Ciencias de la Salud

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100 AÑOS DESPUÉS DE LA BCG, VACUNAS VIVAS ATENUADAS FRENTE A LA TUBERCULOSIS
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-09-24) Freire-Bravo, Milena Thais; Echeverría Valencia, Gabriela Fernanda
Background: For more than a century, the BCG vaccine, derived from an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis known as bacillus Calmette-Guérin, has been used to prevent tuberculosis (TB). Despite its widespread use, the effectiveness of the BCG vaccine is variable, and its protection is transitory. Objective: To compile information on the feasibility and effectiveness of new live attenuated vaccines as alternatives to the BCG vaccine in the prevention of tuberculosis. Methods: A bibliographic review of descriptive scope was carried out, using articles specialized in medical, nursing and epidemiology topics from the last two years (2022-2023), the search was carried out autonomously in various databases. Results: In clinical trials and preclinical studies, various live attenuated, inactivated and subunit/adjuvant vaccines have shown potential to improve immunogenicity and protection against tuberculosis. Vaccines such as MTBVAC and RUTI are in different phases of clinical development, while others, such as M72/AS01E and H56, are in advanced phases of testing. Conclusions: The invasion of M. tuberculosis can culminate in bacillary dissemination to other vital organs; it is crucial to develop more effective vaccines for adults and optimize vaccine combinations, addressing the genetic variability of the strains and immunological differences between populations. Currently, research into vaccines against tuberculosis reflects notable progress and an increasingly deep understanding of immunological interactions.
EL ABANDONO DE LA LACTANCIA MATERNA EXCLUSIVA Y EL USO DE FÓRMULAS LÁCTEAS
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-27) Pilatasig Tandalla, Diana Soledad; Llangari, Mirian Isabel Zurita
Introduction: Breast milk is an ideal food for infants, providing an ideal mix of nutrients and antibodies essential for their development and health. In addition to strengthening the immune system, it fosters the emotional bond between mother and child, benefits that milk formulas cannot fully replicate, even though they are designed to mimic the composition of breast milk. However, various circumstances, such as health, social and economic problems, lead many mothers to opt for this alternative. This research topic is crucial to understand the factors that influence the decision to use formulas and their impact on infant and maternal health. In addition, it is fundamental to address issues of social and economic inequalities that may influence mothers' choice. Methodology: A literature search was carried out in reliable databases such as Redalyc, Scielo, PubMed, Elsevier, in Spanish and English in the last 5 years, including bibliographic reviews, systematic reviews, postgraduate theses, original scientific articles, as well as official WHO and UNICEF pages, and excluding undergraduate theses, monographs, forums and abstracts. Conclusion: Breastfeeding offers a number of benefits and is the only complete food that the child should receive, however, despite these advantages, the use of milk formulas as a replacement for breast milk is increasing, despite the fact that it cannot fully replicate breast milk.
“Abdomen agudo obstructivo secundario a íleo biliar”
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Medicina, 2018-05-01) Jiménez Espín, Galo Paúl; Pozo Mayorga, Fernando PatricioDr. Esp.
Gallstone ileus is a serious condition due to not being diagnosed opportunely caused by the migration of a stone to the intestinal lumen through a biliary fistula being a rare cause of acute obstructive abdomen representing 1% to 4% of cases. Mortality rates of between 12 to 27% and morbidity of up to 50% have been described due to the critical state in which most of these patients are found (3). A 72-year-old male patient presents with generalized abdominal pain of great intensity without apparent cause of 5 days of evolution and nausea that reaches content vomiting. In pharmacy they prescribe paracetamol and hyoscine bromide without improvement. Physical examination: BP: 110/60 CF: 84X', BF: 20X', ° T: 36.5 °, O2: 84% Weight: 56kg. Patient awake, obeys verbal orders, semi-humid oral mucous membranes. Cardiovascular: rhythmic, normofonetic heart sounds, no murmurs are heard. Respiratory: decreased vesicular murmur, presence of rales in both lung bases. Abdomen: distended, painful to superficial and deep palpation Blumberg (+), increased tympanic percussion and decreased hydro-aerial sounds with metallic tone. Laboratory and imaging tests were requested: leukocytes13600, hemoglobin 21.4g / dL, hematocrit 75%, platelets 358000, neutrophils 88.3%, lymphocytes 6.6%. Urine: bacteria +++, pyocytes 15-18xc, red blood cells 1-2xc. Abdominal ultrasound: Gallbladder inside it is observed multiple lithiasic images, in addition to important dilation of bowel loops with fluid and peristalsis of fight. Abdominal x-ray: intestinal dilation and presence of hydro-aerial levels. Hydration, antibiotic, and laparotomy are started by finding the jejunum and ileum dilated with a +/- 5cm long by 3cm diameter, before which we decided to extract more primary raft of the ileum. He remains hospitalized for 7 days and evolves without complications.
Abdomen Agudo Obstructivo Secundario A Tumor de la cola del Páncreas
(2016-09-01) Valle Proaño, Christian Andrés; Yépez Yerovi, Fabián Eduardo Dr. Esp.
The following case is a male patient 67 years old, mestizo, catholic religion, born and living in Ambato (Pishilata), painter occupation, incomplete higher education; Family history Pathological father died with pancreatic cancer; Personal history Pathological Parkinson's disease 11 years ago; Pathological history Surgical Prostatectomy 5 years. Go to present about 72 hours ago epigastric pain, cramping of mild to moderate intensity that radiates to the right flank and left shaped belt accompanied with widespread decay, so go to Mobile Hospital where he administered antibiotic therapy not specified, probable diagnosis of acute diarrheal disease without showing clinical improvement, 24 hours before admission, the patient persists with abdominal pain of great intensity accompanied postprandial vomiting on three occasions in moderate amount of food and bilious content as well alteration of intestinal habit prone to constipation, so go back to Mobile Hospital who you refer to Provincial Teaching Hospital Ambato (HPDA). In the emergency service received HPDA patient with TA 100/60 mmHg FC: 108 lpm FR: 35 rpm, 96% O2 Sat, aware, no fever, dry oral mucosa, preserved cardiopulmonary, tense abdomen distended and painful epigastric mesogastrio, with increased bowel sounds, no signs of peritonitis, no limbs edema, tremor in the upper extremities, distal pulses present at the entrance to the surgery department with presumptive diagnosis of obstructive acute abdomen is decided. Having assessed the patient decides to perform a Laparotomy Exploratory meeting free fluid inflammatory abdominal cavity, erythematous bowel loops and dilated from the first jejunal loops to the angle of Treitz and duodenum, is also a tumor in the tail of the pancreas was found irregular edges, well vascularized, enlarged spleen, performing pancreatectomy Distal and splenectomy hard consistency, remaining hospitalized in the Department of Surgery at later presented a pancreatic fistula low spending the same which was controlled and had an evolution favorably so within 30 days of hospitalization is decided hospital in good general conditions for outpatient control. The histopathologic result was a lymphangioma tail of the pancreas.
Abdomen Agudo por Absceso Tubárico Secundario A Enfermedad Inflamatoria Pélvica más Apendicitis Aguda
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Medicina, 2016-11-01) Guamancuri Silva, Jorge Gabriel; Pozo Mayorga, Fernando Patricio Dr. Esp.
At the Hospital Provincial Docente Ambato (HPDA), the acute abdominal pain is the most frequent cause of query. In the Hospital Provincial Docente Ambato (HPDA), acute abdominal pain is the most frequent cause of consultation. By the other hand, the Gíneco-obstetric pain constitutes the second cause of hospitalization, being in this way the Emergency Service the first contact with the patient. For this reason, is really vital to know about the different pathologies which causes the acute abdomen, and so confront them in the better way. Likewise, it is crucial to determine the first instance if it’s about of a quirurgic acute abdomen and if it needs immediate hospitalization. The most important factor in this situation, because of our environment, is discard a pregnancy at the beggining of the evaluation in a female patient. Considering the possibility of a broken ectopic pregnancy that could turn it in a death or life event, becomes essential. The opportune pelvic acute ache diagnosis is vital, at the first instance, because the delay in the diagnosis increases in a devastating proportion the mortality, and consequently, the recovery time for the patient, the inherent economic spending, and even, in these time too hostile with the medicine career, because of the legal demands.
Abdomen Agudo Quirúrgico Secundario a Rotura Uterina por Legrado Inducido
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Medicina, 2016-10-01) Chango Silva, Margarita Fernanda; Pancho Zela Dr., Marlon Mauricio
Introduction. Abdominal pain is a complex, sometimes difficult to diagnose and one of the most frequent causes of consultation in emergency services entity, and it is for all medical meet its features to quickly determine the conduct to be followed, since its timely decision may depend on the outcome of the patient. The clinical signs and symptoms are varied and depend on the etiology. In our case report the cause of acute abdomen was the same uterine perforation that may be iatrogenic or spontaneous. Iatrogenic causes include procedures such as dilation and curettage. Spontaneous causes are less commonly responsible for uterine perforation. Given the severity of the disease it is very important to study the female population to prevent irremediable complications in the patient. Objective. Evaluate the clinical management of patients with acute abdomen secondary to surgical uterine perforation. Development. This case is a female patient 26 years of age diagnosed incomplete abortion from 10 weeks pregnancy about concerns that perform curettage twice a week after you have perforativo peritoneal syndrome so go to hospital IESS Riobamba, there perform additional biochemical and imaging test, so is diagnosed with acute abdomen possible uterine rupture, and perform emergency surgery. He later transferred to Hospital IESS Ambato where he is transferred to Ambato IESS Hospital where he is admitted to the intensive therapy during hospitalization is relaparotomy, develop favorably. Conclusions. The acute abdomen secondary to uterine perforation, is a box that requires a proper diagnosis and an immediate resolution because it is at risk the life of the patient. In our case report the clinical management was not entirely appropriate.
Abdomen Obstructivo Secundario a Herniación Inguinal
(2016-12-01) Medina Aguilar, Mireya Andrea; Pozo Mayorga, Fernando Patricio Fernando Patricio Dr.
The following case raised in the Provincial General Hospital of Latacunga. It relates about a 78 years old male patient, in which it shows continuum pain at an inguinal level with an evolution of 24 hours approximately. The frame is accompanied with the inability of ambulation, for this reason the patient attends the physician. The initial physical examination shows pain when performing the palpation at an inguinal region level, besides it can be palpated non reducible mass in the same place with solid consistency. The laboratory examinations are performed with normal results, however the image examinations are altered and show a gaseous pattern that suggest an acute abdomen of obstructive kind. The patient is urgently taken to the operations room, determining a peritonitis which requires a Bogota bag to be constructed. 48 hours later, a cavity washing is performed including its closure. Yet, the patient presents a lousy evolution which requires him to be taken once again to the operations room where it can be evidenced a perforation of the small intestine bail which does resection and ileostomy, later, it is complicated by the respiratory system with a frame of dry cough. In the image examination it can be seen the presence of infiltrators at a base level which are added to the nosocomial pneumonia pathology. The patient is transferred to tertiary level attention for its treatment
ABLACIÓN ENDOMETRIAL POR RADIOFRECUENCIA PARA EL TRATAMIENTO DE SANGRADO UTERINO ANORMAL REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA
(2025-06-13) Guanin Choco, Maria de los Angeles; Salgado Oviedo, Gabriela Socorro; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Medicina
This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and acceptability of radiofrequency endometrial ablation (RFA) for the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). The study focuses on the comparison of RFA with other techniques and includes a search in databases such as PubMed and Scopus, as well as Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria were articles that addressed RFA for AUB, presented or synthesized scientific evidence on its efficacy, safety, or patient satisfaction, and did not limit themselves to technical aspects of the procedure. The results showed that RFA is an effective and safe treatment for AUB, with a rapid recovery and reduced need for additional surgery. However, it is associated with side effects such as pelvic pain, infection, and uterine perforation. The study also highlights the importance of considering patient preferences and clinical variability when choosing the best treatment for AUB.
Abordaje del paciente con abdomen abierto. Revisión de la literatura
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2023-10-04) Villagomez Mayorga, María Paula; Cadena Baquero, Juan Carlos
Introduction: The catastrophic abdomen is a situation in which the abdominal cavity is open, the edges are retracted and compressed into a single set of fibrous tissue that prevents its adequate dissection with the presence of fragile loops of small intestines adhered to each other, often complicated with enterocutaneous or enteroatmospheric fistulas that are associated with a high degree of morbidity and mortality close to 40%, thus conditioning the quality of life of the patient. Management represents a challenge for the surgeon since it requires a multidisciplinary approach, especially in the ICU, and, in most patients, it is necessary to combine complex therapies. Treatment usually begins with a conservative approach that avoids the risks of major surgery. Objective: To critically analyze the updated scientific evidence on the open abdomen as a surgical technique. Material and methods: The theoretical support of this work is obtained by research and analysis of specialized consultation documents such as scientific articles, magazines, books, and additional physical and virtual documents through search engines and medical bibliography databases. Conclusions: The clinical approach focuses on hemodynamic stabilization of the patient, avoiding malnutrition and rational use of antibiotic therapy; while the surgical approach seeks adequate closure of the abdominal wall, for which several temporary and definitive closure techniques have been developed; however, neither is the gold standard for treatment, and the lack of definitive data makes it necessary to individualize its use in each patient.
“ABORDAJE FISIOTERAPÉUTICO DE LA DISFUNCIÓN TEMPOROMANDIBULAR POST-QUIRÚRGICA DEL TERCER MOLAR EN PACIENTES DE 20-25 AÑOS”
(2014-12-09) Villacís Fonseca, Fanny Patricia
El presente trabajo está enfocado en determinar la eficacia del abordaje fisioterapéutico de la Disfunción Temporomandibular post-quirúrgica del tercer molar. La recolección metodológica de la información se realizó a través de Fichas de Evaluación, utilizando la matriz del índice de Helkimo modificada por Maglione, la misma que valora el grado de disfunción temporomandibular por medio de la siguiente escala: sin disfunción (0 puntos), leve (1-9), moderado (10-19) y severo (20-25). Ésta matriz combina un índice anamnésico y criterios de evaluación del examen clínico, tales como: movilidad de la mandíbula, identificando la afectación del trismus (limitación de la apertura bucal); función de la articulación temporomandibular; dolor: a la palpación muscular y al realizar los movimientos. Se desarrolla con una población de 32 pacientes, comprendidos entre 20 y 25 años, de los cuáles se conforman 2 grupos aleatoriamente, efectuando una valoración comparativa Inicial y Final, tanto al Grupo Control después de 6 días y a los Abordados Fisioterapéuticamente luego de 6 sesiones aplicadas diariamente. Se realizó un análisis comparativo entre los dos grupos de estudio, obteniendo que en el indicador de la evaluación final el 94% de los abordados fisioterapéuticamente no presentan disfunción; el 6% tiene una disfunción leve; mientras que el 94% del grupo control corresponde a trastornos leves y el 6% del mismo grupo posee trastorno moderado, demostrando estadísticamente que el tratamiento aplicado es eficaz. En los abordados fisioterapéuticamente se empleó combinadamente: agentes físicos (frío y calor) TENS, ultrasonido, masaje de Cyriax, láser, ejercicios activos asistidos, isométricos e isotónicos, restaurando la función de las estructuras que rodean la articulación temporomandibular (en 6 sesiones). En la propuesta se plantea un protocolo estandarizado del manejo fisioterapéutico.
“Abordaje fisioterapéutico en adultos mayores con deterioro cognitivo a través del método perfetti en el centro geriátrico del cantón Salcedo”
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Terapia Física, 2020-02-01) Sarabia Santamaría, Andrea Judith; Latta Sánchez, María AugustaLcda. Mg.
The purpose of this research work is the physiotherapeutic application through the Perfetti Method in older adults with mild cognitive impairment of the Geriatric Center of Canton Salcedo. This study is descriptive, observational and cross-sectional: The assessment instruments used were: the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) that assesses the cognitive status of older adults and the Barthel Index (IB) to assess the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL). A population sample of 10 older adults, 8 men and 2 women, between 61 and 87 years of age, with a low level of education is acquired. The IB results are an average of 88 points out of 100, which represents a low dependency to execute the AVD. The initial assessment of MoCA in this population gives an average result of 20.1 which corresponds to a Slight Cognitive Impairment. A program of basic cognitive exercises of the Perfetti Method is designed, with eight sessions of therapeutic application, lasting approximately 30 minutes. Finally, a final reevaluation is performed with the help of the MoCA test and an average result of 25.7 is achieved by framing a normal degree of cognitive impairment. This means that through the learning of tasks that include motor behaviors, and memory, healthy aging can be maintained.
ABORDAJE NUTRICIONAL DEL PACIENTE CELÍACO
(2025-06-18) Játiva Parra, Liliana Michelle; Robayo Zurita, Verónica Alexandra; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
Introduction: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic and systemic autoimmune disorder that affects people with genetic susceptibility to gluten, a protein found in various cereals. It manifests itself with a wide range of signs and symptoms along with related diseases, and can even occur asymptomatically, thus complicating its diagnosis. It is mostly diagnosed in women and at younger ages than in men. The disorder has no cure, so its management focuses exclusively on nutrition. Objective: The objective of the review is to analyze current recommendations on the nutritional approach to celiac disease and identify areas of future research and unmet needs in the nutritional approach to celiac disease, including the exploration of alternative therapies. Methods: The methodology used was the bibliographic review of current articles or articles corresponding to the last 5 years that specifically address the nutritional approach in celiac disease. The search was carried out in specialized databases in health sciences: Scielo, ScienceDirect, Dialnet and Google Scholar. Conclusions: Strict adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) was found to be crucial for improving symptoms and gut health in patients with celiac disease.
Abordaje nutricional del paciente con enfermedad renal crónica. un estudio de revisión bibliográfica
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-05-01) Miranda Ramírez, Ariana Nebraska; Robayo Zurita Lic Mg., Verónica Alexandra
The present bibliographic review proposed to define the processes of nutritional evaluation in chronic renal patients, by means of a bibliographic review in databases, in order to identify the modifiable factors in the progression of the disease. Systematic review scientific articles, case studies, cohort studies, randomized trials of qualitative, quantitative and descriptive approach were used. The method of elaboration was carried out with the PRISMA model, allowing the evaluation of the effects in the interventions reviewed. The inclusion criteria were: study period within the last 5 years, subject matter, reliability, studies conducted in pre-transplant patients. Exclusion criteria were: journals without indexation, hypotheses with low evidence, temporality.The results indicate that an integral assessment of patients with CKD allows not only to reduce the progression of the disease but also to improve the quality of life, as well as self-care, nutritional education and healthy habits. Effective screening of risk factors for disease progressioncan avoid the comorbidities of the disease, focusing treatment on prevention strategies applied atthe hospital level as well as at home.
Abordaje nutricional en cáncer de mama. Un artículo de revisión
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-10-02) Basantes Chango, Andrea Johanna; Bustillos Ortiz, Diana Isabel
It is paramount to emphasize the importance of an adequate nutritional approach, in patients with breast cancer in order to achieve expected results. Patients with this pathology present different complications that affect their treatment, especially when they have metabolic changes that prevent them from complying with nutritional recommendations. That is why early nutritional assessment and education are of great value to improve quality of life. Likewise, it is essential to maintain adequate adherence to treatment, since this is effective in preventing nutritional complications acquired during treatment, such as malnutrition. Objective: To analyze the information regarding the nutritional approach in people with breast cancer. Methodology: Explanatory study based on systematic research using information from scientific databases and specialized journals. An exhaustive analysis was carried out with topics relate d to nutritional approach and breast cancer. Results: The prevalence of breast cancer has been increasing in recent years by 47%. One of the main side effects are diarrhea, vomiting, nutritional and gastrointestinal complications, thus increasing the nutritional needs of these patients. Conclusion: It was found that the nutritional needs of breast cancer patients change significantly; therefore, a correct nutritional management based on diet therapy is valuable, such as modifications in the usual diet, avoiding sedentary lifestyle, increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables, avoiding the consumption of fried or very copious foods, and when oral food consumption is unable to meet the needs of these patients, it is essential to opt for the consumption of a nutritional supplement
Abordaje nutricional en el síndrome metabólico: un estudio de revisión
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-22) Guamán Chipantiza, Marilyn Anais; Cruz Hidalgo, Pablo Andrés
Metabolic syndrome is a disorder that promotes the development of low-grade inflammatory states, due to the increase in adipose tissue. Being constituted as a global problem, it compromises the state of health because it leads to the emergence of metabolic pathologies such as Obesity, Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM2), Hyperlipidemia and HTA. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to prepare a bibliographic review regarding dietary and therapeutic patterns and strategies of physical activity, which regulate the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome. For the development of this research, articles from PubMed, the Multidisciplinary Institute of Digital Publications (MDPI), Dialnet and Google Scholar were taken into account from November 15, 2022 to February 25, 2023. That is why 35 articles published between 2018 and 2023 were included. Based on those articles the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome, types of diets, nutraceutical foods and certain micronutrients (Vitamin C, D and magnesium) used for the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome were described. It was concluded that despite the absence of a nutritional or physical activity model established for the management of this pathology the combined use of aerobic and anaerobic physical activity, plus the use of the dietary pattern that characterizes the Mediterranean diet, reduced anthropometric (BMI, weight and waist circumference) and biochemical values by lowering triglycerides, LDLC, TG and better blood pressure control and insulin sensitivity. Reducing cardiometabolic risk and early mortality in metabolically decompensated individuals
ABORDAJE NUTRICIONAL EN PACIENTES CON ANOREXIA NERVIOSA
(2025-06-18) Llumitasig Andachi, Evelyn; Girón Saltos, Katherin Yaritza; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética
Anorexia nervosa is a serious eating disorder that affects a significant proportion of adolescents, although it can influence individuals of various ages and genders. It is considered a critical condition due to the severe risks it poses to both physical and psychological growth and development (Murray L, et al., 2021). This disorder manifests itself through excessive restriction of food intake, intense fear of weight gain, and distorted body image. Treatment of anorexia nervosa in adolescents requires a comprehensive approach that includes specialized nutritional interventions. The article reviews current strategies in the nutritional approach to adolescents with anorexia nervosa, focusing on recent research from the past four years to provide an updated view on best practices in the nutritional management of this condition. Anorexia nervosa is often a long-term disorder with a variety of psychophysiological and nutritional manifestations. Some patients may die from suicide or physical complications, with sudden death from cardiac arrhythmias being a common outcome. This disorder is not directly related to disease duration or age, but is associated with a body mass index (BMI) below 12 and very low serum albumin levels
Abordaje nutricional en pacientes con cirugía bariátrica. Un estudio de revisión
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-22) Aguilar Morales, Bryan Javier; Guevara Villacis, Mishelts Vanessa
The present investigative work focuses on how patients undergoing bariatric surgery, a surgical procedure used in the treatment of morbid obesity, are not able to eat an adequate diet both before and after the operation, failing to meet the adequate requirements of nutrients that your body needs after the physiological and metabolic changes that occur after the intervention. Therefore, the main objective of this review was to investigate and analyze the importance of having a specific nutritional treatment for this type of patients, in order to enhance and improve the results of surgery and improve their state of health and well-being. long term. Thus, a complete search of the scientific literature available in highly relevant databases was carried out, collecting information with adequate methodological quality, which allows understanding the need to adapt a nutritional plan before surgery to avoid complications during it, and after this, to help the patient's body adapt to the change. Thus, the importance of a comprehensive approach in the nutritional approach of these patients was highlighted, evidencing a lack of general information on the proper diet that should be followed, in many cases, downplaying the nutritional aspect, which leads to complications and a recovery of the weight that was had before surgery, therefore, special emphasis is made on the need for long-term follow-up, in which it is demonstrated that continuous visits to nutritional consultation and patient education, promote changes in the sustainable lifestyle, which does not include restrictive diets that cannot be carried.
“Absceso Perirrenal”
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Medicina, 2015-11-01) Vargas Pérez, Noemi Guadalupe; Gallegos Ponce, Carlos Elias Dr.
Se realizó el análisis de un caso clínico, de una paciente femenina de 60 años de edad, sin antecedentes clínicos, alérgicos y quirúrgicos de importancia, que desde hace 1 año presenta dolor constante localizado en la región lumbar de moderada intensidad, el mismo que se intensifica hace 1mes, con irradiación hacia flanco izquierdo e hipogastrio, se acompaña con polaquiuria y tenesmo vesical, por lo que acude a casa de salud de atención primaria, donde es manejada con Nitrofurantoina 100mg QD por 15 días, hace 24 horas acude al servicio de Emergencias del Hospital Regional Docente Ambato, con dolor intenso a nivel lumbar. Al examen físico T/A 130/70mmhg, FC82 lpm, FR 20 rpm, álgica, abdomen suave muy doloroso el flanco izquierdo e hipogastrio, puntos ureterales superior, medio y puño percusión izquierda positiva. Exámenes complementarios: leucocitosis de 12810 segmentados 91.8%, EMO no infeccioso, ECO renal litiasis renal izquierda + presencia de masa renal. Paciente es hospitalizada y valorada por especialidad quien indica manejo clínico quirúrgico, siendo tratada con Ciprofloxacino 200mg IV c/12h. Se completa estudio con TAC simple y contrastada que es sugerible de absceso perirrenal izquierdo + masa suprarrenal izquierda. 22 días posteriores paciente es intervenida quirúrgicamente, dentro de los hallazgos encontrados se describe riñón izquierdo con presencia de líquido supurativo el cual es drenado y se procede a la colocación de drenaje, a nivel suprarrenal se evidencia masa + hematoma el mismo que es enucleado. Postquirúrgico: Ceftriaxona 1g IV c12h, Acido Tranexamico 1 ampolla c/6 h, Ácido ascórbico 500 mg IV c12h, Tramadol 100 mg IV c/8h. Reporte diario de cuantificación de drenaje es mínimo, paciente asintomática es dada de alta médica con Ciprofloxacina 500 mg VO c/12h con el debido seguimiento clínico.
Absceso Esofágico Secundario a Ingesta de Cuerpo Extraño en Paciente Adulto Mayor
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Medicina, 2016-10-01) Silva Rodríguez, Luis Ramón; Vilaña Icaza, Juan Carlos Dr. Esp.
The ingestion of foreign bodies is very common in everyday medical practice, constituting the second indication of emergency upper gastrointestinal endoscopy after gastrointestinal bleeding. In children is more frequent intake of inorganic foreign bodies and these round and blunt (coins, buttons, batteries, parts of toys), rather than sharp; however, in adults organic foreign bodies are the most common (poorly chewed food bowls, bones, fish bones). One of the complications of foreign body ingestion (Fishtail) can be INTRAMURAL esophageal abscess is a rare disorder characterized by a large laceration between mucosal and submucosal layer of the esophageal wall without drilling. They are also responsible for 7 to 14% of all esophageal perforations, which can lead to serious injuries such as neck deep abscesses, mediastinitis among others. This case is a female patient 75 years old with a history of diabetes mellitus type two. Refers back to the accidental ingestion of Fishbone, 48 hours, presents dysphagia and neck pain of moderate intensity, go to sub-health center where it is valued, and they decide to transfer to conducting imaging study. It is valued in emergency, irritable patient, algica, physical examination presence of clots level oropharynx is evident, further examination which report a high glycemia, leukocytes with deviation to the left, elementary and microscopic examination of urine, infection is performed. In cervical spine x-ray foreign body in esophagus projected level 6. cervical vertebra seen its entry into service of Internal Medicine is decided, by apparent box esophageal abscess, esophageal perforation and decompensation of their underlying disease and to complement other tests. reporting chest tomography us morphology of the esophagus is distended in almost all their passage predominantly performed above level - carinal, study suggests supplementing with upper endoscopy, the same as reported ESOPHAGEAL Abscess.
Absceso Esofágico Secundario a Ingesta de Cuerpo Extraño en Paciente Adulto Mayor
(2016-10-01) Silva Rodríguez, Luis Ramón; Vilaña Icaza, Juan Carlos Dr. Esp.
The ingestion of foreign bodies is very common in everyday medical practice, constituting the second indication of emergency upper gastrointestinal endoscopy after gastrointestinal bleeding. In children is more frequent intake of inorganic foreign bodies and these round and blunt (coins, buttons, batteries, parts of toys), rather than sharp; however, in adults organic foreign bodies are the most common (poorly chewed food bowls, bones, fish bones). One of the complications of foreign body ingestion (Fishtail) can be INTRAMURAL esophageal abscess is a rare disorder characterized by a large laceration between mucosal and submucosal layer of the esophageal wall without drilling. They are also responsible for 7 to 14% of all esophageal perforations, which can lead to serious injuries such as neck deep abscesses, mediastinitis among others. This case is a female patient 75 years old with a history of diabetes mellitus type two. Refers back to the accidental ingestion of Fishbone, 48 hours, presents dysphagia and neck pain of moderate intensity, go to sub-health center where it is valued, and they decide to transfer to conducting imaging study. It is valued in emergency, irritable patient, algica, physical examination presence of clots level oropharynx is evident, further examination which report a high glycemia, leukocytes with deviation to the left, elementary and microscopic examination of urine, infection is performed. In cervical spine x-ray foreign body in esophagus projected level 6. cervical vertebra seen its entry into service of Internal Medicine is decided, by apparent box esophageal abscess, esophageal perforation and decompensation of their underlying disease and to complement other tests. reporting chest tomography us morphology of the esophagus is distended in almost all their passage predominantly performed above level - carinal, study suggests supplementing with upper endoscopy, the same as reported ESOPHAGEAL Abscess.