Fisioterapia
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Item EFECTO DEL WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION EN EL EQUILIBRIO DE ADULTOS MAYORES(2026-07-01) Sangoquiza Chicaiza, Paulina Fernanda; Chicaiza Cosquillo, Diana Fernanda; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de FisioterapiaIn the geriatric population, maintaining balance and functional mobility is crucial for preserving autonomy and reducing the risk of falls. In this context, the Whole-Body Vibration platform emerges as an effective physiotherapy resource, given its properties for stimulating neuromuscular activation and postural control. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Whole-Body Vibration on the balance of older adults. A quantitative, quasi-experimental, longitudinal approach was used. Twenty older adults (8 men, 12 women) participated, whose initial balance capacity was assessed using functional tests such as the Tinetti Balance Scale, the Short Physical Performance Battery, and the Timed Up and Go test. Subsequently, training with the vibration platform was applied for 8 weeks, three times per week, concluding with a final assessment to determine the impact of the applied stimuli. Following the intervention, Tinetti showed a reduction in the moderate risk of falls from 85.0% to 30.0% and an increase in the low risk from 15.0% to 70.0% (p = 0.001; r = 0.74). In SPPB, severe limitations decreased from 55.0% to 0.0%, and minimal limitations increased from 0.0% to 55.0% (p < 0.001; r = 0.88). In TUG, the mean time decreased from 18.45 ± 2.68 s to 14.10 ± 2.14 s (p < 0.001; d = 1.35). It is concluded that the intervention using the Whole-Body Vibration platform enhances balance in the geriatric population, constituting a useful tool within the field of physiotherapy to optimize motor function and prevent accidents, although these results should be interpreted considering limitations such as the sample size and the absence of the control group.Item EVALUACIÓN DE LAF UERZA PRENSIL EN ADULTOS MAYORES Y SU ASOCIACIÓN CON EL NIVEL DE DEMANDA FÍSICA DE LAS ACTIVIDADES OCUPACIONALES(2026-01-28) Haro Fonseca, Juan Sebastian; Moscoso Córdova, Grace Verónica; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de FisioterapiaThe purpose of this research was to assess handgrip strength and determine the level of physical demand of occupational activities performed by older adults attending the Senior Citizen Center of San José de Poaló parish. A correlational, quantitative, crosssectional design was employed. The sample consisted of 30 older adults aged 65 to 82 years, with a mean age of 73.5 ± 4.51 years, who met specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Handgrip strength was measured using a Jamar-type dynamometer, a reliable and valid instrument (ICC = 0.85–0.97). The physical demand of previous occupations was retrospectively classified as low, medium, or high using the ISCO-08 questionnaire, which facilitated the association between lifelong occupational activity and current handgrip strength. Results showed a balanced distribution by sex, age, and occupational diversity. More than half of the participants (53.4%) presented excess body weight (36.7% overweight and 16.7% obese), representing the main nutritional problem identified. Mean handgrip strength was 276.7 ± 79.6 N, revealing marked variability: some individuals maintained excellent functional capacity, while others exhibited values close to frailty cut-off points. According to the ISCO-08 classification, high physical demand occupations corresponded exclusively to farmers and livestock keepers, whereas low-demand occupations were concentrated in officebased and liberal professions. Normality tests (Kolmogorov-Smirnov with Lilliefors correction and Shapiro-Wilk) confirmed that the demand variable did not follow a normal distribution (p < 0.001). Spearman’s rank correlation analysis yielded a very strong positive and statistically significant correlation (Rho = 0.807; p < 0.001) between lifelong occupational physical demand and current handgrip strength. These findings led to the rejection of the null hypothesis (H0) and acceptance of the alternative hypothesis (H1), concluding that the type and physical demand of occupations performed throughout life, particularly before age 60, constitute a direct protective factor for preserving grip strength in old age.Item USO DEL TEST PICTOGRAFIADO DE LAWTON Y BRODY EN LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE NIVELES DE DEPENDENCIA EN ADULTOS MAYORES(2025-07-21) Caraguay Chávez, Jessica Carolina; Bonilla Ayala, Josselyn Gabriela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de FisioterapiaAging is a progressive physiological process that, over time, favors the appearance of various chronic non-communicable pathologies, which affects the functional capacity of the elderly. In addition, risk factors such as a sedentary lifestyle, visual impairment and the prevalence of falls accelerate this deterioration. In this context, the Lawton and Brody scale has been widely used to assess functional capacity in instrumental activities of daily living (AIDV). However, its traditional version, based on written questions, has limitations in older adults with reading comprehension difficulties. To overcome these barriers, they have implemented the pictograph version of the test, in order to facilitate the interpretation of the questions and improve the accuracy of the results. The objective was to compare both formats (pictographed and traditional) of the Lawton and Brody test, in order to identify the novices of dependency in a sample of 150 older adults belonging to the "Golden Years" project of the Provincial Board of Pastaza. This research project was non-experimental, since none of the variables will be manipulated, with a quantitative and cross-sectional approach. The results indicated that there are no significant differences between the scores obtained with both versions, which further strengthens the hypothesis that the pictographed scale can be used as an equivalent instrument. Its positive sense in favor of the pictographed version suggests a possible perceptual or comprehensive advantage.Item MÉTODO PERFETTI CON LA UTILIZACIÓN DE LUCES LED EN LA FUNCIÓN OCULOMOTORA EN ADULTOS MAYORES(2025-07-21) Bastidas Muñoz Odalis Nicole; Latta Sánchez María Augusta; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de FisioterapiaIntroduction: Old age symbolizes the last moment of existence and encompasses the final decades of a person's life. With advancing age, they begin to experience a decrease in oculomotor function that affects quality of life and autonomy to perform daily tasks. Objective: To implement an exercise program of the 3rd grade Perfetti Method with the use of lights to improve oculomotor function in the Older Adults of Macasto and Santa Fe. Methodology: It was a quasi-experimental design with a mixed approach, longitudinal type. A pre- and post-evaluation was carried out using the Snellen Test that assesses visual acuity, the DEM Test (Developmental Eye Movement) the speed and accuracy of eye movements and the Lawton and Brody scale of functionality when performing the ADYL to 25 older adults. The thirddegree exercise treatment plan of the Perfetti Method with LED Lights was applied for 8 weeks. The results showed a statistically significant improvement in the DEM test (p= 0.000) and the Lawton and Brody scale (p= 0.001). While the Snellen Test there was no improvement (p=0.14) obtaining a low diagnostic accuracy. In conclusion, there was an improvement in eye speed and accuracy, enhancing the autonomy and quality of life of the elderly. However, scientific evidence is still limited, so further research should be carried out for future research.Item FORTALECIMIENTO DEL CUÁDRICEPS PARA MEJORAR LA MARCHA EN ADULTOS MAYORES(2025-02-27) Cueva Molina, Karen Mayeli; Bonilla Ayala, Josselyn Gabriela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de FisioterapiaStrengthening the quadriceps in older adults is essential to improve gait, as this muscle group plays a key role in stability and mobility. Through specific exercises that increase muscle strength, postural control can be improved, reducing the risk of falls and optimizing walking functionality. This type of intervention contributes to a safer and more efficient gait, promoting independence and quality of life. Therefore, the objective of this research project was to determine the effects of quadriceps strengthening to improve gait in older adults. The quadriceps strength was measured using the dynamometer, the Tinetti scale and Timed Up and Go (TUG) to evaluate gait, accompanied by an intervention for strengthening, which were applied to 20 participants belonging to the GAD Parroquial 11 de Noviembre. This is an observational research, with a quantitative approach, the T test was used for normality analysis, in the sample reflected a value of p >0.05 giving a result of non-parametric data. Among the results, it was obtained that there were clinical improvements, but not statistical improvements in the post-intervention of dynamometry and TUG, except for Tinetti, whose values remained constant in the initial and final evaluation.Item VALORES ESPIROMETRICOS ESTIMADOS MEDIDOS POR ENVERGADURA Y TALLIMETRIA EN ADULTOS MAYORES(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-03-18) Montero Merino, Zenaida Milena; Caiza Lema, Stalin JavierThe research focuses on determining estimated spirometric values measured by wingspan and height measurement in addition to analyzing the variability that may or may not exist between these two variables. The study population was 43 older adult participants between the ages of 65 and 90; data was collected on weight, height, sex, age, and wingspan. The evaluation of lung function was carried out through a spirometric examination and the parameters of FEV1, FVC, and Tiffeneau Index were analyzed. The project design is prospective-transversal with a non-experimental-analyticalrelational quantitative approach. A single evaluation was made that yielded numerical and categorical values that were analyzed with the Chi-square statistical test. Spirometric values were obtained for both height and wingspan. The statistical analysis yielded a result of p 0.000, indicating perfect agreement between the variables studied, supporting the true hypothesis of the research where it is mentioned that there is no variability between the values. In conclusion, the use of wingspan would be the most appropriate alternative to height for the analysis of lung function.Item Realidad virtual mediante el uso del Nintendo Wii para mejorar el alcance del miembro superior en adultos mayores(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-03-15) Campaña Delgado, Diana Patricia; Ortiz Villalba, Paola GabrielaThis research was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of virtual reality via the Nintendo Wii to improve upper limb reach in older adults. This group has poor strength control including reaching, transferring and unloading to manipulate objects. A non-experimental longitudinal study was carried out in which older adults between 65 and 80 years of age were included, performing a pre-intervention and post-intervention by means of the Lawton and Brody Scale (ELB), Up & Go Test, initial and observational clinical record, the latter an activity was performed measuring the time it takes the patient to place 5 glasses from a shelf to a table, with the help of the Nintendo Wii for 6 weeks they played certain sports games in relation to the upper limb; Again, the tests were carried out to observe whether or not there was an improvement in their reach.The results obtained were to reduce the time taken to perform the activity. In the preintervention (mean 23.2812) and post-intervention (mean 21.3400) with a difference of 1.94 seconds; changes were also found in ELB. We can conclude that thanks to the use of the Nintendo Wii, older adults can improve their range of mobility and functional tasks, but they can also achieve a change in their lives by having very beneficial technological tools not only for their health and physical aspect, but also in the emotional and psychological sphere.Item Uso de superficies inestables para mejorar el equilibrio en el adulto mayor de la parroquia Quisapincha(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2023-03-01) Villamarín Avila, Andrea Rosario; Robalino Morales, Gabriela Estefanía Lic. MgFalls in older adults can lead to some fractures, blows, bruises, disabling diseases, hospitalizations, loss of independence, and even in some cases can lead to death, being a public health problem. For this reason, this research aims to reduce and prevent falls in older adults using unstable surfaces to improve balance and gait and in turn the living conditions of the participants. For the qualitative-quantitative study, a population of 20 older adults with an average age of 65 to 95 years, 18 females and 2 males, who belong to the Quisapincha parish, were obtained and the intervention lasted 8 weeks. To obtain the results of the study two tests were used; the TUG test and the Berg scale, which helped to measure the level of balance and gait of the participants applied before and after the intervention. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed to verify the hypothesis using the IBM SPSS V22 statistical program. For the research development, unstable surfaces such as the vestibular disc, mat, and Bosu were used, as well as stretching exercises before the intervention. The results obtained reflect that the intervention was successful since the two tests applied at the end of the intervention showed a significant percentage of improvement. Therefore, it can be concluded that using unstable surfaces to improve balance in older adults is effective in preventing and reducing the risk of falls.Item Evaluación en el equilibrio de actividades específicas en adultos mayores(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Fisioterapía, 2022-03-01) Castillo Villacis, Lucía Verónica; Espín Pastor, Victoria Estefanía Lcda. MscAs the years go by, older adults adapt to their environment by means of compensatory measures to replace the functional capacity lost when performing different activities of daily life. The objective of this study was to determine the balance in specific activities in this population with 73 participants. It is a quantitative study that oriented the investigation by means of the Activities Specific Balance Confidence to evaluate in which activities they had less balance confidence. The results of the ABC were also correlated with the predisposing risk factors for falls, and a comparison was made between this test and the dependency capacity of the elderly with the help of the Lawton and Brody scale. According to the orientation of our results, we identified the correlation between the ABC test and the level of functionality of IADL (p= 0.00), having a lower capacity for autonomy increases the risk of falling, something similar occurs with the number of days of exercise (p=0.005) which executes higher functional capacity, thus increasing the quality of life, Among the predisposing indicators of falls there was no relevance, mostly this is different with respect to the sociodemographic characteristics of the population evaluated.