Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Evaluación de la red vial en el área urbana de la parroquia Constantino Fernández de la nueva historia de Ambato, comprendida en la zona 11(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-29) Silva Carrasco María Cristina; Cañizares Proaño Byron Genaro; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis technical project aims to evaluate the condition of the road network in the urban area of the Constantino Fernández Parish, Zone 11, in the Ambato canton, in order to determine its current state, identify deficiencies, and propose maintenance and rehabilitation solutions that improve mobility and road safety. The research stems from the progressive deterioration of several streets, characterized by potholes, cracks, wear and tear, and structural failures, a situation that affects traffic, increases vehicle costs, and limits the socioeconomic development of the population The methodology was developed in three phases. The first involved a georeferenced planimetric survey, recording of existing infrastructure, and a traffic study, using GNSS RTK, drones, and traffic count sheets. This stage allowed for the identification of 3,950.41 meters of roads within the study area. The second phase consisted of evaluating the pavement using the PCI method, identifying defects and their severity (low, medium, and high), and conducting soil tests (particle size distribution, Atterberg limits, modified Proctor, and CBR). The results indicate that the predominant soil is silty sand (SM), with 21.06% passing the #200 sieve and a plasticity index of 7.44%. Finally, the third phase included the unit price analysis (UPA) and the calculation of the reference budget for carrying out the maintenance and rehabilitation work. The results show that most of the roads are in Poor, Very Poor, or Severe condition, demonstrating a considerable decrease in their service capacity and road safety. The road with the greatest deterioration is SN6 Street, with the highest intervention costs due to the type and severity of its defects. Based on the identified damage and the technical-economic analysis, a total budget of USD 90.476,20 was developed to address the needs of Zone 11, encompassing numerous routine and preventive maintenance tasks, as well as complete rehabilitation of the most critical sections. These interventions will improve the functionality of the road network, optimize urban mobility, and enhance the quality of life for residents of the parish. The project concludes by emphasizing the importance of maintaining systematic records of road conditions, implementing ongoing maintenance programs, and strengthening local technical planning to ensure the sustainability of the road infrastructure.Item Elaboración de un plan de mantenimiento de la vía comprendida entre el redondel la Patateñita y el Mirador desde la abscisa 4+100 hasta 8+200, cantón Patate(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-27) López López Justin Mateo; Aldas Sánchez Milton Rodrigo; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis paper develops a road maintenance plan for the section between Redondel La Patateñita and El Mirador, in the canton of Patate, province of Tungurahua, with the aim of assessing the current condition of the pavement and proposing a technical alternative that guarantees its functionality and durability. The research was structured using a quantitative approach, combining field and laboratory procedures, in accordance with the guidelines of ASTM D6433 and the AASHTO-93 methodology. In the diagnostic phase, a topographic survey was carried out using RTK technology and a drone, complemented by a vehicle traffic study, which yielded an Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT) of 1,768 vehicles/day. Using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method, the results showed values ranging from 29 to 84, placing the pavement in “Fair” to “Very Good” condition, with an average of 63.14, corresponding to a “Good” condition. Laboratory tests on grain size distribution, Atterberg limits, modified Proctor, and CBR determined that the soil is silty sand (SM) with low plasticity and an average CBR of 10%, classifying the subgrade as having “Fair to Good” bearing capacity. These results served as the basis for the structural design of the flexible pavement, whose proposed package consists of a 5 cm asphalt layer, a 20 cm granular base, and a 20 cm subbase, reaching a total thickness of 45 cm. Periodic maintenance and selective rehabilitation of critical sections are actions to preserve the pavement's lifespan and optimize the use of available economic resources. The reference budget of $700,725.00 includes the costs of materials, labor, and equipment, based on updated prices from the Chamber of the Construction Industry (CAMICON) magazine.Item Elaboración de un proceso de conservación y mantenimiento de la vía comprendida entre el barrio La Libertad km 0+000 hasta el caserío Nitón km 3+940, en el cantón San Pedro de Pelileo, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-27) Chacón Salazar María Cristina; Portilla Yandún Favio Paúl; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThe La Libertad – Nitón road allows moving from the Pelileo canton to other hamlets as well as to the Ambato canton, providing connectivity and economic development of the place, for which reason, a process of conservation and maintenance of the road has been designed in order to improve its level of service and guarantee the durability of the road infrastructure. A topographic survey was developed with RTK technology, obtaining a digital road model with an average road width of 6.00 m that has two lanes of vehicular circulation and side ditches for drainage. In addition, a manual vehicular capacity was carried out for 7 consecutive days of 12 hours a day thus determining an Annual Daily Average Traffic (ADT) of 1000 veh/day with a projection for 20 years (2045) of 1080 veh/day that according to the MTOP is classified in a “Collector Type II” road. On the other hand, the current condition of the pavement was evaluated according to the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method where 14 sampling units were analyzed obtaining a PCI value equal to 85.74 which indicates that it has a “Good” condition although it requires maintenance to avoid progressive deterioration. In addition, laboratory tests were carried out on three soil samples taken along the track every 1000 m; the results gave us that the soil corresponds to a poorly graded silty sand (AASHTO A-2-4- / SUCS SM) with a plasticity index of less than 3.5 and an average CBR of 26.03%, classifying it, as well as an excellent subgrade. Finally, a technical proposal for conservation and maintenance was designed that includes solutions such as surface sealing, crack sealing, surface patch and deep patching with their respective specifications based on the AASHTO and MTOP standards, thus guaranteeing that the proposed plan will contribute to reducing costs in rehabilitation and improving road safety through a more efficient transport system.Item Evaluación de la red vial en el área urbana de la parroquia Santa Rosa de la nueva historia de Ambato, comprendida en la zona 53-56(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-26) Mejía Banda Joseph Fernando; Acosta Lozada Rodrigo Iván; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThe main objective of this project was to assess the condition of the urban road infrastructure in the Santa Rosa parish, located in the Ambato canton, specifically in zone 53–56. To achieve this, the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) was used, allowing for the identification and classification of roadway failures, as well as the determination of their severity levels. Additionally, a georeferenced survey of the area was carried out using precision equipment such as an RTK, GPS and a drone, which facilitated the acquisition of accurate coordinates and the capture of images for a detailed visual analysis of the existing defects. In the second phase, a traffic study and an analysis of its impact on the road infrastructure were conducted, along with a soil study to evaluate the quality of the material beneath the roadways. This phase made it possible to determine the type of maintenance required based on the road conditions and the results obtained from the PCI, as well as to calculate the Average Annual Daily Traffic (TPDA) and its future projection. The outcome of this work was the development of an intervention plan for road maintenance, which mainly includes the type of intervention required according to the PCI index, as well as an estimated budget covering the costs of the activities necessary for roadway rehabilitation and preservation. This budget analysis will serve as a tool for local authorities to make informed decisions and optimize resources to maintain and improve the road network, all with the aim of enhancing mobility and the quality of life of the residents of the Santa Rosa parish.Item Evaluación de la red vial en el área urbana de la parroquia Izamba de la nueva historia de Ambato, comprendida en la zona 33(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-22) Culqui Buenaño José Ricardo; Acosta Lozada Rodrigo Iván; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilRoad infrastructure constitutes a fundamental pillar for socio-economic development and safe urban mobility, playing a decisive role in the territorial planning of contemporary cities. In this context, and in strategic coordination with GADMA (Autonomous Decentralised Government of Ambato), a comprehensive study was conducted to evaluate the current condition of the road network in the urban area of Izamba parish, specifically in Zone 33, with the objective of producing a technical diagnosis of the existing system, thereby supporting sustainable development and enhancing the quality of life in the community. The methodology was structured into three technical phases. The first phase comprised a topographic survey using RTK (Real Time Kinematic) in Zone 33, alongside a detailed traffic flow analysis, providing an accurate and up-to-date characterisation of the current state of the road infrastructure. The second phase involved laboratory testing in accordance with current technical standards to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the soil, while the pavement condition was assessed using the PCI (Pavement Condition Index) method, establishing the existing level of deterioration. The third phase entailed the preparation of a detailed budget, including the costs of materials, specialised labour, and equipment, ensuring the economic feasibility of the proposed interventions. As a result, an integrated rehabilitation plan was developed, addressing existing pavement deficiencies and enhancing the structural capacity of the road network, thereby ensuring durable and safe infrastructure. In addition, a georeferenced database containing comprehensive technical information was delivered to the Municipal GAD, representing a valuable academic contribution from the Technical University of Ambato to the social and urban development of the city.Item Evaluación de la vía tramo uno, dos y tres ubicado en el sector el Lindero perteneciente a Yatzaputzán, parroquia Pilahuín, cantón Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-19) Morales Torres Erika Vanessa; León Arcos Jorge Lenin; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilOn the road located in sector El Lindero belonging to Yatzaputzán, Pilahuín parish, Ambato canton, which corresponds to sections one, two, and three, given the unfavorable conditions that currently do not guarantee safe traffic for the population, an assessment was carried out to optimize its functionality and extend its useful life. As a starting point, a georeferenced topographic survey was carried out using RTK, recording 1500 points along 5,544 km, processed in Civil 3D. The average annual traffic (TPDA) was determined by a manual count carried out over seven days, in twelve-hour shifts, classifying the road within the Class III Collector category. Based on soil samples extracted in the field, granulometry, Atterberg limits, compaction, and CBR tests were carried out, identifying two types of soil: gravel and silty and clayey sands. The CBR values indicated a bearing capacity ranging from fair to poor. On the other hand, the surface evaluation using PCI considered 20 sampling units, of which 5 presented critical conditions. The score obtained, 54.90, placed the pavement in the Regular category, evidencing the need for intervention. The Benkelman Beam deflection test, carried out at 23 stations specified every 250 meters, reported a Type III deflection, rating the behavior of the subgrade as Good, but the behavior of the pavement as Poor. The results justify the implementation of rehabilitation measures and road safety improvements to promote mobility and user well-being. To this end, a Unit Price Analysis (APUS) proposal and a reference budget are proposed to guide road maintenance and improvement activities.Item Implementación del proceso de conservación de la estructura de la capa de rodadura de la vía Benítez – Huambaló de la abscisa 0+000 hasta la abscisa 4+500 de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-14) Altamirano Villacis Kevin Hernán; Bayas Altamirano Myriam Marisol; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilGiven the evident deterioration of the road surface structure of the Benítez – Huambaló road, located in the province of Tungurahua, a maintenance plan is proposed, due to the importance of the road as it allows communication between several urban and rural areas of the Pelileo Canton, thus enabling the fundamental connection for various representative economic activities for these sectors. First, an analysis of existing road traffic in the area was conducted using an Average Annual Daily Traffic (TPDA) study, which allowed for the identification of traffic flow. Subsequently, the pavement condition was assessed using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI), which consists of a visual inspection, measurement, and recording of the different defects found in the sampling units established through calculation. The information obtained allowed for the identification of the different types of defects and damage that directly affect the asphalt layer and highlight the need for road maintenance. The main causes of the observed failures were then analyzed. Among the primary factors identified were the lack of regular maintenance, the area's climatic conditions, and variations in vehicle loads (TPDA). This analysis allowed for an understanding of the pavement's structural behavior. Based on soil samples, moisture content, Atterberg limits, and particle size distribution tests were performed. These tests determined the soil classification and how these factors affect or improve the road's mechanical properties, particularly regarding the deterioration of the surface course. Finally, using the information gathered from both the visual PCI analysis and the laboratory soil tests, and based on a technical foundation, a maintenance plan is proposed to improve and maintain the integrity of the Benítez – Huambaló section of the road. This plan includes regular maintenance to extend the pavement's lifespan and optimize resource allocation.Item Evaluación de la red vial en área urbana de la parroquia Totoras del cantón Ambato, específicamente la zona 61(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-14) Aldás Moreta Jessenia Marilú; Acosta Lozada Rodrigo Iván; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThe road network is a system of roads that facilitates the movement of people and goods. However, there are areas where the road network is in extremely poor condition due to neglect by the relevant authorities. This results in many sectors lacking adequate road infrastructure due to the deterioration of the road surface, which primarily affects the functionality of the roads. Therefore, evaluating the road network in areas such as the Totoras parish, Zone 61, is important to define the areas requiring intervention. This evaluation provides relevant information that will allow for determining the appropriate type of maintenance, based on the severity of the road surface deterioration, thus extending the useful life of the evaluated roads. To this end, three phases of action were established, planned according to the specific objectives to be developed. These phases included activities such as topographic surveying using drones and RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) technology. In addition, a traffic study was conducted using manual vehicle count data and the 30th-hour design time method for calculations. Five laboratory tests were also performed: natural moisture content, particle size analysis, Atterberg limits (liquid and plastic limits), modified Proctor compaction test, and CBR test. Furthermore, the pavement condition was evaluated using the PCI method and complemented with the pavement structure design, ultimately leading to the development of a preliminary budget for the project. The road network assessment was carried out on a total of 11 roads, 8 of which are fully paved and 3 of which have a mixed composition of asphalt and paving stones. A total of 352 defects were identified, 8 of which were sidewalk defects and 3 curb defects. Likewise, the results revealed that patching and service connection failures are predominant in the sector, occurring 130 times, while bulging and subsidence failures, as well as lane/shoulder unevenness, were observed once along the evaluated area.Item Evaluación de la red vial en el área urbana de la parroquia Izamba de la nueva historia de Ambato, comprendida en la zona 30(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) Arcos Timbila Darwin Fernando; Muyulema Muyulema Danny GermánIn Ecuador, there are sectors whose road network is in poor condition due to neglected road maintenance processes. This leads to the deterioration and wear of the existing road network, primarily affecting its functionality, which is closely linked to the social and economic growth and development of a sector. Therefore, the evaluation of the urban road network in sectors such as the Izamba parish, located in Zone 30, is important for identifying areas that require some type of intervention through the application of preventive maintenance techniques that prevent the loss of the road structure and the additional costs associated with poor transportation and vehicle operation. To this end, activities such as topographic surveys using equipment such as drones and RTKs were carried out, in addition to vehicle traffic studies using the thirtieth-hour method, which employs manual vehicle counting. This was also complemented by a soil study, which included tests such as natural moisture content, particle size analysis, Atterberg limits, modified Proctor (method B), and CBR, primarily seeking to establish the properties and characteristics of the sample tested. In addition, the road network was evaluated using the PCI (Pavement Condition Index) method to assess the current condition of the road network and identify appropriate maintenance techniques based on the determined PCI value. Finally, the pavement design was developed based on the AASHTO-93 standard, and the reference budget was prepared. The road network evaluation was carried out on a total of eight roads, of which four are fully paved, three have paved and cobblestone sections, and one is entirely cobblestone. The results revealed 247 failures in both roads and sidewalks, of which 9 correspond to existing damage to the sidewalks and 5 are located in cobblestone streets. Furthermore, it was identified that patching and service connection failures occur most frequently, with corrugation and parabolic or sliding cracks being the least common failures.Item Evaluación de la red vial en el área urbana de la parroquia san Bartolome de Pinllo de la nueva historia de Ambato, comprendida en la zona #45(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) Hidalgo Campaña Mateo José; Muyulema Danny GermanCurrently, the condition of the roadway that covers the entire parish of San Bartolomé de Pinllo is significantly affected. This situation is attributed to the numerous pavement failures, mainly due to the constant presence of heavy traffic, as well as the lack of care and absence of maintenance. In Ecuador, this problem arises frequently in various areas, which drives the need to formulate proposals to address these deficiencies. The main focus of this project was the collection of concrete information regarding the condition of the roads, curbs, and sidewalks in the parish of San Bartolomé de Pinllo, specifically in zone #45, located in the city of Ambato. The goal was to ensure efficient road safety and to improve transportation and secure connectivity. In the initial stage, referred to as the first phase, information was gathered to create a database reflecting the current condition of the roadway elements, such as sidewalks and curbs, with their respective types of damage identified through a visual inspection within the study area. This served as the foundation to begin technical study known as the Pavement Condition Index (PCI). In the second phase, the PCI study enabled the classification of each type of failure, including its severity level, alongside an assessment of the surface layer quality. Data collection was carried out using a georeferenced survey with an RTK system. As a result, a referential budget was developed to outline the estimated costs required for the maintenance of the roadway in zone #45 of the San Bartolomé de Pinllo parish. This information will be submitted to the Municipality of Ambato and is intended to serve as a contribution to the community in collaboration with the Technical University of Ambato.