCI (Pavement Condition Index) score of 64.65 points. The Benkelman beam shows Type I deflections, which correspond to adequate structural behavior. As a result, a conservation plan for the road is proposed based on the current damages evaluated in the structure of the wearing course, offering solutions for a correct rehabilitation, conservation and maintenance of the road.Item Evaluación superficial y estructural del pavimento de la av. Pitágoras desde el redondel de Terremoto Km 0+000 hasta el caserío San Luis km 4+000 de la parroquia Picaihua del cantón Ambato provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Villegas Freire, Lucero del Belen; Moreira Cedeño, Fricson LutgardoThe road infrastructure of a city is an indispensable part for the economic and social development, therefore, the respective studies were carried out, determining that the road of the sector under study is currently in poor condition, which affects the safety, stability and reliability of the user. For this purpose, we began with a study of the current and projected TPDA; subsequently, the PCI of 15 sample units was determined and the Benkelman Beam test was performed at 9 points; the following tests were also carried out: DCP, abrasion, granulometry, Atterberg limits and CBR. Finally, a maintenance plan was proposed by sections based on track damage. As a result, in 20 years the road will be classified as a class I collector with a projected TPDA of 4,976 vehicles/day. As for the PCI, it was determined that from the 0+000 to the 2+730 abscissa it is in poor condition, for this reason, rehabilitation was proposed; however, from the 2+730 to the 4+000 abscissa it is in good condition, therefore, it only requires maintenance. On the other hand, with the Benkelman beam, it was determined that the first section has type III deflection, while the second has type I deflection. On the other hand, with the aforementioned tests it was identified that the road is made up of a granular layer corresponding to a class 4 base and a subgrade made up of silty sand. Finally, the budget required for maintenance is US $507,274.55.Item Diseño de un plan de conservación de la estructura de la capa de rodadura de la vía Salasaka – Picaihua ABS 4+500 – 9+000 de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-09) Chávez Pazmiño, Bryan Fabricio; Chérrez Gavilanes, Diego SebastiánIn the province of Tungurahua, which is known for its great commercial capacity, and also for being a province located in the center of the country, the road that connects the sectors of Salasaka - Picaihua, is affected by the constant heavy traffic, for this reason it is appropriate to have a specific conservation and maintenance plan or program to mitigate damage to the wearing course and reduce its deterioration. In this project, a conservation plan for the wearing course was designed, where initially a topographic survey was carried out using GPS and a total station. Subsequently, a vehicular traffic study was carried out by locating a twelve-hour vehicle counting station for seven days, and the road was classified as a class I collector road (MTOP). The physical components of the pavement were evaluated using the visual method "Pavement Condition Method (PCI)", where the type of failure and the existing severity were identified. An average PCI of 37.47 was determined, showing that the pavement condition is "Poor". The deflections measured by means of the Benkelman Beam test, made it possible to classify them as Type III deflections. Subsequently, soil samples were taken in situ, to later take them to the laboratory, for the corresponding analysis, where it was obtained that the soil belonging to the area was classified as gravel with silty sand. On the other hand, the design CBR obtained was 21 percent, indicating that it is a "Very good - Excellent" type soil. Taking into account the results obtained, it is proposed to carry out a road rehabilitation. The referential budget to carry out the respective rehabilitation of the road section corresponds to a total of $ 629.741,83.Item Diseño de un plan de conservación de la estructura de la capa de rodadura de la vía Salasaka – Picaihua ABS 0+000 – 4+500 de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-09) Arellano Barahona, Luis Alfredo; Guevara Robalino, Jorge JavierThe roads, as well as their infrastructure, provide an indispensable base worldwide in order to provide the functioning of all economies. Its extension includes millions of kilometers, which is why it is essential to adequately preserve the respective infrastructure, this in order to preserve and increase the economic, social, and cultural benefits, among others. The Tungurahua Road network leads to being one of the fundamental pillars for the promotion of productivity, for which the generated project provided a maintenance plan for the study road, in which technical studies were carried out such as the lifting of the via georeferencing, the study of vehicular traffic, as well as the respective standardized soil and field tests to determine the condition of the pavement on the road. It was concluded, calculating in the traffic quantification, that the road under study is classified as a type II collector which is located on an excellent subgrade according to 21.61 percent of the CBR, composed mainly of silty sands with poorly graded gravel in terms of its structure. It was calculated that the road under study is in poor condition with a rating of 35.87 points based on the PCI and presented type III deflections in the asphalt layer. A maintenance plan was proposed, according to the damage to the road, providing solutions that allow its conservation and rehabilitation, with a budget of 624,668 dollars and 38 cents.Item Diseño de un plan de conservación de la estructura de la capa de rodadura de la vía Pinguilí-Rosal-Yanahurco en el tramo de la ABSCISA K4+000 a K8+000 perteneciente al cantón Mocha, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-09) Oleas Córdova, Iván Moisés; Aldás Sánchez, Milton RodrigoSeeing and understanding that the section of road studied is not in an optimal state, thus hindering access, communication, and connectivity in the area, with this technical project we seek to propose a conservation plan for the structure of the layer rolling. For this, first, a georeferenced survey was carried out, using RTK, with this we determined the dimensions of the road, in addition to highlighting key points, such as ditches, storm sewers and other sections. Subsequently, a manual count and typing of the vehicles was carried out, a process that was carried out for a week in a period from 06:00 to 18:00, for the subsequent calculation of the TPDA. As a next step, we proceeded with the taking of soil samples, making test pits, which were excavated two for each kilometer of track studied, the material obtained was transferred to the laboratory to be later tested. A visual inspection of the road was carried out, a process with which we identified and classified the different types of damage existing in the surface layer to determine PCI. After that, the respective test was carried out with the Benkelman beam whose main objective is to determine the deflections of the pavement. With all the processes carried out previously, we came to establish that the road needs routine maintenance that will help prolong its useful life, helping to maintain in optimal condition such a vital heritage for the interconnection of the parishes.Item Diseño de un plan de conservación de la estructura de la capa de rodadura de la vía Picaihua – Chiquicha de la ABS 0+000 hasta 4+700 de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-09) Tenelema Guaita, William Javier; Guevara Robalino, Jorge JavierDue to the importance of the road that connects the parishes of Picaihua with Chiquicha, it has been necessary to improve the quality of the asphalt pavement, because it is used for the transportation of people and their products; therefore, a design of a conservation plan for the structure of the wearing course is proposed; For this purpose, a topographic survey was carried out with the RTK high precision equipment, using the Civil 3D program, a plan of the implementation of the road was obtained, then the vehicle counting station was established twelve hours a day for seven days, in which the vehicular mobility was analyzed, the future traffic was calculated with a projection of 20 years and the road was classified as a class II collector road according to the (MTOP). For the current pavement study, a visual test was used through the pavement condition index method, identifying the type of failure and level of severity. An average PCI of 60.67 percent was obtained indicating that the pavement quality is "Good". General deflections were measured using the Benkelman Beam, which allowed for the classification of the deflections present as Type I. A soil study of the road under study was also carried out, taking in situ disturbed samples for laboratory analysis. As a result, the soil was classified as silty sand, resulting in an average CBR of 36.42 percent, which belongs to a good quality subbase. Considering the results, the use of a Periodic type of maintenance plan is proposed, with a proposed budget of $34,749.77.Item Diseño de un plan de conservación de la estructura de la capa de rodadura de la vía Picaihua – Chiquicha de la ABS 4+700 hasta 9+400 de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Vega Martínez, Fabricio Adrián; Guevara Robalino, Jorge JavierDue to the importance of the road that connects the Picaihua Parish with Chiquicha, it has been necessary to maintain its good condition of the road surface, being the main road used by many residents for their different daily activities and the economic growth of the place; therefore, the design of a conservation plan for the surface layer structure will be carried out; For this, first a topographical survey was carried out with a GPS RTK, the implementation of the road and its respective plan were obtained using the appropriate software, later a vehicular count point of 12 hours/day for 7 days was established, the vehicular mobility, future traffic was calculated with a 20-year projection and the highway was classified as a class III collector according to the (MTOP). For the current study of the pavement, a visual test was used through the pavement condition method, identifying the type of failure and degree of severity. The PCI average of 64.00 percent was obtained, indicating that the quality of the pavement is "GOOD". The general deflections were measured using the benkelman beam, which allowed classifying the deflections present as Type I. On the other hand, the study of soils in the area was carried out, taking altered samples in situ for laboratory analysis. As a result, the soil was classified as Sand-Silty, resulting in an average CBR of 15.19 percent, which belongs to a "Regular to Good" quality subgrade. Considering the results, the use of a periodic type maintenance plan with a budget of $19497.96 is proposed.Item Proceso de conservación de la estructura del pavimento asfáltico las vías Patate - Baños, Pelileo - Patate Cevallos – Mocha y Ambato - Tisaleo pertenecientes a la red intercantonal de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Sánchez López, Josafat Alejandro; Frías Torres, Alex XavierIn Ecuador there are problems related to the poor condition of roads due to the neglect of road maintenance policies by national and regional institutions, in order to provide comfort and safety to users, in addition to promoting the economy of the various cantons that are connected through the Patate-Baños, Pelileo-Patate, Cevallos - Mocha and Ambato- Tisaleo roads of the Intercantonal network of Tungurahua, a project was carried out to generate a road maintenance process. For this purpose, a bibliographic review of technical documentation was carried out in order to obtain a vision of the current state of the pavement with the help of the visual test called Pavement Condition Index PCI, identifying the type of faults present, their degree of severity and quantities, on the other hand, by means of the data obtained from the Benkelman beam test, the type of deflection that each road presents was analyzed. As results, it was obtained that the roads are in a range from "Good" to "Excellent", being the most representative faults Crocodile Skin, Longitudinal and Transversal Cracking, Detachment of Aggregates and Block Cracking, which require periodic maintenance for the most part, through the Benkelman beam the deflection in the pavement is Type I and Type III, finally, an analysis of unit prices with their respective technical specifications was performed where a referential budget of $ 34. 601.36 dollars according to the type of failures and quantities obtained from the PCI.