Ciencias de la Salud
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Item NUTRICIÓN INFANTIL Y DESARROLLO COGNITIVO, UNA REVISIÓN DESDE LA ETAPA GESTACIONAL(2025-06-18) Sánchez Mayorga Damaris Nataly; Robayo Zurita, Verónica Alexandra; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y DietéticaDuring pregnancy the mother's body requires an adequate balance of macronutrients (proteins, carbohydrates and fats) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) to support both her own health and the development of the fetus. Incorporating a variety of foods in the diet ensures that diverse nutritional requirements are met, which is vital for preventing deficiencies that could hinder the growth and development of the newborn. A well-balanced diet not only aids in the physical growth of the fetus but also in its cognitive and neurological development. This becomes particularly crucial during the early stages of central nervous system formation, starting from the first weeks of pregnancy. Maternal nutrition directly influences the cognitive development of the child. Essential nutrients like folic acid, omega-3 fatty acids, iron, and iodine play a key role in the proper development of the brain and nervous system. A deficiency in these nutrients can result in cognitive developmental issues, such as learning difficulties or impaired intellectual growth. Inadequate or imbalanced maternal nutrition may compromise the child’s brain development, emphasizing the need for education and access to appropriate nutrition during pregnancyItem ABORDAJE NUTRICIONAL EN PACIENTES CON ANOREXIA NERVIOSA(2025-06-18) Llumitasig Andachi, Evelyn; Girón Saltos, Katherin Yaritza; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y DietéticaAnorexia nervosa is a serious eating disorder that affects a significant proportion of adolescents, although it can influence individuals of various ages and genders. It is considered a critical condition due to the severe risks it poses to both physical and psychological growth and development (Murray L, et al., 2021). This disorder manifests itself through excessive restriction of food intake, intense fear of weight gain, and distorted body image. Treatment of anorexia nervosa in adolescents requires a comprehensive approach that includes specialized nutritional interventions. The article reviews current strategies in the nutritional approach to adolescents with anorexia nervosa, focusing on recent research from the past four years to provide an updated view on best practices in the nutritional management of this condition. Anorexia nervosa is often a long-term disorder with a variety of psychophysiological and nutritional manifestations. Some patients may die from suicide or physical complications, with sudden death from cardiac arrhythmias being a common outcome. This disorder is not directly related to disease duration or age, but is associated with a body mass index (BMI) below 12 and very low serum albumin levelsItem VALORACIÓN DEL ESTADO NUTRICIONAL PRE-COMPETENCIA DE CHEERLEADING DE LA ZONA 3(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-25) Tovar Mejía, Marcela Salomé; Robayo Zurita, Verónica AlexandraNutrition in sports has evolved significantly in recent years, adapting to the requirements of athletes and changes according to the specific needs in the pre-competition, during and post-competition training phase. The correct identification of the nutritional status will allow the detection of nutritional risks, therefore, carrying out periodic nutritional interventions will avoid complications such as injuries, fatigue, fainting, cramps, electrolyte imbalance, dehydration, delayed muscle recovery, among others. Now, studies on ergogenic aids for sports nutrition impact athletes taking into account the increase in protein caloric requirement, carbohydrate intake, adequate hydration, or additional supplementation optimizing sports development, improving physical strength abilities. , resistance, speed and flexibility and increasing power when performing exercises. Inadequate nutrition and lack of physical activity are key factors in developing cardiovascular and metabolic health problems, overweight and obesity, especially in the young adult population. Therefore, the main objective of the research is to evaluate the pre-competition nutritional status of Zone 3 Cheerleading in order to contribute to improving nutritional status. The methodology used the collection of anthropometric data on weight, height, waist circumferences, bioimpedance evaluation and application of a food consumption frequency questionnaire. The population of Cheerleading athletes from the Cotopaxi Sports Federation (FDC) was considered who met inclusion criteria such as training for a competition, 3 years of experience, and accepting informed consent.Item ALIMENTACIÓN Y NUTRICIÓN ÓPTIMA EN NIÑOS MENORES DE CINCO AÑOS CON INSUFICIENCIA PONDEROESTATURAL(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-25) Romero Amores, Ronny Alejandro; Bustillos Ortiz, Diana IsabelThe ponderoestatural insufficiency is a double burden of malnutrition which is a problem that occurs worldwide by a low height and low weight per age. This situation can be solved based on proper nutrition and nutrient supplementation; the article was made in order to show the latest updates on healthy eating for children with problems related to malnutrition, identify foods and portions appropriate for the age of children, this exploration seeks to inform the population about the correct practices, strategies and eating habits to combat nutritional problems. Bibliographic reviews were carried out based on information published in the last 5 years, in Spanish and English, using inclusion criteria of review articles, postgraduate theses, updated food guides, books and original articles. Ensuring good nutritional health of children ensures a good health, social and nutritional status in the future, i.e., less risk of contracting or aggravating pathologies, less risk of disease complications, less likelihood of complications in social relationships.Item IMPORTANCIA DEL ESTADO NUTRICIONAL Y PRACTICAS ALIMENTARIAS DURANTE EL EMBARAZO EN GESTANTES DE LA COMUNIDAD SAN VICENTE DE TENA PROVINCIA NAPO(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-08-06) Andi Alvarado, Fidelia Elizabeth; Quishpe Jara, Graciela de las MercedesImportance of nutritional status and dietary practices during pregnancy in pregnant women from the San Vicente de Tena community, Napo province Introduction: Pregnancy is one of the most complex stages that a woman goes through throughout her life, nutrition and proper eating practices are considered one of the most important aspects for the future of the child, child malnutrition. that predisposes the child to suffering from various diseases is significantly reduced if a woman has adequate medical control and a good nutritional intake, therefore it is of great importance to study these practices and the nutritional status of the women of the San Vicente community in Tena. Objective(s): To evaluate the importance of nutritional status and dietary practic es during pregnancy in pregnant women from the San Vicente de Tena, Napo Province community. • Identify the nutritional status of pregnant women in the San Vicente de Tena community, Napo Province. • Describe the dietary practices used by pregnant women from the San Vicente de Tena Napo Province community during pregnancy.• Identify if there is an association between dietary practices and nutritional status of pregnant women in the community of San Vicente de Tena, Napo Province. • Evaluate the impact of nutritional status and dietary practices on the developm ent of pregnancy in pregnant women from the community of San Vicente de Tena, Napo Province. Methodology: An investigation will be carried out that meets the characteristics of a quantitative study with a descriptive approach, which allows us to reveal the nutritio n al status of pregnant women in the Tena community with a cross-sectional section, carrying out the study in the months of March - May 2024. The sample was develop ed with the participation of 208 pregnant women who make up the universe of particip an ts selected through inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, the data were tabulated in the SPSS software to obtain the results.Item Adiposidad central en escolares y adolescentes en el período de la pandemia por covid-19(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2021-03-01) Toaquiza Licta, Tannia Lucia; .Arráiz, Carolina de Fernández, Med. EspIntroduction: The pandemic caused by COVID-19, generated challenges in the world population, to avoid its spread measures were taken like isolation and confinement, which has generated greater sedentary lifestyle, greater number of hours doing work online, greater access to the kitchen of the house, what it could lead to obesity in children and teenagers. Objective: To determine central adiposity in schoolchildren and teenagers in the pandemic period by COVID-19. Methodology: Field research, descriptive cross section, the sample was made up of 71 students of 7-15 years old, the anthropometric parameter used to determine central adiposity was waist/hip ratio, using the application of two validated questionnaires, the analysis of data has been made in Microsoft Excel, frequencies were used, percentages, mean, standard deviation and confidence interval 95% for each variable. Results: Of a population of 125 students the 57% (n=71) had criterion of central adiposity, within of the irrigation factors were found that more than 50% of students occupy 5-6 hours to leisure activities inverse relationship with physical activity, feeding daily base on fast food (29,58% to 35,21%). Conclusions: It was evidenced that during the pandemic period by COVID-19 more than half of the studied population presented criterion of central adiposity, within of the predisposing factors was found feeding with high calorie content, limited physical activity, typical middle stratum, and grade of complete primary schooling of parents.Item Estrategias lúdicas para el programa 5 al día en los C.D.I.(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Estimulación Temprana, 2020-08-01) Carranza Freire, Diana Maira; Troya Ortiz, Elsa Verónica Lic. Mg.The playful strategies for the 5 a day program in the C.D.I. It is based on the creation of campaigns to raise awareness among people who consume fruits with drivers who distribute fruits and vegetables with a methodology based on levels of exploratory and descriptive research, a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative), and a modality of field and bibliographical research; the population to be studied is considered and the instruments to be used for information gathering in the field; they concluded that it was identified that play strategies are not applied for the development of the project, finding that as strategies they use the correct use of language to explain the importance of hygiene prior to feeding, in addition there are no strategies to help or incentivize the five-a-day feeding program proposed by the WHO. The level of knowledge about the program was also evaluated, which is that there is a total lack of knowledge, since all answered that they do not know about the program five a day; to relate the play strategies with the program, a correlational investigation was applied and with this the hypothesis was verified to measure the relationship of the variables, which through the student's t was discovered that the playful strategies do affect the development of the program 5 a day in the CDI; Therefore, it is recommended to promote the adequate intake of food, as well as, the importance of hygiene prior to feeding fruits and vegetablesItem “La música infantil como estrategia en el proceso de alimentación en los niños de 1 a 3 años”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Estimulación Temprana, 2019-09-01) Núñez Solís, Andrea Lizbeth; troya Ortiz, Elsa Verónica Lic.Mg. TThe present title work is part of the Research Project "Learning strategies with social relevance for the prevention of diseases" work that takes as a theme "Children's music as a strategy in the process of feeding children from 1 to 3 years" In order to carry out the research, there was a population of 50 people among educators of CIBV and CNH of the province of Cotopaxi. In order to obtain information with reference to children's music and food in the 1 to 3-year period, a survey of ten questions was applied. After the application, the results obtained were analyzed in order to prepare a guide for the children. educators and educators, for an adequate diet, using music as a strategy to improve the eating habits of infants. The preparation of a guide that serves as a fundamental tool for educators is necessary since it provides necessary guidelines for the correct feeding of children.Item Estilos de vida en pacientes con sobrepeso y obesidad en el centro de Augusto Nicolás Martínez, Tungurahua, Período Enero a Mayo Del 2016(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Velastegui Paredes, Rosa Serafina Md.; Guarnizo Briceño Dr. Esp, José AbdónOverweight and obesity are considered the pandemic of the century, constitute a risk factor for chronic non-communicable diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The cost-effectiveness of intervening on modifiable risk factors such as physical inactivity, poor nutrition, have made the promotion of healthy lifestyles in a global strategy. Objective: To determine the lifestyles of adults overweight and obesity of the central districts of the parish Augusto Nicolas Martinez in the period January to May 2016. Materials and Methods: This is a research, observational, descriptive and transversal. The population studied were adults with a BMI> 25, aged 20 years old. Sample 169. Results: Of the 169 adults surveyed, 68% are overweight, 71.6% were women, 42% are young adults, 40.8% have primary education, 42.6% have medium-low socioeconomic status; 62.7% of adults showed no comorbidity, adults with comorbidities were 21.3% and 18.9% hypertension dyslipidemia. Lifestyles were 62.7% do not consume alcohol and only drink alcohol weekly 4.1%, 92.3% do not consume snuff and only 3% consuming snuff, unbalanced food dominates 55%; do not exercise 58% association between physical activity and sex (chi square 15.883, p value 0,000), socioeconomic status (chi square 14.758, p value 0.022) and school level was found (chi square 17.045, p value 0.030). Conclusions: The lifestyles that predominate in adults with overweight and obesity are unbalanced diet and not doing physical activity.