Ciencias Humanas y de la Educación
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Item Fundamentos técnicos del futsal en la coordinación óculo-motriz de estudiantes de educación general básica superior(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y Deporte, 2025-07-04) Ibáñez Figueroa Bryan Israel; Sailema Torres Ángel Aníbal; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y DeporteThe present research examines the incidence of the technical fundamentals of futsal in relation to the oculo-motor coordination of the students of Higher General Basic Education of the La Salle Educational Unit, in the academic period March-July 2025. It appears as a response to the need to add some innovative pedagogical strategies that maximize motor development in the educational context. The study was carried out under a quantitative approach, with a pre-experimental design with an explanatory scope. The sample consisted of 30 students selected by non-probabilistic sampling. The focal instrument used was the 3JS motor coordination test, which made it possible to evaluate the level of eye-motor coordination before and after the intervention. This research developed a training program based on the technical fundamentals of futsal, directed in 6 weeks in physical education classes. The results showed great differences in all the variables studied, such as precision striking, driving and eye-motor coordination. The statistical analysis showed significant differences between the pre and post-test intervention values with a value of (p = 0.000), which certifies the effectiveness of the proposal. In addition, it was observed that 96.7% of the students overcame the low level, reaching high average results at the end of the program. As a main conclusion, it is decided that futsal in pedagogical applications and from a well-structured methodological approach, reaches a positive impact on the development of eye-motor coordination. It is recommended to add this discipline to the school curriculum as an effective tool to reinforce motor skills and favor significant learning.Item La lectura en el desarrollo de la cultura general en los estudiantes del quinto nivel de la carrera de educación básica de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Educación Básica, 2025-06-30) Acosta Sandoval Vittoria Francesca; Chávez Maldonado Esteban Santiago; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Educación BásicaThe objective of this research was to investigate the influence of reading in the development of the general culture of the students of the fifth level of the Basic Education Career at the Technical University of Ambato. The research design was nonexperimental, with a mixed approach and a descriptive level, within a bibliographic and field modality; the techniques used were a test and an interview with the students, and a 15-question questionnaire and a focus group were used as instruments. The population examined was 33 students and its line of research was social and educational behavior. Through the test, the following results were obtained: the students have an average of 10.70 out of 15 points, and in the interview, it is highlighted that most of them perceive reading as a fundamental tool for the development of their general culture. Finally, it was concluded that based on the average obtained, the students have a moderately acceptable level of general knowledge and that reading broadens their knowledge, improves their understanding of the world and strengthens their communication skills, especially relevant for their future teaching workItem Ejercicios de soplo en el desarrollo del lenguaje articulatorio en niños y niñas de 3 a 4 años(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Educación Inicial, 2025-06-25) Guevara Paredes Jennifer Isabel; Bustos Yépez Morayma Jimena; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Educación InicialThe present research, titled "Blowing Exercises in the Development of Articulatory Language in Children Aged 3 to 4 Years," aimed to assess the impact of blowing exercises on improving articulatory language during the preschool stage. To achieve this, three specific objectives were established: to diagnose the initial level of articulatory skills, to implement a set of activities involving blowing exercises, and to evaluate the changes in language development after the intervention.The pretest results showed that 75% of the children were at an initial level with difficulties in phoneme articulation, 25% were at an intermediate level, and none reached an advanced level. Following the intervention, the post test revealed significant improvement: 90% of the participants achieved an appropriate final level of articulation, and 10% remained at the intermediate level, with no cases remaining at the initial level. The statistical analysis supported these improvements, yielding a p-value of 1.809e-11, which is significantly lower than the standard significance level (α = 0.05). This allows for the rejection of the null hypothesis (H₀) and the acceptance of the alternative hypothesis (H₁). Therefore, the statistical evidence confirms that the intervention had a significant effect. In conclusion, blowing exercises prove to be an effective strategy for strengthening articulatory skills in young children.Item El uso de los bloques lógicos en la comprensión de la noción (número – cantidad) en el subnivel inicial 2.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Educación Inicial, 2025-01-29) Lascano Ulpo Jhonatan Alexander; Estupiñán Guamani Milena Aracely; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Educación InicialThe research topic is based on the use of the logical blocks for the comprehension of the notion of number quantity in the initial sub-level 2 of the Educational Unit “La Providencia”, which aims to assess how this type of material contributes to the development of the comprehension of the notion of number quantity in this age group. The present research focuses on the collection of data through reliable sources, an observation sheet with a MINEDUC assessment scale was used to evaluate the notion number quantity, this was used in two moments, a pre to diagnose and a post to assess, in addition, activities were applied on the understanding of the notion number quantity with the use of logical blocks, this in the form of intervention. This instrument was validated by experts and was subjected to a Cronbach's Alpha test where it obtained a reliability level of 0.955. It is important to emphasize that it follows a positivist paradigm, which is characterized by being quantitative, focused on the testing of hypotheses by means of statistical analysis such as the decision rule, the research design is pre-experimental. The scope of the study is correlational, since, through the studied population, the variables will be related to identify predictable patterns. The data obtained from the pre and post application of the observation sheet were analyzed by means of the Wilcoxon signed ranks test, which allowed validating the hypothesis that the activities of the use of logical blocks for the understanding of the notion of number and quantity contribute positively to the development of mathematical logical thinking. The conclusions revealed that the initial diagnosis showed diverse competencies in the understanding of the notion of number-quantity among children, which highlights the need to adapt strategies and educational activities designed to promote the understanding of this notion proved to be effective in order to contribute to the development of the notion of number-quantity, with significant improvements observed in the post application, this reveals the importance of implementing innovative strategies to promote the development of mathematical logical thinking and understanding of notions, especially that of number-quantityItem Barra de equilibrio Montessori en el desarrollo del control postural en niños de 4 a 5 años(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Educación Inicial, 2025-01-24) Fiallos Pallo Mary Elizabeth; Rosero Morales Elena del Rocío; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Educación InicialThe purpose of this research is to establish the use of the Montessori balance beam in the development of postural control in children aged 4 to 5 years. It consisted of theoretically establishing the use of the Montessori balance beam in the development of postural control in children aged 4 to 5 years. It consisted of theoretically establishing the use of various sources such as scientific articles, magazines, books and repositories, which allowed us to gather information that was essential for the study of the variables and the fulfillment of the research objectives such as: “Theoretically determining the characteristics of the balance beam in the development of postural control”, “finding the relationship between the Montessori balance beam in the development of postural control” and also “Identifying the level of development of postural control”. The methodology is based on a qualitative bibliographical research, which allowed us to apply the following instruments: a checklist with the observation technique in children and teachers, the instrument “open question script” with the interview technique that allowed us to complete this research. The need to conduct research at the “17 de Abril” Educational Unit is due to the little knowledge that was had about the Montessori balance beam in the development of postural control. After observation, it can be stated that the Montessori balance beam is a great contribution to the development of postural control and favors gross motor development. Keywords: balance beam, postural control, development, motor.Item Los pictogramas en la comprensión lectora de los estudiantes de segundo y tercer grado de Educación General Básica de la Unidad Educativa “Gabriela Mistral”, de la ciudad de Latacunga(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Educación Básica, 2025-01-16) Saragosín Tandalla Mario Germán; Mera Constante Medardo Alfonso; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Educación BásicaThe objective of this research was to analyze the relationship between pictograms and the reading comprehension of students in second and third grade of General Basic Education at the “Gabriela Mistral” Educational Unit in the city of Latacunga, in order to determine if they help in the reading comprehension of students. A bibliographic and field modality was used, a mixed approach and a non-experimental design of transversal type. The level was descriptive, since the characteristics of the independent and dependent variables were described. The population consisted of two teachers, one from the second and the other from the third grade; and 15 students from the second and 25 from the third grade of General Basic Education. For data collection, the techniques used were interview, test and direct observation with their respective instruments: interview guide, questionnaire and checklist, which were reviewed and validated by experts in the area. The results show that pictograms are a very useful resource when it comes to stimulating reading comprehension in students. Furthermore, satisfactory data were obtained through the questionnaire and the checklist: 97.5% of the students were able to answer questions from a pictogram reading. It was concluded that pictograms are a resource that helps to improve reading comprehension, since they are a visual resource that captures the students' attention, making them focus on the activity and achieve the levels of literal, inferential and critical comprehension.Item El Método de la Creatividad en el Desarrollo de la Motricidad Gruesa en los Estudiantes de Preparatoria de la Unidad Educativa Riobamba(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Maestría en Educación con Mención en Educación Física y Deporte, 2025-01-13) Ponce Ochoa Karina Magali; Jiménez Ruiz Luis Alfredo; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Maestría en Educación con Mención en Educación Física y DeporteThe present research with the theme “The Creativity Method in the development of Gross Motor Skills in High School Students of the Riobamba Educational Unit”, aims to determine how the Creativity Method influences the Development of Gross Motor Skills in Students. The study presents a type of quasi-experimental correlational descriptive-explanatory research with a mixed approach. Regarding the qualitative analysis, a global observation study was carried out in which it was possible to diagnose the level of management of the creativity method applied to the Teacher of the Physical Education area. For the quantitative analysis, work was carried out on the processing of numerical data, its scope allowed to evaluate the level of gross motor skills in students, in addition to knowing the causes, testing hypotheses and clarifying criteria for improvement in possible cases of gross motor deficit in high school students. For the study, a sample of 31 students corresponding to the “B” parallel was taken. For the execution of the project, a field methodology was used with the application of instruments and techniques such as: direct observation, the observation guide and the application of the TGMD3 test validated by experts in the specific area. For the registration and processing of results, Excel Ad Hoc documents and the SPSS 25 statistical package were used. Finally, the intervention of a didactic guide with creative, recreational and specific activities for the development of Gross Motor Skills in High School Students was carried out, which revealed as results a positive and statistically significant effect on High School students, thus rejecting the null hypothesis in the research, which determines the creativity method as an essential tool for the development of gross motor skills in students at this level of education.Item El equilibrio estático y dinámico en el desarrollo propioceptivo y vestibular en el nivel inicial II.(Carrera de Educación Inicial, 2024-07-01) Llambo Quisingo, Jazmin Elizabeth; Acosta Bones, Silvia BeatrizEl tema de investigación se basa en el equilibrio estático y dinámico en el desarrollo propioceptivo y vestibular en niños del nivel inicial II de la Unidad Educativa Básica Jerusalén, el cual tiene como objetivo analizar cómo estos tipos de equilibrio influyen en el desarrollo de las habilidades propioceptivas y vestibulares en este grupo de edad. La investigación se enfoca en la recopilación de datos mediante fuentes confiables y utiliza una ficha de observación tipo escala de Likert para evaluar a los niños antes y después de las actividades de intervención, validada por expertos y con un alto nivel de confiabilidad (Alfa de Cronbach de 0,945). Además, sigue un paradigma positivista, que se caracteriza por ser cuantitativo, centrado en la comprobación de hipótesis mediante análisis estadísticos, el diseño de la investigación es preexperimental, seleccionando grupos sin aleatoriedad para probar la variable del equilibrio en niños, el alcance del estudio es alcance relacional, caracterizando la población estudiada y relacionando variables para identificar patrones predecibles, bibliográfica documental, recopilando información de fuentes verificables para respaldar teóricamente las variables. Los datos obtenidos del pretest y postest se analizaron mediante la prueba de rangos con signo de Wilcoxon, verificando la hipótesis de que las actividades de equilibrio influyen positivamente en el desarrollo de estas habilidades. Las conclusiones revelaron que el diagnóstico inicial mostró diversas competencias en percepción corporal y equilibrio entre los niños, destacando la necesidad de adaptar las estrategias educativas y las actividades diseñadas para promover el equilibrio demostraron ser efectivas para estimular el desarrollo propioceptivo y vestibular, con mejoras significativas observadas en el postest, esto subraya la importancia de continuar implementando estrategias similares para fomentar el desarrollo integral de los niños en términos motores y sensorialesItem El juego cambiando lugares en el desarrollo de la noción de espacio proyectivo(Carrera de Educación Parvularia, 2024-02-01) Acosta Zapata, Walter Patricio; Andrade Zurita, Sylvia JeannetteEsta investigación fue de tipo mixto cualitativo y cuantitativo atreves de la observación el cual se realizó u proceso de seguimiento en el cual se trata de crear una noción en los niños, como es el espacio proyectivo a través del juego el cual constituye uno de los marcos lógico –matemático fundamentalmente, que ha de servir para el futuro pensamiento abstracto formal. Resulta inquietante que el docente utilice un método o estrategia que es en este caso el juego cambiando lugares cómo enseñanza aprendizaje ya que es considerado como un momento de ocio o relajación, pues de ello dependerá obtener la noción espacial en los primeros años de vida escolar y pre escolar, debido a las actividades para aprendizaje que ayudan a formen nociones de carácter proyectivo y euclidiano que garantice , los principios y comprensión fundamental y física de la utilización del método del el juego cambiando lugares para el desarrollo de una noción espacialItem Ciencia divertida para el desarrollo del pensamiento científico en el subnivel inicial 2.(2024-02-01) Ramos Ureta, Liliana Noemí; Sánchez Fernández, IrelysEn el ámbito educativo, la investigación y la innovación son pilares fundamentales, pues el reinventar, diseñar y probar nuevas tácticas para hacer que el conocimiento llegue a las personas, ayuda al desarrollo integral de los individuos, sobre todo en los más pequeños; para ello este proyecto investigativo tuvo como finalidad principal el analizar la relevancia de la ciencia divertida en el fomento del pensamiento científico en el subnivel inicial 2, así como evaluar el nivel de desarrollo del pensamiento científico en niños de 4 a 5 años en la Unidad Educativa Celso Augusto Rodríguez. Para alcanzar estos objetivos, se empleó una metodología basada en un enfoque mixto, combinando elementos cualitativos y cuantitativos para abordar el proceso y explorar las metodologías para el desarrollo del pensamiento científico. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo mediante la técnica de observación, utilizando una ficha especial como instrumento, aplicada a la totalidad de la población infantil, compuesta por 30 niños en la mencionada Unidad Educativa. Además, se realizaron entrevistas a las cuatro docentes a través de una guía de preguntas estructurada. Los resultados se presentaron de manera visual mediante tablas y gráficos estadísticos, que se complementaron con la triangulación de información derivada de las entrevistas a los docentes. Las conclusiones obtenidas revelaron que los niños poseen habilidades colaborativas e interés en la realización de experimentos divertidos bajo la supervisión docente. Se encontró que estas actividades contribuyen significativamente al desarrollo del pensamiento científico en los niños. En consecuencia, se recomienda que los educadores dediquen mayor atención a la implementación de actividades relacionadas con la ciencia divertida en el subnivel inicial 2. Además, se sugiere la creación de un "Manual de Experimentos Científicos Divertidos" dirigido a niños de 4 a 5 años, con el objetivo de potenciar aún más el desarrollo del pensamiento científico, siempre y cuando exista la colaboración e interés de los alumnos. En síntesis, este estudio destaca la importancia de integrar la ciencia divertida en la educación inicial para cultivar el pensamiento científico en los niños, proponiendo acciones concretas que puedan ser implementadas por los docentes para enriquecer la experiencia educativa de los pequeños en este ámbito.