Ciencias de la Salud
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Item CONOCIMIENTOS, ACTITUDES Y PRÁCTICAS SOBRE NUTRICIÓN DEPORTIVA EN ENTRENADORES DE PICHINCHA(2025-06-18) Alava Parraga, Stefania Alexandra; Bonilla Veloz, Silvia Elizabeth; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y DietéticaIn recent decades, sports nutrition has proven to be essential for improving physical performance, optimizing training, aiding recovery, maintaining an adequate body composition, and reducing the risk of injuries and illnesses, thus contributing to the enhancement of sports performance. The objective of this study was to describe the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of coaches from various sports disciplines through a survey. The study was descriptive, with a non-probabilistic sample, and involved 60 coaches. The results revealed a low level of knowledge regarding energy-protein requirements and supplementation, as well as a high percentage of attitudes and practices that present a risk for the development of eating disorders.Item ACTITUD DE LOS ESTUDIANTES DE LA CARRERA DE ENFERMERÍA HACIA LAS TERAPIAS ALTERNATIVAS Y COMPLEMENTARIAS(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-09-03) Pujos Cedeño, Josselyn Zuley; Jiménez Peralta, Ana LuciaIntroduction: The use of alternative and complementary therapies has been increasing over the years in Ecuador and in the world with the advent of favorable health policies towards the use of these practices, due to this growing interest it has been included in health programs. nursing training, therefore, this study aims to describe the attitudes of nursing students at the Technical University of Ambato in relation to alternative and complementary therapies Method: Cross-sectional descriptive observational study, with a population of 341 students and worked with a sample of 126 nursing students. Results: To obtain the results, the Complementary and Alternative Medicine health beliefs questionnaire (CHBQ) was applied. Massage, spirituality/prayer and meditation were the most used therapies among students. 64.3% of students use the Internet as the main source of obtaining information about alternative and complementary therapies. A greater proportion of nursing students with positive attitudes towards alternative and complementary therapies was evident. Conclusion: Nursing students reported a positive attitude towards alternative and complementary therapiesItem ACTITUD PREVENTIVA SOBRE DIABETES MELLITUS Y ESTILO DE VIDA EN EL PERSONAL OBRERO Y ADMINISTRATIVO DE UNA UNIVERSIDAD ECUATORIANA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-05-28) Enríquez Sisalema, Daniela Alexandra; Arráiz de Fernández, CarolinaIntroduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels. Lifestyles encompass a set of behaviors and attitudes that impact the health of individuals. Objective: Determine the association between the attitudes of adults towards the prevention of diabetes mellitus and the lifestyle of the workers and administrative staff of an Ecuadorian University. Methodogy: Quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional and correlational study, with a sample of 36 individuals (workers and administrators) who work at the Faculty of Health Sciences. Two instruments were used: “Adult Attitudes towards the prevention of type II diabetes”, reliability 0.985 and “Lifestyle”, reliability 0.993. Results: There is a low assessment in all dimensions of Adult Attitudes towards the prevention of type II diabetes, with 66.7% in nutrition; 55.6% exercise; 50.0% fluid intake; 63.9% in medical control; 47.1% consumption of harmful substances; 61.1% in sleep and 55.6% in psychosocial. An average rating in Lifestyle with 36.1% food; 61.1% stress; 50.0% interpersonal development; 47.2% self-realization and 41.7% responsibility, with a low rating in relation to the exercise 44.4%. There is an extremely strong and highly significant correlation between the two variables. Conclusion: The attitude of adults towards the prevention of type II diabetes is low, which increases the risk, an adequate nursing intervention prevents type II DM and promotes health.Item Actitudes frente al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y estrategias de afrontamiento en integrantes de grupos de Narcóticos Anónimos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2024-03-01) Tamayo Bonilla, Jenny Fernanda; Mejía Rubio, Andrea del Rocío Ps. Cl. Mgs.El consumo de sustancias es una problemática psicosocial que aborda aspectos internos, como los fenómenos psíquicos en la relación de las actitudes individuales y las estrategias de afrontamiento, los cuales generan un impacto crucial en la salud mental y el bienestar emocional. Se estableció la relación entre las actitudes frente al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y las estrategias de afrontamiento en integrantes de grupos de Narcóticos Anónimos (N.A).El estudio fue de tipo no experimental y cuantitativo, incluyó a 130 participantes de 18 a 70 años. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó el Autoinforme de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas (AICA) y el Inventario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento (CSI).Dentro de los principales hallazgos, se observó una correlación positiva leve entre las actitudes frente al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y las estrategias de afrontamiento; así mismo, la mayoría de la población presentó una actitud desfavorable frente al consumo de sustancias, siendo las estrategias de afrontamiento predominantes la resolución de problemas, apoyo social y evitación del problema; además se halló una mayor actitud desfavorable en mujeres en comparación con los hombres. Las actitudes desfavorables frente al consumo de sustancias refieren una tendencia hacia la adopción de estrategias de afrontamiento para lidiar con diversas situaciones estresantes, además contribuye a la prevención de posibles riesgos asociados con el uso de drogas o alcohol.Item Rasgos de personalidad y su relación con creencias irracionales en estudiantes universitarios(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud /Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2022-03-01) Jácome Granda, Cristian Santiago; Céspedes Guachamboza, Danilo Alejandro Ps. Cl. Mg.The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the relationship between personality characteristics and irrational beliefs in a group of college students. This study was applied to 94 students of which, through exclusion criteria, the population was reduced to 77 participants. It was applied a personality factor questionnaire 16 PF to evaluate the personality characteristics while the irrational beliefs questionnaire (TCI) was used to evaluate the irrational beliefs. The analysis of these variables was performed through Spearman's Rho test. It was observed that there is no statistically significant correlation between the variables, / with r = -,114, which shows an inversely proportional correlation between personality traits and irrational beliefs in the sample of university students. It was demonstrated as the frequency of personality characteristics decreases, irrational ideas increase, or vice versa. Moreover, it was also found that the relationship between the variable of personality characteristics and sex of the population maintains a higher significance 050. It means there is not a statistically significant difference, as well as the variable of irrational beliefs between men and women (RM = 24,50) y (RM = 24,50), it was demonstrated there is no statistically significant difference (U = 216.000 p>0.05) to irrational belief helplessness, nor Need for Approval (U = 13.500 p>0.05); nor for the Dependency factor (U = 7,000 p>0.05).Item Estrés laboral en los docentes de la carrera de enfermeria en la modalidad virtual(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2021-09-01) Gavilánez López, Laura Katherine; Costales Coronel, Blanca Georgina Lic.Work stress is a specific form of stress that results from a negative emotional experience caused by the imbalance between work needs and the worker's ability to respond, it is the way to respond when they have work demands and pressures that do not match their knowledge and skills. The present work aims to analyze work stress in nursing career teachers in the virtual modality. Methodologically, a descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional study was carried out. The population consisted of 120 teachers of the Nursing Career between men and women. For the collection of information, the Maslach Burnout Inventory Questionnaire was used with 95% reliability. Resulting in high scores in the subscale of emotional exhaustion, personal fulfillment and in the subscale of depersonalization a medium level. When relating the variables, it was found that there are signs of Burnout syndrome in teachers, it has increased with the new virtual modality to teach classes that has implied an increase in working hours to the detriment of rest hours, affecting the quality of work of teachers.Item Intervención cognitiva a las mujeres que asisten al grupo de apoyo de la lactancia materna(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2021-04-01) Tamayo Martínez, Paola Lisbeth; Fernández Soto, Gerardo FernandoDr , PhD.Introduction: Breastfeeding affords benefits for mother-child health and nutrition that is why an opportune educational intervention of promotion, support and advisory during the prenatal, immediate period and postpartum period guarantees the length and exceptionality of breastfeeding. Objective: To evaluate the impact of educational intervention of women who attend the ¨maternal breastfeeding support group¨. Method: Quantitative, prospective, descriptive research with a quasi-experimental design (before and after) in a sample made up of 10 pregnant women and 20 women in the breastfeeding period. The measurement was carried out through the questionnaire; IIFAS scale of attitudes towards child nutrition of lowa. Results: According to the correlation coefficient analysis, the student´s t - test and the results obtained using the post- test, statistical significance was found with a probability of less than 0.05. Meanwhile, in the attitude items, the pre- intervention showed a mean and standard deviation of 2.07-1.16, respectively, compared to the post- intervention, which obtained 4.48-0.65. Conclusions: Age and low level of educational are issues that the contribute to early weaning breastfeeding; however, after the educational intervention carried out, a better and positive attitudes to improved and encouraged breastfeeding in the mothers was reached.Item Rasgos de personalidad y su relación con la actitud hacia personas con discapacidad en estudiantes universitarios(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2021-03-01) Guerrero Flores, Gissela Katherine; Lara Salazar, Cristina MarielaPsic. Inf. Mg.The objectives of this research project are to analyze the relationship between personality traits and the attitude towards people with disabilities in university students, to identify their personality traits, to define the prevailing attitude towards people with disabilities and to compare this attitude with respect to men and women. In this quantitative, correlational and cross-sectional study, the 16PF Personality Factor Questionnaire (RB Cattell, KS Cattell & HE Cattell, 1993) and the Scale of Attitudes Towards Persons with Disabilities, form G (Verdugo, Arias & Jenaro, 1994) were applied. The sample was selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, so it was composed of 344 students from first to tenth semester of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the Technical University of Ambato from the academic period October 2020 - February 2021 , aged between 17 and 41 years. For the statistical data treatment, tools such as the SPSS 20 program and Excel were used. Spearman's correlation test was used to verify the hypothesis, and normality and chi-square tests were used to establish the association between attitude and sex. As a result, it was found that there is a relationship between personality traits agreeableness (A), reasoning (B), openness to change (Q1), perfectionism (Q3) and the attitude towards people with disabilities. The predominant personality trait among students is self-sufficiency in high scores (Q2), which describes independent, lonely, resourceful people who prefer to make their own decisions. The attitude towards people with disabilities is quite favorable and generally positive. An association was found between men and women based on the variable attitude towards people with disabilities.Item “Conocimientos y actitud de pacientes y personal de enfermería en el autocuidado en la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 según postulados teorizantes de dorotea orem en el hospital general docente Ambato”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Enfermería, 2018-10-01) Guaman Toapanta, Grace Margoth; Valero Cedeño, Nereida JosefinaDra.The Diabetes Mellitus type 2 is a chronic illness no transmisible, call also no insulino dependent, appears when the pancreas does not use effectively the insulin of the body, this condition goes of the hand with the obesity, with more frequency in the adulthood, and like factor of risk predominates an unsuitable lifestyle. In the Ecuador is a grave problematic of public health, situating besides like first cause of mortality in the feminine population and third in the masculine population. This investigation had like aim determine the level of knowledges and attitude of patients and personnel of infirmary in the autocuidado of the DM2 in the service of internal medicine of the Educational General Hospital Ambato. It treated of an investigation of study prospectivo, transversal and explanatory. The population was conformed by 55 patients with DM2 and 15 nurses. The information and results were obtained through the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale by its name in English (DMSES), which measures the self-efficacy of self-care that people with DM2 have, consisting of 4 factors: Specific nutrition and weight, General nutrition and medication treatment, physical exercise and blood glucose and another instrument on self-care of adult patients with DM2 was used in the knowledge of the nursing staff consisting of the following variables: basic knowledge of the disease, risk factors, signs and symptoms, type of healthy nutrition, physical activity, medications, acute and chronic complications, nursing knowledge about the care that patients with DM2 should have. The results showed that DM2 predominates in the female sex, adult age, 38% had <5 years of disease evolution, 61%> of 10 years, in terms of complications Retinopathy has greater significance in relation to the other complications. 51% of the patients surveyed have a high level of knowledge about the self-care of DM2 and 40% have an adequate attitude regarding the self-care of their disease. The knowledge of the nursing staff regarding the pathology and self-care activities of the patients, the results showed 67% a high knowledge and 87% an adequate attitude about the self-care of this conditionItem Competencias Profesionales en la Identificación y manejo de Factores de Riesgo Preconcepcional en Adolescentes, Saquisilí, 2015 – 2016(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Becquer Humberto Dr., Suárez Coba; Orlando Jesús , Castro Hayes Dr. EspObjective: To establish the relationship between professional skills of health personnel in the identification and management of preconceptional risk factors in adolescents Saquisilí. Method: qualitative and quantitative, cross-sectional study field, medical professionals and midwives in units of the first level of care; data were obtained from a survey of professionals and documentary review of medical records, involving 32 professionals, paragraph testing hypotheses Chi square with a significance of p <0.05 was used as a statistician. Results: There is statistical significance by associating knowledge with the identification of preconception risk (p = 0.029) and the self management (p <0.05 - Chi-square = 15,909), statistically significant association was found to associate professional skills with identification of preconceptional risk (p <0.000) and the self management (p = 0.02), 75% of participants do not have clinical skills and not favorable for the identification and risk management preconceptional attitude, 62.5 % expressed self-preparation on this issue, however the results did not show it. In proposing the need for the algorithm care paragraph problem solution investigated, 90.6% necessary consider. Conclusions: More than half of professionals have less than five years of experience with medical / midwife relationship five, the most professionals have knowledge level of the middle and lower showed no have clinical skills and unfavorable attitude to identify and manage risk, existing dependence on level of knowledge, high level of knowledge about prevention and self-preparation referred by professionals but almost entirely failed to identify the risk in adolescents handled, there is a direct relationship between the level of professional skills the identification and management of preconceptional risk in adolescents.