Carrera de Biotecnología

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Start date: 2022Subject: search.filters.subject.EXTRACTOS VEGETALES

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 27
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    Evaluación de la actividad biológica de los compuestos bioactivos fenólicos del extracto etanólico de Anís (Pimpinella anisum)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02) Urbina Monroy, Diana Carolina; Pérez Aldás, Lander Vinicio
    This study evaluated the biological activity of phenolic compounds present in the ethanolic extract of Pimpinella anisum (green anise). The Soxhlet extraction method was used using 96 percent ethanol, obtaining a yield of 8 percent. The results revealed a total phenol concentration of 76.2 mg GAE per ml. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by the DPPH and ABTS methods, showing a maximum inhibition of 66.47 percent and 76.32 percent, respectively, indicating that the extracts have the potential to neutralize free radicals. In addition, the anti-inflammatory capacity was determined by denaturation of egg albumin and bovine albumin, reaching maximum inhibitions of 68 percent and 78.48 percent respectively. These results suggest that the phenolic compounds of P. anisum possess significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, comparable with other plant extracts. Statistical analysis using ANOVA and Tukey's test confirmed significant differences between the tested concentrations. The findings highlight the potential of P. anisum as a natural source of bioactive compounds with applications in various industries. Further detailed analysis is recommended to identify the specific compounds responsible for these biological activities and validate these results in vivo. The importance of implementing sustainable practices in the cultivation and harvesting of the plant to preserve its quality is also highlighted.
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    Evaluación de la capacidad antioxidante y estabilidad de un extracto obtenido a partir de residuos de hojas de la cosecha del maíz (Zea mays)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02) Puruncajas Paucar, Angel Santiago; Fernández Rivero, Danae
    Maize (Zea mays) is a major crop in Ecuador, generating high volumes of underutilized agricultural waste which, if poorly managed, could pollute the environment or have non-economic value. Maize leaves, rich in biomolecules such as chlorophyll and flavonoids, hold potential for industrial applications in food and cosmetics. This research aims to evaluate the antioxidant capacity and stability of maize leaf extracts to promote their utilization. Two extracts were prepared using 96 percent ethanol and an acetone-ethanol mixture in a 3 to 1 ratio, which were analyzed through FTIR spectrophotometry. Their antioxidant capacity was studied using the DPPH assay. The extracts were stored at different temperatures for four weeks, and their FTIR spectra and antioxidant capacity were examined. The FTIR study indicates the presence of hydroxylated compounds in both extracts, acetone extract containing more diverse groups. The antioxidant capacity was 107.15 and 104.39 micromoles of Trolox per gram of maize leaves for ethanol and acetone-ethanol extracts, respectively. The stability study showed changes in the FTIR spectra of both extracts, with an increase in the presence of new functional groups. The acetone-ethanol extract exhibited greater stability in antioxidant capacity, whereas the ethanol extract showed a significant reduction. Refrigeration proved to be the best condition for preserving antioxidant activity in both extracts.
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    Evaluación de la actividad antioxidante y el tiempo de vida útil de un extracto obtenido a partir de la mora (Rubus glaucus)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02) Culqui Arcos, Evelyn Johanna; Fernández Rivero, Danae
    In recent years, interest innatural products has increased considerably, thanks to their therapeutic properties, especially their antioxidant activity. Among these products are extracts, which can be obtained from red fruits. However, to ensure their quality, it is crucial to determine their shelf life. An outstanding example of red fruits rich innatural antioxidants with phenolic compounds is the blackberry (Rubus glaucus). In this study, blackberry extracts were obtained using a two-factor experimental design, in which ethanol concentration and extraction time were evaluated. The phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, where the results identified as the best treatment the one that presented the highest phenolic content, reaching 62.594 milligram equivalents of gallic acid per gram of dry weight, under an ethanol concentration of 50 percent and an extraction time of 20 minutes. In addition, its antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH method, obtaining an inhibition percentage of 90.544 percent. Similarly, a value of 161.003 equivalent micromoles of Trolox per gram of dry weight was recorded. Finally, the stability of the extract was analyzed for 30 days and a shelf life of 33.6540 days when stored in amber glass bottles was established using the Minitab statistical tool with a confidence level of 95 percent. Its behavior followed a first-order kinetic model, with a rate constant of 0.0031 days.
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    Evaluación de la vida útil de un extracto con polifenoles procedentes de la flor de Jamaica (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) obtenido mediante extracción asistida por ultrasonido
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02) Aldás Loma, Emily Vanessa; Fernández Rivero, Danae
    The focus on the use of natural products has grown considerably in recent years due to their therapeutic benefits, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Plant extracts represent an important source of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, which contribute directly to these properties. However, to ensure the efficacy and quality of these extracts, it is essential to determine their shelf life, since factors such as pH, humidity and storage temperature can influence the stability of these compounds. In this study, the Jamaican flower extract was obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction and the concentration of polyphenols was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, achieving a higher polyphenol content when using an ethanol concentration of 70 percent and with an extraction temperature of 50 degrees Celsius, reaching a value of 62,667 milligrams of gallic acid per gram of dry weight. Subsequently, its antioxidant capacity was evaluated through the DPPH assay, obtaining 90.886 percent inhibition, and with respect to Trolox equivalents, 221.234 micromoles per gram of dry weight were obtained. The antioxidant activity was analyzed by egg albumin denaturation assay, registering inhibition percentages between 38.642 and 62.585. Finally, the shelf life, stored in amber glass jars under refrigerated conditions, was determined to be about 32 days, fitting a first-order kinetic model with a rate constant of 0.0032 per day.
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    Análisis de la actividad antiinflamatoria y agregación plaquetaria compuestos bioactivos del extracto etanólico de Cedrón (Aloysia citrodora paláu)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Valencia Armas, Joselin Gabriela; Pérez Aldás, Lander Vinicio
    Currently, access to large medical treatments is a global challenge, which drives a renewed interest in traditional medicine and medicinal plants, however, the lack of scientific studies limits their acceptance in public health. This research analyzes the bioactive compounds of the ethanolic extract of cedron (Aloysia citrodora Paláu) for its anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet aggregation activity. The cedron plant, also known as verbena, confers a range of therapeutic uses including the reduction of inflammation and protection against oxidative stress. Wherein, gallic acid reduces inflammation, while quercetin exhibits anticoagulant properties. The extraction yield was 17.01 percent, and the content of total phenols and flavonoids was found to decrease as the extract was diluted, with maximum values of 163.45 milligram (mg) over gram (g) and 99.12 mg over g, respectively, at the highest concentration. In terms of anti-inflammatory activity, the cedron extract showed an inhibition of albumin denaturation of 61.85 percent, lower than diclofenac (95.1 percent), but comparable as it is diluted. In addition, the extract inhibited platelet aggregation similarly to the control drug at all concentrations tested. The flavonoids and phenols present in the ethanolic extract of cedron exhibit significant anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet aggregation activity, standing out as a natural alternative. These findings contribute to the development of new organic products and to the growth of the Flor Andina company.
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    Evaluación de la capacidad antioxidante y antiinflamatoria de un extracto obtenido a partir de la seda de maíz (Zea mays)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Ulpo Galarza, Nayeli Narcisa; Fernández Rivero, Danae
    The lack of knowledge of the bioactive properties of agroindustrial residues represents a potential waste of valuable natural resources. In Ecuador, around 1.38 million tons of corn are produced annually, equivalent to millions of kilograms of silk, a by-product discarded during corn harvesting. Faced with this challenge, new alternatives have been explored for using corn silk native to the Sierra region as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. In this study, silk extracts were obtained from a three-factor experimental design, where ethanol concentration, extraction time, and solvent mass to volume ratio were evaluated. The phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the treatment with 70 percent ethanol for 30 minutes and a mass and solvent volume ratio of 1 in 30 was established as the extract with the highest phenolic content of 69,903 milligram gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry weight. The antioxidant capacity of the best extract was evaluated by DPPH assay, where 71.185 percent inhibition was obtained. The anti-inflammatory activity was performed using the albumin denaturation assay, where the inhibition showed percentages from 14.988 to 54.787. The analyses carried out revealed that corn silk contains a significant amount of phenolic compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting that this agro-industrial waste could be valorized in the pharmaceutical and cosmetological industry, in order to promote the use of natural resources.
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    Identificación de la capacidad biológica del extracto etanólico de hojas de menta (Mentha arvensis)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Paredes Manzano, Johnny Andrés; Pérez Aldás, Lander Vinicio
    The use of natural substances derived from medicinal plants has been a widespread practice throughout history, offering valuable therapeutic alternatives. In Ecuador, a megadiverse country with a rich flora, there is a growing interest in exploring these plants as sources of bioactive compounds for medical and pharmaceutical applications. This work focuses on the evaluation of the biological properties of the ethanolic extract of mint leaves (Mentha arvensis) in Ecuador, in order to study its potential as a source of natural bioactive compounds and explore its therapeutic application. The ethanolic extract of mint leaves was obtained by the Soxhlet method whose yield was 14.55 percent. The determination of total phenols was performed by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay and the evaluation of its antioxidant activity by the DPPH and ABTS assays. In addition, its anti-inflammatory capacity was evaluated by protein denaturation assays (egg albumin and bovine albumin). The results obtained showed that the extract of M. arvensis has a high content of total phenols of 57.59 mg GAE per gran of extract, and also exhibits a significant antioxidant activity of 86.36 and 82.78 percent for the DPPH and ABTS assays respectively, being a potential as a source of natural antioxidant agents. Likewise, a remarkable anti-inflammatory activity of 67.54 and 71.31 percent was observed for the egg albumin and bovine albumin denaturation assays respectively, indicating to be effective in the treatment of inflammatory conditions.
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    Determinación de la actividad biológica de los compuestos bioactivos del extracto etanólico de Hierba Luisa (Cymbopogon citratus)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Molina Alomaliza, Joselyn Stefany; Pérez Aldás, Lander Vinicio
    Cymbopogon citratus, commonly known as Lemongrass, is a herbaceous plant of the Poaceae family native to tropical and subtropical regions. Widely valued in traditional medicine, multiple therapeutic properties are attributed to it, including antispasmodic, antimicrobial, antitussive, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and sedative effects. Although the scientific evidence that supports these benefits is still limited and it is unknown if they would have the same composition in Ecuadorian territory. Furthermore, Lemongrass is not considered a substitute for conventional medical treatments, more research is required to confirm its medicinal properties. In this study, the biological activity of the bioactive compounds from the ethanolic extract of Lemongrass was evaluated. The ethanolic extract of C. citratus was extracted using the Soxhlet method. Subsequently, a stock solution was prepared by dissolving 1 g of extract in 100 mL of distilled water, obtaining dilutions of 1:10, 1:100 and 1:1000 used in all tests. Total phenolic properties were measured with the Folin-Ciocalteu method, reaching 76.24 mg GAE per g of extract at the highest concentration. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated using the DPPH and ABTS methods, obtaining the maximum values of 459.81 and 690.35 mgTE per g of extract, respectively. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory capacity, two methods were used: egg albumin denaturation and bovine serum albumin denaturation. Both confirmed the anti-inflammatory activity of the extract, with the egg albumin method being superior in sensitivity and reproducibility. This study highlights medicinal properties of C. citratus, reaffirming its potential in pharmacological applications.
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    Evaluación de la vida útil de un extracto con propiedades antioxidantes obtenido de hojas de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Aguilar Sisalema, Jennifer Victoria; Fernández Rivero, Danae
    Interest in the use of natural products has increased in recent years due to the therapeutics proprieties they can have on health, one of them being antioxidant activity. Among these products are extracts that can be made from plant waste; however, to ensure their quality, it is necessary to determine their shelf life. One of waste with antioxidants of natural origin, specifically phenolic compounds, are blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) leaves. Ultrasound-assisted extraction was used to obtain the extract, where the use of a 70 percent ethanol concentration, a ratio of 1 gram of plant matter to 10 milliliters of solvent and a temperature of 50 degrees Celsius made it possible to obtain a higher concentration of phenolic compounds with a value of 136,85 milligrams of gallic acid per gram of dry weight. Subsequently, its antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH method, where an inhibition of 80,78 percent was recorded, while in Trolox equivalents it was 476,93 micromoles per gram of dry weight, which is considered as a high antioxidant activity of this plant species. Finally, the shelf life on the extract when stored in amber glass jars at a refrigeration temperature ranging from 2 to 8 degrees Celsius was found to be 2,02 weeks, following first order kinetic modelling with a rate constant of 0,0413 per week.
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    Evaluación de la capacidad cicatrizante in vivo de formas farmacéuticas elaboradas con extracto etanólico de hojas de matico (Eupatorium glutinosum)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-02) Viracucha Chavez, Ketsi Lizbeth; Fernández Rivero, Danae
    Wounds represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Despite current options such as dressings and topical medications, a more effective and affordable treatment is being sought. Its approach can be carried out through the alternative use of traditional medicine plants. Matico (Eupatorium glutinosum) has demonstrated antimicrobial and healing properties, suggesting its potential in cosmetic products. However, its stability is compromised by external factors such as humidity and light. Obtaining the extract allowed microencapsulation to be carried out by spray drying with gum arabic and maltodextrin. Two pharmaceutical forms were prepared: a cream and a matico hydrogel. In addition, quality control tests, determinations of phenols, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity were carried out. The wound was treated with the pharmaceutical forms and the extract in 5 experimental groups for 14 days. In the in vivo test, the healing capacity of the 5 experimental groups was evaluated, where the group of rats (Rattus norvergicus) treated with matico cream was identified as the most effective, evidenced by the lowest percentage of the wound area, with 1 .3 percent in the seventh.