Tesis Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia

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    Evaluación de harina de canela (Cinnamomum verum) sobre los índices productivos y morfometría de órganos linfoides en pollos de engorde
    (2024-02) Silva Arévalo, Daniela Alexandra; Guerrero López, Jorge Ricardo
    The objective of this study was to analyze different percentages of cinnamon flour addition in broiler chicken diets, with 0.05%, 0.075% and 0.1% being evaluated, and their effects on production indices and cost/cost ratio. benefit of different treatments. Four different treatments were studied, including a control with 0% cinnamon flour. For this work, a completely randomized statistical design was carried out, which consists of three repetitions for each treatment applied, which presented 10 experimental units adding up to a total of 120 chickens. The analysis of the means was performed using Tukey's statistical test at 95% reliability. It was divided into three stages of productive period, initial (0-7 days), growth (8-21 days), and fattening (22- 35 days). It was concluded that in the different stages, it was established that the best treatment was T3, on day 28 with greater weights in the spleen (1.3 g), bursa (2.2 g) and thymus (4.4 g), with respect to on day 35, there are no statistically significant differences between the treatments, and regarding the cumulative analysis, differences were obtained in terms of final weight and European deficiency index, with the most viable treatment being T3 with the addition of 0.1% cinnamon flour. by presenting good productive performance and a cost/benefit ratio of 1.4 points. Keywords: broiler chickens, cinnamon flour, production indices.
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    Evaluación del aceite residual de comida rápida sobre los índices productivos en pollos de engorde
    (2023-09) Sailema Criollo, Bryan Andrés; Guerrero López, Jorge Ricardo
    The objective of this study was to analyze different percentages of addition of residual oil in diets of broilers, being evaluated 1.5%, 2% and 2.5%, and their effects on production indices and cost/benefit ratio. of the different treatments. Four different treatments were studied, including a control with 0% residual oil, for the present work a completely random statistical design was carried out, which consists of five repetitions for each treatment applied, which presented 10 experimental units adding a total of 200 chickens. The analysis of the means was carried out using Tukey's statistical test at 95% reliability. It was divided into three stages of productive period, initial (0-7 days), growth (8-21 days), and fattening (22-35 days and 36-42 days). It was concluded that in the different stages there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of productive performance, however, in an accumulated analysis differences were obtained in terms of final weight and European efficiency index, being the most viable treatment T1 with the addition of 1,5 % of residual oil, presenting a good productive performance and a cost/benefit ratio of 1.19 points.
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    Evaluación de tres niveles de un regulador metabólico orgánico sobre los índices productivos y bioquímica sanguínea en pollos de engorde
    (2023-03) Santana Moya, María Belén; Quinteros Pozo, Orlando Roberto
    The experimentation was carried out to evaluate a metabolic regulator and how it can affect productive parameters and blood chemistry in broilers. This trial was carried out with the administration of 1 ml of metabolic regulator per liter of drinking water during the last 5 days of each stage in which the experiment was carried out (initial, growth and completion) and compared with the control group without the metabolic regulator. For this experiment, 300 birds were divided into four experimental units named T0, T1, T2, T3, each with three repetitions of 25 chicks. At the end of each stage, the necessary data were obtained to measure the productive parameters (initial weight, final weight, feed consumption, feed conversion, mortality) and blood chemistry with the objective of establishing the liver health of the birds by measuring the serum levels of ALT, AST, FA, GGTA, urea, cholesterol and triglycerides. Analysis of Variance and the Turkey Test were used for data analysis. Thus, the results obtained for the productive parameters are significant (P>0.05) for the initial stage or T1 with these results: weight gain of 183.45g, feed consumption 213.8g, Feed Conversion of 1.16 and a 0% mortality and in the growth stage or T3 with a weight gain of 300.29g, feed consumption of 561.36g, Feed Conversion of 1.53 and a 0% mortality, in the growth stage or T2 there was no significant difference with the product used with the following results: Weight gain of 240.12 g, feed consumption with 354.91gr, feed conversion of 1.48, and a mortality of 1.33%. Blood biochemistry results showed lower serum levels of AST, GGT, ALT, FA, which indicate that there is no liver damage compared to the control group
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    Evaluación de un sustrato gluconeogénico sobre los índices productivos y perfil lipídico en pollos de engorde
    (2023-03) Ibarra Silva, Flor Daniela; Guerrero López, Jorge Ricardo
    The objective of this research was to evaluate different proportions of inclusion of a gluconeogenic substrate (0:100; 25:75; 50:50; 75:25; 100:0), on the productive indices, lipid profile and cost/benefit of each one of the treatments. A completely randomized design (DCA) was used, with five treatments, one of them as control, together with five repetitions, with 10 experimental units, with a total of 250 broilers; The separation of means was performed with the Tukey statistical test at 95% reliability. Three physiological stages were evaluated: initial (0-14 days), growth (15-28 days) and final stage (29-46 days). It was concluded that the best treatment was T1 with an inclusion of gluconeogenic substrate and palm oil of 25:75 respectively, presenting good productive indices and economic viability. Statistical differences were presented for the final weight and feed consumption, but for feed conversion, carcass yield and IEE, no statistical differences were obtained. In the same way, the analytes of the lipid profile are within the range for the five treatments.
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    Evaluación la harina de hoja de yuca (Manihot esculenta) sobre la pigmentación e índices productivos en pollos de engorde
    (2023-03) Riera Suarez, Jerson Alexander; Guerrero López, Jorge Ricardo
    The objective of this research was to evaluate different levels of integration of cassava leaf meal (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%), on productive indices such as feed conversion, weight gain, mortality, carcass yield, also determine the degree of pigmentation and the benefit/cost of each treatment; For this, a completely randomized design (DCA) was used, which had 4 treatments, of which one of them corresponded to the control, six repetitions per treatment and consisting of 10 experimental units for each repetition, making a total of 240. chickens used. The distribution of means was analyzed using Tukey's statistical test at 99% reliability. Three stages were evaluated, the first was the initial stage (1 - 8 days of age), the second was the development stage (9 - 28 days of age) and the last one was the finishing stage (29 - 45 days of age). It was determined that the best result corresponded to T1 with an inclusion level of 2% of M. esculenta flour, presenting the best results and significant differences in terms of final weight and weight gain. However, no significant differences were found in relation to feed conversion, carcass yield and pigmentation.
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    Evaluación del efecto anticoccidial de la saponina de alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) adicionada en la dieta de pollos de engorde
    (2022-09) López Gutiérrez, Mijael Alexander; Rosero Peñaherrera, Marco Antonio
    The research work was carried out in the Chiquicha parish of Pelileo canton, Tungurahua province, located at 2598 meters above sea level at 1°16'0'' south latitude and 78°31'60'' west longitude. The objective was to evaluate the anticoccidial effect of alfalfa saponin (Medicago sativa L) included in the diet of broilers, a completely randomized design (DCA) was applied with 4 treatments: T1 (10 g of alfalfa saponin extract /40 kg of feed), T2 (20 g of saponin extract from alfalfa/40 kg of feed), T3 (30 g of saponin extract from alfalfa/40 kg of feed) and T4 (0 g of saponin extract from alfalfa). alfalfa/40 kg of food) with 3 repetitions. The results obtained were for the variable number of oocysts/g of feces, on day 19 (5 post inoculation) and 21 (7 post inoculation) being the best T (10 - S), T (20 - S) and T (30 –S) with a mean of 0.00 ooq/g, on day 23 (9 post inoculation) the best treatment was T (30 - S) with a value of 50.00 ooq/g. On day 25 (11 post inoculation) the best result is presented by treatment T (20 – S) with a value of 166.67 ooq/g, for day 27 (13 post inoculation) the best result was obtained in T (30 – S) with a value of 333.33 ooq/g, on day 35 (21 post inoculation) the value of 1450.00 ooq/g was for treatment T (30 - S), on day 42 (28 post inoculation) and 49 (35 post inoculation) the same behavior was presented as in the previous days, obtaining a value of 25626.67 ooq/g and 104150.00 ooq/g respectively. Finally, on day 56 (42 post inoculation) the best result was T (30 – S) with 107416.67 ooq/g, while the treatment that presented the highest number of oocysts in the investigation is (T – 0). On the other hand, the productive indices such as: live weight, feed conversion and European index were better in the birds fed with alfalfa saponin extract, while weight gain was better in the treatment that did not include the saponin extract in its feed. diet.
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    Efecto de la restricción alimentaria sobre los índices productivos e incidencia de ascitis en pollos COBB 500
    (2022-03) Rodríguez Zea, Karla Fernanda; Guerrero López, Jorge Ricardo
    In this study, 120 birds were randomized in an experimental setup (DCA), to examine how food restriction affected production rates and the incidence of ascites in COBB 500 hens. Experimental animals were split into four blocks, each with three repetitions: control (T0), ten percent (T1), fifteen percent (T2), and twenty percent (20%) limitations. From day 1 to day 20, the same nutritional table, vaccination regimen, and management system were followed, in line with the needs and recommendations of the Cobb 500 dietary tables (2018). According to Cobb Vantress tables, a quantitative restriction (10, 15, and 20%) was implemented as of day 21. Food was weighed daily from day 21 to 42 in accordance with the recommended restriction tables for each therapy. Analysis of variance and Tukey's test at 5% were used to analyze weights at weeks 1, 21, 35, and 42, weight increase, mortality, feed conversion, and production costs. We measured the presence of ascites from clinical observation and symptoms recorded (Table 13); postmortem organs and the interaction of the heart were analyzed. There were significant differences (p0.005) between the averages; T3 (20 percent limitation) produced the largest results in terms of productivity indices (table 4.5). As far as the incidence of the ascites syndrome is concerned, the T2 (15 percent restriction) and T3 (20 percent restriction) were the treatments of choice, regardless of the total ventricular mass and right ventricle, as well as postmortem symptoms and clinical signs. The clinical indications and pathologic changes they observed were minor in comparison to T0 (control) and T1 (10% limitation).
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    Efecto del vinagre de manzana sobre los índices productivos y pH intestinal en pollos de engorde en el cantón Cevallos
    (2022-02) Jarrin Yaguana, Melissa Estefanía; Guerrero, Jorge Ricardo
    In the present investigation entitled "Effect of apple cider vinegar on the productive indices and intestinal pH in broilers of the Cevallos canton ", three doses of commercial apple cider vinegar (Snob brand) were evaluated (1, 3, 5 ml / L) against a control from the first to the seventh week with a frequency of twice a week; The experimental design that was used was a completely randomized design (DCA) comprised of four treatments and six repetitions, the sample units were made up of 12 with a total of 288 chickens, the statistical analysis was carried out using the Tukey test at 95% of probability. The research consisted of two parts, the first being the field work, which once analyzing the results it was possible to show that the product indices in the three phases (initial, growth and fattening) there were significant differences, indicating that the T2 (3 ml / L) obtained higher values than the rest with a final weight of 2397.42 g, weight gain of 2355.13 g and feed conversion of 1.63. In the same way, the European Efficiency Index (EEI) was evaluated, in which it was determined that all treatments including the control obtained acceptable values, however the best was T2 with a value of 293.61. The second part of the research was the measurement of intestinal pH on two occasions, resulting in T2 (3 ml / L) obtaining lower pH values compared to the other treatments, on day 21 of age in the duodenal portion. had a value of (pH: 5.97), while in the following portions (jejunum and ileum) there was no significant difference, on day 42 it was obtained in the portion of the jejunum (pH: 6.34) and ileum (pH: 6, 12). The cost / benefit was analyzed where a minimum margin of profit was achieved between the treatments, with the control and T1 (1 ml) being the one with the greatest gain.
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    Efecto sinérgico del extracto micro-encapsulado de orégano (Origanum vulgare) y la vacuna (Fortegra) para el control de coccidios en pollos de engorde
    (2021-09) Remache Villacís, Adriana Cristina; Guerrero López, Jorge Ricardo
    A study was carried out where the effect of the essential oil of oregano (Lippia origanoides) on productive parameters in broilers infected with Eimeria acervulina and maxima experimentally at 14 days of age, for which 375 Cobb 500 male chickens were used, divided into 5 groups, with three repetitions, the first received basal diet, but was infected with 1x 105 oocysts each type of Eimeria, the second no oocysts were introduced and the basal diet was maintained, serving these as control groups, the remaining three were challenged against Eimeria, receiving diets with essential oil of oregano (Orego Stim) with doses of 300 and 600 mg / kg for groups 3 and 4, respectively, to the fifth salinomycin (SAL) was added to 60 mg / kg dose. By day 17 all groups show bloody diarrhea, except the SAL group, since those who added oregano to their diet, coccidiosis was lower, compared to the oocyst-infested control group. At 7 days, lesions in the small intestine (proximal and middle) in 9 birds of each replica, whose results indicate less damage for the groups treated with oregano and salinomycin. This shows that the essential oil (AEO) exerts an anticoccidial effect similar to the type of antibiotic evaluated, but more studies are needed to arrive at an effective dose.
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    Evaluación del extracto microencapsulado de jengibre (Zingiber officinale) sobre los índices productivos en pollos de engorde
    (2020-10) Núñez Sanaguano, Pamela Celeste; Guerrero, Jorge Ricardo
    The objective of this research was to evaluate the inclusion levels of microencapsulated Zingiber officinale (0.03, 0.035 and 0.04%) and its effect on the productive indexes in the rearing of broilers, as well as the cost benefit and Ingalls-Ortiz index per treatment; the experimental design used in this trial was a completely randomized design (DCA) with four treatments, one behaving as a control and 10 repetitions with a total of 10 experimental units (400 animals in total) with the respective Tukey analysis at 5 %; The preparation of the microencapsulation consisted of two phases, the first in which the Zingiber officinale was macerated with 99.9% ethyl alcohol in a 2: 1 ratio and left to stand in an amber bottle for 72 hours, obtaining a ginger extract, the same that was taken to the rotavapor; In the second phase, maltodextrin and gum arabic were used as microencapsulating components of the pure extract, which when homogenized in equal proportions with the extract and subsequent spray drying at an inlet temperature of 150 ˚C and an outlet temperature of 85 ˚C ; The microencapsulated product is obtained which was added to the animals, aided by a micro mixer in the concentrations of 0.03%, 0.035% and 0.04% by Tn to the diet, evaluating the three stages of development of the broiler chicken as follows: initial (0 at 14 days), growth (15-28 days) and final stage (29-46 days), it is concluded that the addition of Zingiber officinale in the first stage did not show a significant difference, in the growth stage the T1 (0.03%) the food consumption variable was highly significant with a value of 1342.70 in T1 (0.03%), significant in the variable weight gain 948.52 and food conversion of 1.42; the final stage behaved with the best productive performance to the addition of both 0.03% and 0.035%. being the best the one that corresponds to T2 (0.035%) with a weight of 1598.47, final weight of 2769.39 and a feed conversion of 1.84.