Carrera de Biotecnología
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/34800
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Item Análisis de la actividad antiinflamatoria y agregación plaquetaria compuestos bioactivos del extracto etanólico de Cedrón (Aloysia citrodora paláu)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Valencia Armas, Joselin Gabriela; Pérez Aldás, Lander VinicioCurrently, access to large medical treatments is a global challenge, which drives a renewed interest in traditional medicine and medicinal plants, however, the lack of scientific studies limits their acceptance in public health. This research analyzes the bioactive compounds of the ethanolic extract of cedron (Aloysia citrodora Paláu) for its anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet aggregation activity. The cedron plant, also known as verbena, confers a range of therapeutic uses including the reduction of inflammation and protection against oxidative stress. Wherein, gallic acid reduces inflammation, while quercetin exhibits anticoagulant properties. The extraction yield was 17.01 percent, and the content of total phenols and flavonoids was found to decrease as the extract was diluted, with maximum values of 163.45 milligram (mg) over gram (g) and 99.12 mg over g, respectively, at the highest concentration. In terms of anti-inflammatory activity, the cedron extract showed an inhibition of albumin denaturation of 61.85 percent, lower than diclofenac (95.1 percent), but comparable as it is diluted. In addition, the extract inhibited platelet aggregation similarly to the control drug at all concentrations tested. The flavonoids and phenols present in the ethanolic extract of cedron exhibit significant anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet aggregation activity, standing out as a natural alternative. These findings contribute to the development of new organic products and to the growth of the Flor Andina company.Item Evaluación de la capacidad antioxidante y antiinflamatoria de un extracto obtenido a partir de la seda de maíz (Zea mays)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Ulpo Galarza, Nayeli Narcisa; Fernández Rivero, DanaeThe lack of knowledge of the bioactive properties of agroindustrial residues represents a potential waste of valuable natural resources. In Ecuador, around 1.38 million tons of corn are produced annually, equivalent to millions of kilograms of silk, a by-product discarded during corn harvesting. Faced with this challenge, new alternatives have been explored for using corn silk native to the Sierra region as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. In this study, silk extracts were obtained from a three-factor experimental design, where ethanol concentration, extraction time, and solvent mass to volume ratio were evaluated. The phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the treatment with 70 percent ethanol for 30 minutes and a mass and solvent volume ratio of 1 in 30 was established as the extract with the highest phenolic content of 69,903 milligram gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry weight. The antioxidant capacity of the best extract was evaluated by DPPH assay, where 71.185 percent inhibition was obtained. The anti-inflammatory activity was performed using the albumin denaturation assay, where the inhibition showed percentages from 14.988 to 54.787. The analyses carried out revealed that corn silk contains a significant amount of phenolic compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting that this agro-industrial waste could be valorized in the pharmaceutical and cosmetological industry, in order to promote the use of natural resources.Item Evaluación de la actividad antioxidante y antiinflamatoria de carotenoides microencapsulados a partir de los residuos de la naranjilla (Solanum quitoense)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Sailema Criollo, Anthony Erick; López Hernández, Orestes DaríoThe percentage of food waste has due to the fact that companies do not correctly use the entire product. Consequently, research has been carried out in order to take advantage of these waste, highlighting naranjilla for its high nutritional content, particularly carotenoids, a bioactive compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties capable of preventing various diseases. In the present study, carotenoid extraction was performed out at different plant material/solvent ratios and extraction times. A statistical analysis was then applied to optimize the two factors, obtaining a concentration of 2,287 mg per liter. Next, it was microencapsulated with a polymeric combination of gum arabic and maltodextrin. Subsequently, the microencapsulation efficiency was evaluated qualitatively by FT-IR and quantitatively with 91,74 percent efficiency. The antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH method, achieving an inhibition percentage of 63,00 and 49,52 for the extract and the microencapsulate, respectively. Finally, the anti-inflammatory capacity was evaluated with an inhibition percentage of 56,42 for the extract and 41,42 in the microencapsulated. The results obtained indicate that the higher the concentration of carotenoids in the sample, the better results will be achieved. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to take advantage of the residues of naranjilla with a high content of carotenoids with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can be used in new products of industrial interest.Item Evaluación de la capacidad antioxidante y antiinflamatoria de polifenoles microencapsulados procedentes de los residuos de tamarindo (Tamarindus indica)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Mendoza García, Damaris Katiusca; López Hernández, Orestes DaríoTamarindus indica is a fruit widely used in the production of various commercial products, generating a large amount of agroindustrial waste per year. Tamarind seeds represent a source for obtaining bioactive compounds of interest such as polyphenols. The present study seeks to take advantage of these wastes by determining the optimal conditions for extraction and microencapsulation of polyphenols to evaluate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity. The influence of extraction time and solvent concentration on obtaining polyphenols was studied. The best extraction conditions were at a solvent concentration of 53 percent for a time of 80 minutes, providing a polyphenol content of 516.521 mg GAE per gram of plant material. Spray-drying microencapsulation using maltodextrin as the encapsulating agent evidenced a percentage efficiency of 87.066 percent. The efficiency of microencapsulation was also evaluated by means of infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The DPPH method was applied to establish the antioxidant potential of the extract and microencapsulation, reaching values of 80.085 percent and 48.916 percent, respectively. Finally, the anti-inflammatory activity was determined through the percentage of inhibition of the denaturation of egg albumin and bovine serum albumin (BSA), obtaining inhibition percentages in each of the concentrations studied. The results obtained in this research show the potential of tamarind residuals with biological activities and their possible application in different industries.Item Evaluación de la vida útil de un extracto obtenido de la cáscara de piña (Ananas comosus) con propiedades antioxidantes y antiinflamatorias(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-02) Nuñez Ambato, Erika Fernanda; Fernández Rivero, DanaeConsidering the growing interest in the utilization of agricultural waste, pineapple peel stands out as a rich source of bioactive compounds. The need to replace synthetic antioxidants and anti-inflammatories, associated with health risks, emphasizes the importance of exploring natural sources. Additionally, the assessment of shelf life is crucial to ensure the stability and efficacy of the extract over time. The extraction process began using ethanol and distilled water as solvents in different proportions. The concentration of polyphenols was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, demonstrating that the ethanol treatment was the most efficient. Total flavonoid evaluation was performed on the extract with the highest polyphenol concentration using the colorimetric method of aluminum chloride. Furthermore, the analysis of antioxidant activity was conducted through the DPPH assay, resulting in an inhibition percentage of 52.27 percent. The analysis of anti-inflammatory activity was also carried out using the egg albumin denaturation assay, revealing significant percentages of denaturation inhibition, reaching 73.15 percent. Stability was analyzed over a month and showed a slight increase in pH and variation in humidity, confirming the robustness of the extract. This study provides valuable information on the shelf life of pineapple peel extract, highlighting its potential as a natural source of antioxidants and anti-inflammatories. This contributes to the expansion of knowledge on the utilization of agricultural by-products and the search for natural solutions to health challenges.Item Evaluación de la actividad antioxidante y antiinflamatoria de un extracto que contiene carotenoides obtenido a partir de Capsicum annuum en dos diferentes estados de madurez(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2023-09) Chinchero Betancourt, Abigail Micaela; Fernández Rivero, DanaeThe study of natural bioactive components, especially carotenoids, is of great interest in the scientific community due to the beneficial effects they have on human health and disease prevention. Carotenoids are liposoluble pigments that in C. annuum. fruits are responsible for the specific coloration depending on the stage of maturity. There is epidemiological evidence that demonstrates their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, which is why they are competitive against antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecules of synthetic origin. Ethanolic and hydroethanolic extracts of Capsicum annuum., were obtained at two different stages of maturity (100 percent mature and a stage between 40-60 percent mature) and using ethanol solvent at 3 different concentrations (70, 80 and 96 percent). The stage of maturity was determined based on the CIELAB colorimetric scale. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring the percentage of inhibition, using the Trolox compound as a reference. And finally, anti-inflammatory activity was determined by measuring the percentage inhibition of albumin at specific concentrations. The results obtained indicate that the higher the degree of maturity, the greater the color intensity and the higher the concentration of carotenoids. The best extract was obtained with fruit at 100 percent maturity and with ethanol at a concentration of 96 percent, the total content was 225.18 milligrams of carotenoids per gram of dry weight. The higher the concentration of carotenoids, the higher the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.Item Evaluación de la actividad antioxidante y antiinflamatoria de las flores de Spartium junceum(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2023-03) Solis Mayorga, Erick Xavier; Pérez Salinas, Ruth NarcisaIn rural areas of developing countries, traditional medicine is used as the only treatment for illnesses, since it is difficult for them to go to a hospital or because they cannot afford to buy the medicines. Traditional medicine has been found to have an endless number of benefits such as antivirals, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, etc. Therefore, the present research aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of S. junceum flowers. Hydroalcoholic extracts were obtained by Soxhlet extraction and maceration with 96 percent and 70 percent ethanol, the extract by Soxhlet with 70 percent ethanol had the highest yield of 14.01 percent with a standard deviation of 3.64. The qualitative determination of secondary metabolites was developed by phytochemical assays and metabolites such as alkaloids, saponins, phenols, tannins, flavonoids and quinones were identified in different concentrations; and to verify the presence of these, infrared spectrophotometry was also performed. The antioxidant capacity was performed with the DPPH technique, where the Soxhlet extract with 70 percent ethanol obtained the highest antioxidant activity of 76.72 percent with a standard deviation of 0.01. Finally, the extracts were evaluated in the anti-inflammatory activity by inhibition of egg albumin denaturation, the highest inhibition of 76.55 percent with a standard deviation 0.05 corresponded to the Soxhlet extraction with 96 percent ethanol.Item Microencapsulación de compuestos bioactivos a partir de la raíz de cúrcuma (Curcuma longa) y jengibre (Zingiber officinale) como alternativa al uso de antinflamatorios convencionales(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2023-03) Sancho Cando, Alexis Vladimir; Fernández Rivero, DanaeThe medicinal properties of plants have been used since ancient times for the treatment and alleviation of diseases, providing until today their health benefits. The present study is focused on the anti-inflammatory properties of turmeric root and ginger, together with the microencapsulation method to enhance the bioavailability of the extracted metabolites. The optimal extraction conditions were obtained from a factorial design, where time and ethanolic concentration were evaluated. From the determination of the best extraction treatment and using spray drying technology, the bioactive compounds of the plant material were microencapsulated. The efficiency, yield and concentration of plant metabolites of the microencapsulation were evaluated. Using the Folin Ciocalteu method, the concentration of total phenols was quantified (142.37 mg AG over grams of microencapsulation), with which the percentage efficiency of the microencapsulation was determined, which was 69.87. Likewise, the concentration of total flavonoids was determined by spectrophotometry (17.93 mg QE. over grams of microencapsulation). The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by means of an in vitro protein denaturation inhibition assay. This assay used diclofenac sodium as a control, thus obtaining an inhibition percentage of 69.67% of the microencapsulation. Thus, the present research demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effect of the plants studied, in addition to the fundamental role of the microencapsulated metabolites they possess, and their applicability in the development of medicinal alternatives for the treatment of inflammatory conditions.Item Evaluación de la actividad antioxidante y antiinflamatoria de extractos obtenidos de Scenedesmus sp.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2022-09) Abril Ibarra, Zulay Alejandra; Fernández Rivero, DanaeGrowing interest for replacing synthetic molecules with natural ones has increased the demand of biological sources; it has been used like mainly source the plants; however, the microalgae represent a highly competitive strategy. Microalgae are unicellular photosynthetic microorganisms, which are easily of culture and scale. The present investigation is focused on the study of the bioactivities of Ecuadorian Scenedesmus sp. to give information about its potential like source of bioactive natural molecules. The culture of microalgae was done with a low-cost medium elaborated using BASFOLIAR (10:4:7) fertilizer and water, and the culture was exposed to continuous illumination. The hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts obtained from Scenedesmus sp. were characterized with quantitative essays for total phenols, flavonoids, and carotenoids. The high concentration of these metabolites was achieved with the extract obtained with ethanol:water 80:20 (volume:volume percentage). The extracts were evaluated for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity with 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and inhibition of denaturalization of albumin assay, respectively. Like the best results for the bioactivities were obtained 6,37 micromoles of Trolox per gram of dry weight and 41,40 percent of imbibition of DPPH radical capacity and 38,42 percent of imbibition of albumin denaturation capacity, both for the hydroethanolic extract rich in bioactive compounds.