Ciencias Humanas y de la Educación
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Item Desarrollo de las habilidades motoras y la conducta adaptativa(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Psicología Educativa, 2025-07-14) Guevara Morales Jonatan Israel; Navas Franco Lourdes Elizabeth; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Psicología EducativaThis study was developed under the theme: "Relationship between motor skills and adaptive behavior in children aged 4 to 7 years at the Capitán Giovanni Calles Educational Unit in the Pelileo canton." The general objective was to analyze the correlation between motor skills and adaptive behavior in students in this age group, with the purpose of identifying their strengths and difficulties in order to propose appropriate educational strategies. The methodology employed was a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental, correlational design. At the research level, the study was divided into two levels: descriptive, which allowed for the characterization of children's motor and adaptive performance through quantifiable data; and correlational, which sought to establish the relationship between both variables. The population consisted of children in grades one through three. Two standardized instruments were used to collect data: the Test of Gross Motor Development - Third Edition (TGMD-3) to assess gross motor skills, and the Battelle Developmental Inventory - Second Edition (BDI-2) to measure the level of adaptive behavior in various functional areas.The results revealed significant variations in motor performance, with some children demonstrating adequate skills while others exhibited difficulties in coordination, balance, and object control. Regarding adaptive behavior, differences were identified in autonomy, communication, and behavioral regulation. Data analysis established a direct relationship between motor skills and adaptive behavior. In conclusion, it was determined that strengthening motor skills positively influences children's adaptive development, which highlights the importance of implementing comprehensive strategies within the educational process.Item Fundamentos técnicos del fútbol en la resistencia anaeróbica de los estudiantes de educación general básica superior(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y Deporte, 2025-07-07) Núñez Flores Carlos Daniel; Medina Paredes Segundo Víctor; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y DeporteThe main objective of this research, carried out at the Gonzalez Suarez Educational Unit, was to analyze the influence of the technical fundamentals of soccer on anaerobic endurance in students in training in Higher General Basic Education. The importance of strengthening this physical capacity in the school environment motivated the application of a specific program focusing on soccer techniques such as passing, driving, dribbling and finishing. The study was based on a quantitative approach, pre-experimental design, implementing physical tests pre and post intervention with a sample of 34 students. In order to evaluate anaerobic endurance, the 300-meter test was used, a tool validated in sports and school contexts. The results showed a significant improvement in anaerobic endurance capacity after the application of the program. At the beginning, 67.6% of the study sample presented low levels, a figure that was considerably reduced after the intervention, while 58.8% reached a good level category and only 8.8% an excellent level. The statistical analysis affirmed the validity of the hypothesis, indicating that the practice of the technical fundamentals of soccer had a positive effect on the anaerobic endurance capacity of the participants. It is concluded that the application of soccer technical elements in physical education classes favors the improvement of anaerobic endurance, favoring the well-being and physical performance of students. It is recommended to apply and strengthen this type of pedagogical strategies in other educational contexts in order to strengthen the health and physical performance of the student population.Item Ejercicios técnicos defensivos del futsal en las capacidades coordinativas de estudiantes de educación general básica media(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y Deporte, 2025-07-07) Mera Gómez Luis Alberto; Medina Paredes Segundo Víctor; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y DeporteThis research project was carried out with the objective of determining how these exercises influence the development of motor coordination in students. The research design was based on a quantitative approach, of an applied type, with a preexperimental design, explanatory scope, and longitudinal cut. The study was conducted at the “Jerusalén” Educational Unit, with a population of 30 students from Middle Basic General Education. The technique used was observation, and the KTK test (Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder), developed by Kiphard and Schilling, was applied as the measurement instrument to evaluate coordinative abilities. The intervention proposal was based on a program of defensive technical exercises from futsal, applied over six weeks, with two sessions per week, integrating practical activities aimed at improving skills such as balance, orientation, and coordination. As a result of the research, a significance value of less than 0.05 was determined in the statistical tests, which evidenced a positive progress after the application of the program, validating its effectiveness.Item La práctica del fototurismo y los geositios del Geoparque Volcán Tungurahua; caso de estudio: Cantón Pelileo(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Turismo, 2025-07-07) Bonilla Sánchez Alex Vladimir; Romo Rojas Mario Giovanni; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de TurismoThis study aimed to identify the potential of photo tourism in the geosites of the Tungurahua Volcano Geopark, with a particular focus on the Pelileo canton. The findings of this research and the data collected seek to contribute to the optimization of the promotion of the four geosites present in this area: El Obraje de San Ildefonso macro-slide, Huisla Volcano, Las Caras and Mulmul Volcano. Additionally, techniques recommended by specialists that will be very useful in the practice of phototourism are integrated. The methodology used was qualitative, oriented to record the particularities of the sites studied. An inductive approach was adopted, which allowed conclusions to be drawn from specific observations and then generalized. The research design was non-experimental and cross-sectional in nature, with a phenomenological scope. The results, derived from the application of geosite observation sheets, revealed the state of the infrastructure and made possible a specific evaluation of the geosites. This assessment yielded acceptable results in most of the indicators evaluated, including the educational, scientific, tourism and conservation aspects. In conclusion, it was determined that the photo tourism activity is experiencing sustained growth. It is imperative to complement this activity with good practices so that photographs can act as a fundamental element in the development of phototourism.Item Programa de acondicionamiento físico en la composición corporal de los estudiantes de bachillerato general unificado(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y Deporte, 2025-07-07) Pazmiño Vieira Robert Andrés; Moposita Caillamara Fredy Geovanny; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y DeporteThis research evaluated the effects of a physical conditioning program on body composition in students of the General Unified High School of the Francisco Flor Educational Unit. The proposal arose in response to the need to combat adolescent sedentary lifestyles and promote healthy habits in the school environment. The main objective was to determine the incidence of this intervention on parameters such as body mass index, fat percentage, muscle mass and visceral fat. A quantitative approach with a pre-experimental, applied and field design was used. The sample consisted of 30 students selected by non-probabilistic sampling, who were evaluated before and after the intervention using a Tanita bioimpedance scale. The program was applied for six weeks, with two weekly sessions integrated to the Physical Education classes. The results showed significant improvements: decrease in the percentage of body fat and visceral fat, together with an increase in muscle mass. Statistical analysis using SPSS confirmed the validity of the alternative hypothesis, demonstrating that the program had a positive effect on the body composition of the participants. In conclusion, physical conditioning planned at school is an effective pedagogical tool for improving the physical and emotional health of adolescents. Its permanent incorporation into the curriculum of the Unified General High School, adapted to the individual characteristics of the students and led by trained teachers, is recommended as an integral strategy to promote active, autonomous and sustainable lifestyles.Item El flujo de visitantes y el espacio turístico en la Casa del Árbol, cantón Baños De Agua Santa(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Turismo, 2025-07-07) Chaparro Carrillo Harold Sebastián; Hidalgo Salazar Christian Andrés; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de TurismoThis research work evaluates the flow of visitors and the tourist space in the Casa del Arbol in Baños de Agua Santa, Ecuador. It is based on theoretical approaches such as: Crompton's destination choice model, which examines the motivations of the visitor or tourist, and Urry's gaze theory, which highlights how the tourist's perception transforms the tourist space. The study analyzes aspects such as accessibility, carrying capacity and the wear and tear of the tourist destination due to the flow of tourists, thus identifying that the massive influx of tourists in high seasons generates saturation, deterioration of infrastructure and a less satisfactory tourist experience. As for the tourist space, it can be described as a social and territorial construction that includes attractions, infrastructure and services such as the “end of the world” swing, parking lots, restrooms, and the bar, this for the tangible part of the place, speaking of the intangible part we have the perception and experience of the tourist, For this we propose to make a basic guide where through steps and with the collaboration of the same tourists, locals and directors of the place can help the Casa del Arbol to be strengthened and ensure a balanced, responsible and sustainable development.Item Juegos de oposición en la velocidad de reacción de estudiantes de educación general básica superior(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y Deporte, 2025-07-07) Anchaluiza Balladares Jonathan Ariel; Moposita Caillamara Fredy Geovanny; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y DeporteThe background of physical activity and its impact on the overall development of upper basic education students were investigated, with special emphasis on reaction speed as an essential motor skill. It was identified that opposition games, due to their playful and competitive nature, can stimulate and improve reaction speed by promoting quick decisionmaking, responses to unforeseen stimuli, and explosive movements. To this end, the Letwin test was applied as a measurement tool. The research addressed the importance of reaction speed for physical performance and the pedagogical strategies that teachers can implement to strengthen this skill in students through opposition games. Furthermore, previous studies supporting the effectiveness of these methodologies in the school context were analyzed.Item Fundamentos técnicos del fútbol en la agilidad de estudiantes de bachillerato general unificado(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y Deporte, 2025-07-07) Alvear Vásquez Eduardo José; Sailema Torres Ángel Aníbal; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y DeporteThe objective of this research was to determine the incidence of the technical fundamentals of soccer on the agility of students in the second year of the General Unified High School of the Juan León Mera Educational Unit “La Salle”. The starting point was the recognition that agility, understood as the ability to change direction with speed and control, is a key quality in the physical development of adolescents, and that it can be effectively stimulated through technical fundamentals such as passing, driving, receiving and dribbling. The study was framed in a quantitative approach, with a pre-experimental design and explanatory scope. We worked with a sample of 30 students (14 men and 16 women), to whom the Illinois Test was applied as an evaluation instrument before and after a six-week pedagogical intervention based on soccer technical exercises. This intervention was carried out during regular Physical Education classes, with two weekly sessions. The results showed a significant improvement in the times obtained in the post-test, which evidences the positive effect of the program on the agility capacity. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test confirmed significant differences between the initial and final levels, thus validating the hypothesis. In conclusions, the implementation of soccer technical fundamentals in school contexts represents an effective strategy to enhance students' agility. It is recommended to incorporate this approach into curricular planning, promoting the integral development of students through active, technical and contextualized methods that respond to both physical and formative objectives.Item Fundamentos básicos del voleibol en las capacidades coordinativas de los estudiantes de educación general básica superior(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y Deporte, 2025-07-07) Ramos Valle José Armando; Jiménez Ruíz Luis Alfredo; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y DeporteThe main objective of the work presented is to analyze how the basic fundamentals of volleyball can enhance the coordination skills of students in upper elementary general education. The research arises from the recognition of the importance of sport not only as a means of physical development, but also as a pedagogical tool that promotes social values such as teamwork, cooperation and respect. The methodology used combines literature review and field analysis, applying a training program based on the fundamental principles of volleyball to evaluate its impact on the students' coordination abilities. Specific tests, such as the KTK test, were used to measure coordination levels before and after the intervention, allowing a comparative analysis of the results. The findings show a significant improvement in coordination skills after the application of the program, which supports the hypothesis that volleyball, when worked with clear fundamentals, can enhance essential motor skills in students. The discussion of the results reaffirms that the structured and didactic practice of volleyball contributes to integral development, promoting physical and social skills that transcend the sports environment. In conclusion, it is recommended to incorporate in school curricula volleyball teaching programs based on its basic aspects, as well as in the teaching of volleyball.Item Ronda infantil en la motricidad gruesa de escolares de educación general básica elemental(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y Deporte, 2025-07-07) Llerena Toscano Juan Carlos; Villalba Garzón Gabriela Alexandra; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la educación -Carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y DeporteThis thesis aimed to determine how children's rounds impact gross motor skills in elementary school students at the "17 de Abril" Educational Unit, from March to July 2025. The methodology adopted was a quantitative approach, with a pre-experimental design with explanatory scope, and a field study was conducted. A non-probability convenience sample of 30 fourth-year students in Elementary Basic General Education was used, out of a total population of 120 students. For data collection, the PDMS-2 instrument (Peabody Developmental Motor Scales – Second Edition) was administered both at the beginning and end of the intervention. The intervention proposal consisted of a two-month round-the-day program, with two sessions each, integrated into physical education classes. The initial diagnostic results, obtained using the PDMS-2, revealed that 90% of the students had an average level of gross motor development, and only 10% had a high level. This highlighted the need to strengthen these motor skills. Following the implementation of the nursery rhyme program, improvements were observed in the parameters assessed. Although the executive summary of the document does not present the final conclusions and recommendations in detail, the preliminary results suggest that the implementation of nursery rhymes has a positive impact on the development of students' gross motor skills. This implies support for the hypothesis that nursery rhymes do impact students' gross motor skills, and reaffirms the value of recreational activities as essential pedagogical tools for comprehensive development in early childhood and primary education.