Maestría en Nutrición vegetal
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/31989
Browse
9 results
Search Results
Item Efecto de soluciones nutritivas en sistema semi hidropónico automatizado sobre la respuesta morfológica, fisiológica, rendimiento agrícola y calidad de Fragaria ananassa Duch. var Albión(2024-08) Garcés Yugcha, Edison Israel; Leiva Mora, MichelThe objective of the present study was to determine the effect of nutrient solutions in an automated semi hydroponic system on the morphological, physiological, agricultural yield, and quality response of Fragaria ananassa Duch. var Albión in Tungurahua province, Tisaleo canton. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 4 treatments of different nutrient solutions was used: standard nutrient solution (T1), 25% reduced standard nutrient solution (T2), 12.5% increased standard nutrient solution (T3), and 25% increased standard nutrient solution (T4). The standard solution was based on the crop's requirements for each phenological stage, with the growth and development stage being the most representative at 29.03 ppm N, 4.23 ppm P, 23.79 ppm K, 14.38 ppm Ca, 4.07 ppm Mg, and 1.96 ppm S; and the fruiting stage at 19.38 ppm N, 3.28 ppm P, 22.57 ppm K, 6.44 ppm Ca, 3.18 ppm Mg, and 1.25 ppm S. Variables such as plant height, stolon number, leaflet number per plant, root length, leaf and root dry mass, fruit weight by category, average yield (g/plant), and soluble solids content were evaluated from transplanting to 176 DAT. The outstanding results showed significant differences (P<0.05) in the effect of the different nutrient solutions on root length, fruit weight by category, and soluble solids content. It was concluded that from the growth and development stage, the standard nutrient solution (T1) showed the best results, while for the physiological characteristics, the best results were obtained with the 12.5% increased standard nutrient solution (T3).Item Uso de fertilización foliar con sulfato de zinc en variedades de Solanum tuberosum L. para incrementar el contenido de zinc en sus tubérculos(2024-05) Romero Larrea, Carlos Aníbal; Dobronski Arcos, Jorge EnriqueIn Ecuador, there is a significant deficiency of zinc in the population's diet. One of the strategies to improve the bioavailability of this trace element is the potatoes biofortification. The experimental part of the study was carried out at the Querochaca Campus of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Technical University of Ambato, located in Cevallos canton. The research used a factorial design (A*B*C), made up of 3 factors: (A) Potato varieties (INIAP-Fripapa and Chaucha roja), (B) Number of applications in foliar fertilization (0, 1, 2 and 3) and Form of foliar application (Manual spray pump and motor spray pump), with a total of 16 treatments and three replicates. In the experiment, the plots of each treatment were 21.6 m2 , in which 30 potato seeds were sown. During data processing, the Statgraphics Centurión XVI statistician was used to find the Analysis of Variance and the Mean Comparison Tests, using Tukey (5%). The results of the research determined T16 (Chaucha roja potato - 3 applications of Zinc sulfate - Motor) as the best treatment, obtaining an increase of 19.4 mg Zn/kg potato bs. (112.14%) with regard to the control treatment. On the other hand, the maximum increase achieved in INIAP-Fripapa was in treatment T8 (INIAP-Fripapa- 3 applications of Zinc sulfate- Motor), with an increase of 5.7 mg Zn/kg potato bs. (30%) respecting to the control. To conclude, the fertilizations that were carried out with Zinc Sulfate during the cultivation of the two potato varieties resulted in an increase in zinc in the tubers, without negatively affecting the weight of harvested tubers/plant, or the yield of tubers/ha.Item Equilibrio catiónico en la productividad del cultivo de tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum Cav.) variedad amarillo gigante(2023-12) Morocho Quishpi, María Manuela; Guerrero Cando, David AníbalThe cultivation of tree tomato (Solanum betaceum) in Ecuador energizes the local economy of small and medium producers in the provinces of Carchi, Imbabura, Cotopaxi, Tungurahua and Chimborazo, however, poor nutritional management results in a considerable reduction of productivity and quality of the fruit. In the El Altar parish, Penipe, the productive response of the tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav) giant yellow variety to the application of three cationic balances T1 (55% Ca, 20% K, 25 Mg), T2 (60%) was determined. Ca, 30%K, 10%Mg), T3 (80% Ca, 15%K, 5%Mg). Different variables were evaluated, such as fruit weight and diameter, number of fruit plant-1, plant yield-1, yield ha-1. and % dry matter. The results demonstrated that there is a positive relationship between the cationic balance doses on the yield of tree tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav). In particular, the T2 treatment of cationic balance (60% Ca, 30% K, 10% Mg) is the one that presented the best response for the agronomic variables under study with a productivity of 44 Tn. ha-1. All treatments evaluated, including the absolute control, were profitable because the benefit-cost ratio was greater than unity. However, the highest level of profitability was achieved with the use of the cationic balance (60% Ca, 30% K, 10% Mg) with a value of 2,9 In short, the study shows that the optimal balance of cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+) in the soil can significantly improve the productivity and profitability of tree tomato cultivation.Item Efecto del uso de biofertilizantes sobre los parámetros productivos y rendimiento de col (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.)(2023-06) Corrales Gutiérrez, Paul Andrés; Gutiérrez Albán, Alberto CristóbalCabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) is one of the most important commercial vegetables worldwide; however, in many cases a decrease in productivity has been observed, together with an increase in production costs and dependence on external inputs, which consequently represents a deterioration in the quality of life of farmers and damage to the environment. In this sense, the objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the use of biofertilizers on the productive parameters and yield of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata). The effect of a commercial Azotobacter biofertilizer was evaluated, which was applied at the 25-day-old seedling level individually or combined with inorganic fertilizer (NPK) in presentations of 80-40-40 NPK kg.ha-1, 120-60- 60 NPK kg.ha-1 and 160-80-80 NPK kg.ha-1. A significant effect of the use of Azotobacter + F2-120-60-60 NPK kg.ha-1 on plant height was observed, which was evident from the evaluations at 30, 60 and 90 days after transplanting with means of 17.75; 32.30 and 52.68 cm, respectively. This treatment also showed the best results in diameter, pellet weight and yield, with 20.5 cm diameter pellets being obtained, with an average weight of 4.2 kg and an average yield of 116.8 t.ha1, while that with the rest of the treatments the yield varied from 66.9 to 77.5 t.ha-1, which represented a decrease of 42.9 and 33.7%. Based on the results, it was shown that the use of conventional inorganic fertilizers in combination with Azotobacter-based biofertilizers promotes the productive parameters of this crop, so it is concluded that this could be a viable option in the production of cabbageItem Evaluación del comportamiento del cilantro (Coriandrum sativum) bajo diferentes niveles de nitrógeno en el cantón Colta, provincia de Chimborazo(2023-06) Cuvi Ramírez, Edisson Geovanny; López Villacís, Isabel CristinaCoriander is a crop of economic importance for its culinary and pharmaceutical uses; however, its productivity can be affected by both weather variations and deficiencies in fertilization plans. In the present investigation, the effect of the nitrogen fertilization dose on the yield and quality of the coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) crop was evaluated in Canton Colta, province of Chimborazo, using three sources of nitrogenous fertilizers (urea, ammonium nitrate and Ferthigue) were used at three doses levels (high, medium and low) on the parameters plant height, number of petioles, root length, fresh weight of the plant, time to harvest and yield in purple coriander plants. The experiment was conducted under a split plot design. As results, an interaction effect was found between the source and the dose of the fertilizer applied on the growth of coriander plant measured at 57, 70 and 90 days after sowing. In a similar way, an interaction effect between the source and fertilization dose on the fresh weight in coriander plants was detected, while only the individual effect of the fertilization source in root length and petiole number was observed. Finally, no effect of either the source or the dose was found on the number of plumules per plant or on the time to harvest. Based on the economic analysis, the highest cost-benefit ratio was achieved with urea and ammonium nitrate in the highest doses, however, given that the organic fertilizer also showed promising results, its inclusion is suggested in order to reduce the negative effect of inorganic fertilizers.Item Efecto de la aplicación de dos fertilizantes edáficos y tres fertilizantes foliares sobre la producción y rentabilidad del cultivo de banano (Musa AAA.) en el cantón Baba(2023-06) Mendoza Campelo, Carlos Alberto; León Gordón, Olguer AlfredoBanana (Musa spp. AAA) cultivation is important in many countries, and its nutrition is essential for optimal production and profitability. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of different soil and foliar fertilizers on the production and profitability of banana cultivation in the Baba canton. Several variables were evaluated, such as the height of the plant, the diameter of the pseudostem, the number of leaves and the weight of the bunch. The results showed that the different fertilizers and bionutrients applied had a positive impact on the banana crop of cv 'Galil 12' Gran dwarf superior (Musa spp. AAA, Cavendish subgroup). In particular, the combination of Fertcampo+Pronter Plus and Fertcampo+Bionutriente increased bunch weight and the number of hands per bunch, while the combination of Fertcampo+Bionutriente, Multifert+Natura Energy and Fertcampo+Natura Energy increased rachis weight. In addition, the interaction between edaphic and foliar fertilizers significantly affected the bunch weight and the rachis weight of the 'Galil 12' Gran enano superior cultivar, which suggests the importance of adequate fertilization to achieve a better yield. All the treatments tested, including the commercial control of the company Inversiones Dalton Valarezo, were profitable because the benefitcost ratio was greater than unity. However, the highest level of profitability was achieved with the use of Multifert + Fronter Plus and Multifert + Natura Energy Plus. In conclusion, this study shows that the proper use of soil and foliar fertilizers can significantly improve the production and profitability of banana cultivation, which may have important implications for the banana industry and for the reduction of environmental problemsItem Análisis de extracto de savia para determinar el estado nutricional del cultivo de rosa(2023-02) Miranda Guevara, Carla Jasmin; Lindao Córdova, Víctor AlbertoThe present research work seeks to determine the nutritional levels of the rose bush by means of rapid measurement equipment in situ, in order to recommend and evaluate the efficiency of fertigation. For the measurements of the nutrient content in the sap, vegetative stems were used in the rice state, monitoring the collection temperature of the samples at 15 °C, 10 stems were cut for each repetition, defoliating and measuring 10 cm of the stem, they were crushed. the pieces of stems and the sap was extracted by means of a syringe, these samples were placed in the Horiba sensors for analysis. The nutrient solutions of the soil were extracted from the suction lysimeter or sucker, by means of an emptying of the sucker and they were placed in the horiba sensors for their respective analysis. It was found that the higher the temperature and radiation, the higher the absorption of the elements at the sap level, likewise, the lower these parameters are, the lower the absorption at the sap level. In the case of the sucker analysis, the higher the temperature, the nutrient content in the solution will be higher, because evapotranspiration allows a greater flow of masses and movement of the elements contained in the soil, otherwise it occurs when the temperature and radiation are less. Therefore, it is determined that the use of the Horiba meters allows a quick and efficient assessment of the absorption of nutrients in the cultivation of the rose.Item Influencia del Metalosato de calcio sobre las características agronómicas y el rendimiento del brócoli (Brassica oleracea L.) Var. Avenger(2022-10) Muñoz Pazos, José Luis; Pérez Salinas, Marco OswaldoBroccoli cultivation is produced under intensive management systems in Ecuador and has been one of the agricultural products dedicated to export for about 30 years. The objective of this work was to determine the influence of calcium metalosate on the agronomic characteristics and the commercial yield of broccoli in the Poaló, canton Latacunga, province of Cotopaxi. The research was carried out in the open field with a quantitative approach of the experimental type. A randomized complete block design with a 3 x 3 + 1 factorial arrangement with 3 replications was used. Three doses of metalosate and three frequencies of application were analyzed. The following variables were evaluated: weight of the pellet, equatorial diameter of the pellet, calcium content (%), index of compaction of the pellet, diameter of the stem, formation of the dome, days to harvest, dry matter content of the leaves and calcium content in the leaves. According to the results obtained, there were no statistically significant differences on the weight of the pellet, the equatorial diameter of the pella of B. oleracea Var. Avenger (40 days after transplant). When calcium metalosate was used at 0.5 cc/L every 10 days, the greatest hardness or compaction of the pellet was achieved. With the exception of the doses of 0.5 cc/L every 10 and every 30 days, as well as the control, the rest of the treatment used increased the stem diameter values. Treatments T1, T3, T4, T6, T7, T8 and T9 had a better formation of the dome of B. oleracea Var. avenger. In the plants that were not applied calcium metalosate, the formation of the dome was compromised. In treatments T1, T2, T4, T5 and T9, the days to harvest were significantly reduced. At 79 days after transplantation, the highest dry matter content of the leaves was observed in the plants that did not receive calcium metalosate applications. However, the highest calcium content in the leaves was obtained when 1 ml.L-1 of calcium metallosate was applied every 15 days. With the foliar application of calcium metalosates, it was possible to improve the agronomic quality of broccoli, which is an aspect of great importance to reduce deformities, lack of weight and improve the compaction of B. oleracea Var. Avenger.Item Evaluación de giberelina y citoquinina en la inducción floral y rendimiento del cultivo de fresa (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) Variedad Albión(2022-08) Valle Naranjo, Gustavo Daniel; León Gordón, Olguer AlfredoThe present work was done at Cevallos Canton, Tungurahua province and the aim was to determine the effect of gibberellin (AG3) and Cytokinin (Kinetin) on flower induction and yield of Fragaria ananassa Duch. cultivar “Albión” because not any studies have been executed in this scenario. During the experimental development in trial for the first flowering cycle the following variables were evaluated; days to flowering and number of flower per plant at the first producing cycle (3 months), also number of fruits per plant, fresh weight of fruits, equadorial and polar diameter, Total Solid Solubles (TSS), dry matter, yield per hectare and Benefic. Cost rate were. When we applied 5.0 mg.L-1 AG3 + 25 mg.L-1 kinetin, the days to flowering were reduced in 12.5%, 13.8% of fresh weight increased respect to control without hormones. When 15 mg.L-1 AG3 + 0.375 mg.L-1 Kinetin were applied flower numbers increased in 20% and number of fruits in 17,4%. The spray of 10 mg.L-1 AG3 + 0.250 mg.L-1 Kinetin increased equadorial diameter in 1.3% and the polar diameter in 2.0 %. After application of 5.0 mg.L-1 AG3 + 0.375 mg.L1 Kinetin dry matter was higher in 1.16 % respect to control. Combined mixtures of 5.0 mg.L-1 AG3 + 0.125 mg.L-1 Kinetin, 10 mg.L-1 AG3 + 0.375 mg.L-1 Kinetin and 15,0 mg.L-1 AG3 + 0.250 mg.L-1 Kinetin, reduced acidity in 0.48% in comparison with the control. For Total Solids Soluble no effect was observed after AG3 and Kinetin in any combination. The most profitable treatment was the application of 5.0 mg.L-1 AG3 + 0.250 mg.L-1 Kinetin, which reach $ 0.37 per invested dollar. The mixture of AG3 and Kinetin using different doses and combinations in F. ananassa, variety Albión, let us an efficient managements of flower induction, increased yield for selecting the best combination of plant hormones to reach higher profitability, aspect of great concern to farmers of strawberry at Cevallos Canton from Tungurahua province. Keywords: GA3, Albión, biostimulant, phytohormone, phytoregulator, bloom, Fragaria, strawberry, gibberellin, kinetin.