Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/412

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Evaluación de la actividad biológica de los compuestos bioactivos fenólicos del extracto etanólico de Anís (Pimpinella anisum)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02)
Urbina Monroy, Diana Carolina
;
Pérez Aldás, Lander Vinicio
This study evaluated the biological activity of phenolic compounds present in the ethanolic extract of Pimpinella anisum (green anise). The Soxhlet extraction method was used using 96 percent ethanol, obtaining a yield of 8 percent. The results revealed a total phenol concentration of 76.2 mg GAE per ml. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by the DPPH and ABTS methods, showing a maximum inhibition of 66.47 percent and 76.32 percent, respectively, indicating that the extracts have the potential to neutralize free radicals. In addition, the anti-inflammatory capacity was determined by denaturation of egg albumin and bovine albumin, reaching maximum inhibitions of 68 percent and 78.48 percent respectively. These results suggest that the phenolic compounds of P. anisum possess significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, comparable with other plant extracts. Statistical analysis using ANOVA and Tukey's test confirmed significant differences between the tested concentrations. The findings highlight the potential of P. anisum as a natural source of bioactive compounds with applications in various industries. Further detailed analysis is recommended to identify the specific compounds responsible for these biological activities and validate these results in vivo. The importance of implementing sustainable practices in the cultivation and harvesting of the plant to preserve its quality is also highlighted.
Identificación de la capacidad biológica del extracto etanólico de hojas de menta (Mentha arvensis)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08)
Paredes Manzano, Johnny Andrés
;
Pérez Aldás, Lander Vinicio
The use of natural substances derived from medicinal plants has been a widespread practice throughout history, offering valuable therapeutic alternatives. In Ecuador, a megadiverse country with a rich flora, there is a growing interest in exploring these plants as sources of bioactive compounds for medical and pharmaceutical applications. This work focuses on the evaluation of the biological properties of the ethanolic extract of mint leaves (Mentha arvensis) in Ecuador, in order to study its potential as a source of natural bioactive compounds and explore its therapeutic application. The ethanolic extract of mint leaves was obtained by the Soxhlet method whose yield was 14.55 percent. The determination of total phenols was performed by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay and the evaluation of its antioxidant activity by the DPPH and ABTS assays. In addition, its anti-inflammatory capacity was evaluated by protein denaturation assays (egg albumin and bovine albumin). The results obtained showed that the extract of M. arvensis has a high content of total phenols of 57.59 mg GAE per gran of extract, and also exhibits a significant antioxidant activity of 86.36 and 82.78 percent for the DPPH and ABTS assays respectively, being a potential as a source of natural antioxidant agents. Likewise, a remarkable anti-inflammatory activity of 67.54 and 71.31 percent was observed for the egg albumin and bovine albumin denaturation assays respectively, indicating to be effective in the treatment of inflammatory conditions.
Determinación de la actividad biológica de los compuestos bioactivos del extracto etanólico de Hierba Luisa (Cymbopogon citratus)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08)
Molina Alomaliza, Joselyn Stefany
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Pérez Aldás, Lander Vinicio
Cymbopogon citratus, commonly known as Lemongrass, is a herbaceous plant of the Poaceae family native to tropical and subtropical regions. Widely valued in traditional medicine, multiple therapeutic properties are attributed to it, including antispasmodic, antimicrobial, antitussive, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and sedative effects. Although the scientific evidence that supports these benefits is still limited and it is unknown if they would have the same composition in Ecuadorian territory. Furthermore, Lemongrass is not considered a substitute for conventional medical treatments, more research is required to confirm its medicinal properties. In this study, the biological activity of the bioactive compounds from the ethanolic extract of Lemongrass was evaluated. The ethanolic extract of C. citratus was extracted using the Soxhlet method. Subsequently, a stock solution was prepared by dissolving 1 g of extract in 100 mL of distilled water, obtaining dilutions of 1:10, 1:100 and 1:1000 used in all tests. Total phenolic properties were measured with the Folin-Ciocalteu method, reaching 76.24 mg GAE per g of extract at the highest concentration. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated using the DPPH and ABTS methods, obtaining the maximum values of 459.81 and 690.35 mgTE per g of extract, respectively. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory capacity, two methods were used: egg albumin denaturation and bovine serum albumin denaturation. Both confirmed the anti-inflammatory activity of the extract, with the egg albumin method being superior in sensitivity and reproducibility. This study highlights medicinal properties of C. citratus, reaffirming its potential in pharmacological applications.
Leguminosas: evaluación de sus compuestos nutricionales y bioactivos
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Alimentos, 2022-09)
Simbaña Simba, Evelyn Dayana
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Vilcacundo Chamorro, Rubén Darío
Legumes belong to the leguminosae family, their seeds are used for both human and animal food; its nutritional quality depends on factors such as the geographical area of the crop, species, production conditions, etc. They are characterized by their high nutritional value, presenting a higher protein content (19-36 percent) in relation to cereals (6-12 percent), they include most of the essential amino acids, being a good source of lysine, but it is limited in amino acids sulfur like methionine and cysteine. As for carbohydrates, up to 60 percent are present, this being the majority constituent with a great contribution of energy and fiber; its lipid content is characterized by being low, highlighting the presence of triglycerides, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid. In relation to micronutrients, they are an excellent source of minerals such as iron, zinc, magnesium, calcium and phosphorus. They offer water-soluble vitamins, especially those of group B: thiamin, niacin, riboflavin and folate. In addition, they contain bioactive compounds that, when consumed, have metabolic effects of interest, such as polyphenols, anthocyanins, flavonoids, phytoesroles and bioactive peptides, the same ones that have biological activities (antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial and anticholesterolemic) important in the prevention of chronic diseases. not communicable. Despite their nutritional and biological value, in general, they are not recognized and their consumption is often not valued enough, which is why the objective of this bibliographic review was to evaluate the nutritional and bioactive compounds that legumes possess, promoting in this way its consumption.
Evaluación de las actividades biológicas y los compuestos bioactivos presentes en el aceite esencial de Eucalyptus globulus
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2022-09)
Jiménez Jumbo, Luis David
;
Tubón Usca, Irvin Ricardo
Eucalyptus globulus, commonly known as eucalyptus, was introduced in Ecuador in the 1960s, specifically in 1860 in the government of Gabriel García Moreno, being the predominant of the two existing species with 89 percent, which makes it becomes a reference species in the Ecuadorian highlands. This plant has glands that secrete essential oils in its leaves, which produce its characteristic odor and have components that can be differentiated into chemical products of industrial value. On the other hand, this oil has been part of multiple scientific studies such as insect control, antioxidant activity, antifungal agent, among others, in general, this essential oil has aliphatic and terpene compounds that give it great potential for the cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical industries. In this work an analysis of the multiple investigations of the bioactive compounds that the plant has and the fundamental role in human health due to their properties and the biological effects due to their sensory attributes was carried out; The study also made it possible to carry out future research on the variety of this plant in the plant kingdom with more than 700 species globally; Therefore, the phytochemistry of essential oils provides us with therapeutic benefits due to the combination of these phytonutrients. The study compared the essential oil of E. globulus (the most common in Ecuador) with that of other eucalyptus species, being the first comparative bibliographic investigation of the different species of this type of plant in the country, a study that related the components of the plant with the medicinal uses attributed to this genus such as disinflammation, disinfection, analgesia, antipiresis among others.
Análisis nutricional y actividades biológicas de compuestos bioactivos derivados del chocho (Lupinus Mutabilis)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería en Alimentos, 2022-03)
Arellano Martínez, Allison Adriana
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Vilcacundo Chamorro, Rubén Darío
The choco scientifically known as Lupinus Mutabilis is the predominant species in Latin America, its nutritional and biological quality depends on different factors such as the geographical area, the species, the conditions to which the grain is subjected, among others. However, despite all this, it is considered a food matrix rich in macro and micro nutrients, as is the case of protein with 44.3 percent higher than soybeans and beans; it has all the essential amino acids among the most abundant is leucine and lysine; Its non-essential amino acid content also plays an important role, as is the case of glutamic acid that helps protect the gastrointestinal tract and stomach. Despite not being an oilseed, lupine has a high lipid content, predominantly omega 3, 6 and 9 unsaturated fatty acids. It contains 32.9 percent carbohydrates, with a high fiber content, located in the shell, covers importance for its ability to satiate, preventing obesity and constipation. Among the abundant minerals in the grain are calcium (Ca), potassium (K), iron (Fe) and magnesium (Mg). Its bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, phytosterols, tocopherols, carotenoids and alkaloids encompass antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial and antidiabetic biological activities, preventing chronic non-communicable diseases. Despite being a complete food and having great uses at a technological level, it is little known, which is why the objective of this bibliographic review is to make known its nutritional and biological importance, to promote its intake and use.
Obtención y caracterización de polifenoles y flavonoides de extractos de Baccharis macrantha (Chilca) y estudio de su actividad antioxidante y antiinflamatoria
(2020-01)
Rosero Mero, Santiago André
;
Morales Acosta, Dayana Cristina
The aim of this study was to obtain the highest content of total flavonoid (TFC) and total polyphenol (TPC) from dry leaves of Baccharis macrantha, for which an extraction method was optimized using different solvents (ethanol and methanol), temperatures (30-60 Celsius degrees) and extraction times (5-20 min). The optimized conditions for flavonoids extraction were 25 percent ethanol, 50 Celsius degrees and 10 min, while for polyphenols were 50 percent ethanol, 50 Celsius degrees and 10 min; under these conditions depletion of plant material was achieved with recoveries of 98.56 percent for flavonoids and 100 percent for polyphenols in the fourth extraction. The extracts were characterized by TLC and HPLC with three standards (gallic acid, catechin and quercetin). Thus, quercetin was detected in hydroethanolic extracts with an Rf of 0.62 and a retention time of 27 min. In TLC, 9 bands were also detected, with apparently methylated and glycosylated groups, while in HPLC 14 representative peaks were detected that share both extraction treatments for each wavelength used. The biological activities were tested in vitro. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using the protein denaturation method and red blood cells stabilization, whose protection values were 93.70 percent (EtOH50 percent) and 97.23 percent (EtOH25 percent); and 49.72 percent (EtOH25 percent) and 50.71 percent (EtOH50 percent), respectively. The antioxidant activity evaluated through the TBARs method, showed a protection equal to 77 percent (EtOH25 percent) and 73.11 percent (EtOH50 percent).
Estudio del contenido de polifenoles, capacidad antioxidante y antiinflamtoria del extracto obtenido de tipo (Minthostachys mollis Griseb)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2020-01)
Muñoz Jumbo, Diana Lizbeth
;
Morales Acosta, Dayana Cristina
The present research work is focused on the extraction of secondary metabolites, specifically phenolic compounds present in the tipo leaves (Minthostachys mollis Griseb) and the evaluation of their biological activities. Tipo plant extract was optimized by different factors (solvent, temperature, time and number of successive extractions) of these, methanol 50 percent, 50 Celsius degrees, 10 min with 4 successive extractions presented the optimal conditions to obtain the highest polyphenol and flavonoids content which was 70,115 more less 0.440 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram dry sample and 64.967 more less 0.858 mg catechin equivalents per gram dry sample, respectively. Two biological activities were evaluated, the antioxidant activity by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) method where the highest percentage of inhibition 68.987 percent was obtained at 1000 ug per mL. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by two methods: a) protein denaturation and b) human red blood cell membrane stabilization (HRBC) that presented an important percentage of protection (94.398 percent). Finally, the content of minerals present in tipo leaves was evaluated by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and a high content of Ca and Mg was obtained (13174.749 mg per kg dry base and 5771.208 mg per kg dry base, respectively). Due to the presence of these biological activities, tipo could become a natural alternative that substitutes synthetic products and contributes to the treatment of various pathologies, in addition to providing essential nutrients to the human being.
Extracción, cuantificación y caracterización de compuestos fenólicos extraídos a partir de la Arquitecta (Lasiocephalus ovatus Schltdl), planta nativa del cerro Teligote
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2020-01)
Espinosa Panchi, Melany Noemí
;
Morales Acosta, Dayana Cristina
L. ovatus is a native plant from Teligote’s hill (1°22'39.2"S; 78°33'54.7"O; 3633 m.s.n.m.). It has used by locals people as diuretic and depurative. The aim of this research study was extract, quantify and characterize phenolic compounds obtained from L. ovatus. Dried and crushed leaves were used from the first step of optimization processed that consist of choosing the major solvent (water, methanol and ethanol), time (5, 10, 20 min) and temperature (30, 40, 50, 60 Celsius degrees). The best conditions to extract polyphenols in L. ovatus matrix were ethanol 50 percent (v/v), 50 Celsius degrees and 20 min, while by flavonoids were ethanol 50 percent (v/v), 60 Celsius degrees and 5 min. Depletion of vegetal material was made with 4 and 5 successive extractions for polyphenols and flavonoids, respectively. TLC and HPLC techniques were used to characterize phenolic compounds in the extracts of L. ovatus. Furthermore, anti-inflammatory activity was tested in vitro by HRBC obtained of were 98,04 more less 0,44 for flavonoids and 97,29 more less 0,12 for polyphenols and protein denaturation method with values of 36,30 more less 0,29 for polyphenols and 28,71 more less 0,63 for flavonoids. Antioxidant activity showed values 86,46 more less 0,83 y 84,18 more less 0,57 for polyphenols and flavonoids respectively. In this way it was concluded that L. ovatus presents in its structure phenolic components that confer important biological activities (anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity) thus supporting its use inside and outside the community of Teligote as a possible natural alternative.
Estudio de las actividades biológicas, antioxidante y antiinflamatoria de los extractos obtenidos a partir de Pussu pato (Grosvenoria rimbachii)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería en Alimentos, 2020-01)
Tigsilema Chico, Alex Genaro
;
Morales Acosta, Dayana Cristina
The Ecuadorian mountain range is part of the well-known Andes mountain range, formed by topographic irregularities, one of them is the Teligote hill, which has been an important source of medicinal plants such as Pussu pato, the same one that has been used in muscle reconstruction skeletal and was studied in the present research project, in order to evaluate the phenolic compounds (polyphenols and flavonoids) their characterization and the presence of biological anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, in addition to the mineral content (calcium, magnesium, manganese, iron, zinc, cobalt, copper, nickel , lead and cadmium). For this, an optimization of the secondary metabolite extraction process was carried out by varying the solvent, temperature and time; obtaining 10,492 mg AG per gram for polyphenols (with 25% methanol at 50 Celsius degrees for 5min) and 3,676 mg CQ per gram for flavonoids, (with 75 percent ethanol at 50 Celsius degrees for 20min), while the characterization was performed by thin layer chromatography and high performance chromatography The anti-inflammatory activity was carried out by means of the methods of stabilization of red blood cell membrane and protein denaturation resulting in 98.6 percent (methanolic extract at 100 micrograms per ml) and 95.9 percent (ethanolic extract at 25 micrograms per ml) for HRBC and 41.4 percent (methanolic extract at 1000 micrograms per ml) and 32.6 percent (ethanolic extract at 100 micrograms per ml) for protein denaturation. The antioxidant activity using the TBARS method showed the best results at 1000 micrograms per ml (39.9 percent methanolic extract and 61.7 percent ethanolic extract) and in the determination of minerals by atomic absorption spectroscopy, calcium (1295.2 mg per 100g) was the mineral with the highest content in Pussu pato leaves.

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