Fisioterapia
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/33811
Browse
115 results
Search Results
Item LUDOTERAPIA PARA MEJORAR MARCHA Y EQUILIBRIO EN LOS ADULTOS MAYORES DE LA PARROQUIA PASA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-09-02) Pérez Paredes, Génesis Del Cisne; Latta Sánchez, María AugustaThe deterioration of the functional capacity, the alteration in gait and balance are the main factors that can generate risk of falls in the elderly, as well as alter their independence to perform activities of daily living, the play therapy has a traditional and fun approach to motivate the elderly to perform physical activity and through this to train gait and balanc e . Twenty-five older adults with an age range from 65 years old belonging to the Parroqui a Pasa participated in this research project, with a duration of 6 weeks with a frequency of 2 times per week, the participants executed the designed protocol of play therapy. Older adults were assessed pre and post intervention using the Timed Up and Go and Timed Unipodal Station tests. The approach of this research is quantitative in terms of data collection, non-experim ental and longitudinal. SPSS software used for statisti c a l analysis. The repetitions, completion time and difficulty of each game were gradual l y increased. The results obtained indicate that after the application of a play therapy program, gait and balance improved, reducing the risk of falls in the participants. In conclusion, inactiv i t y in the elderly deteriorates their motor functions, including balance and gait, so that the application of play therapy can be part of the routine in the elderly to reduce the risk of falls and future injuries.Item TÉCNICA DE GRASTÓN Y SU EFECTO SOBRE LA FLEXIBILIDAD DEL TOBILLO A CORTO PLAZO EN BAILARINES DE DANZA FOLKLÓRICA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-28) Guillin López, Wendy Dayana; Peñafiel Luna, Andrea CarolinaNew therapeutic intervention strategies are constantly evolving. Instrument-assis t e d soft tissue mobilization such as the Grastón technique is indicated to reduce myofasc i a l restrictions and increase muscle flexibility, which in turn increases joint ranges. The benefit of this technique is that it reduces fatigue in the physiotherapist's hands. The following research project has as its main objective to determine the effectiveness of the Grastón technique to increase ankle flexibility in folkloric dancers. Folkloric dance is a recreational activity that demands time, dedication and discipline, aimed at the general population, but like any sporting activity, it has the risk of suffering certai n biomechanical, joint and muscular alterations due to its continuous training, dancing with excessive plantar flexion, muscular imbalance and even decreased muscle and tendon flexibility. Lunge test and Silfverskiöld were applied as evaluation instruments to 30 patients of both sexes. The participants attended the assessment site and their data on muscula r flexibility and ankle ranges of motion were recorded. They also attended the six interventions with the Grastón Technique and the two subsequent evaluations. This project has a quantitative approach because goniometric methods will be used to evaluate the degrees of ankle mobility that were used for the analysis of the researc h and its approach was quasi-experimental and longitudinal. The results showed that the ranges of dorsiflexion and muscular flexibility had positive changes immediately after the six sessions with the Grastón technique. However, in subsequent evaluations it was evident that the changes obtained decreased over time until returning to the initial data. In conclusion, the effectiveness of the Grastón technique decreases over time and it is proposed for future research to combine the technique with other treatment alternatives to increase the range of motion for a longe r time.Item PLAN DE TRATAMIENTO PARA LA AUTO LIBERACION MIOFASCIAL DE PUNTOS GATILLO EN MIEMBRO INFERIOR MEDIANTE FOAM ROLLER EN DEPORTISTAS(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-28) López Guachambosa, Vanessa Mishelle; Campos Moposita, Angela PriscilaThis research study aims to determine the effect of myofascial self-release of lower limb trigger points using foam rolling in athletes. Myofascial restrictions are thought to be caused by injury, muscle imbalances, or inflammation. All of which can reduce sports performance and alter quality of life. Self-myofascial release with foam rolling is a relatively new practice that provides acute benefits for muscle soreness and range of motion. For this, the evaluations were applied to 40 athletes between the ages of 19 and 35 of both sexes, the NRS numerical pain scale and the Jump Sign were used, all of this was carried out in 20 minutes per athlete for 6 consecutive weeks. The design of the research work was correlational, prospective, longitudinal, with a quantitative approach, because the data collected were numerical and categorical that were related in the SPSS statistical test. The results obtained from the study variables were statistically significant, that is, there were notable changes; when performing an initial evaluation, 100% pain was obtained in the athlete, while, after applying the treatment, it returned when performing a final evaluation in where an improvement of 87.5% is shown without pain. In conclusion we can say that foam rolling has a positive effect on the fascial tissue with respect to the variables of pain, range of motion and recovery.Item LUDOTERAPIA PARA MEJORAR LA FUERZA MUSCULAR DEL MIEMBRO SUPERIOR EN ADULTOS MAYORES(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-28) Machado Reinoso, Valeria Anabel; Cedeño Zamora, María NarcizaThe present research work consists of the description and analysis of the applica ti o n of play therapy in the muscular strength of the upper limb in older adults, develop e d in the gerontological center of the canton Tisaleo with a population of 25 particip a n ts of both sexes. The following research project was to analyze if the ludic activities are efficient in the improvem ent of the muscular strength of the upper limb in older adults, which was developed twice a week for 7 weeks with a duration of 50 minutes per session in th e gerontological center of the Tisaleo Canton. The research was developed with a non-experimental study of longuitudinal type because the initial and final values of the treatment plan were collected, which includ es a population of both sexes with age > 65 years, in the evaluation the dynamometer was used to evaluate the muscular strength of the upper limb, the Barthel index to identif y the independence and thus facilitate the development of the recreational activities, with a quantitative approach recording the values in Excel and obtaining the results by means of the SPPS program. The results of muscle strength in the upper limb were significant in older adults of both sexes, having a higher population in the age of 80-85 years in the male sex with an initial value in the right hand of 20.4kg to 22.5 kg, in the left hand with 19.0 kg to 20.4kg and in women in the ages of 75-79 years with a value of 18.7kg to 20.6 kg in the right hand and in the left hand with 16.3kg to 18.9kgItem EVALUACIÓN DEL VOLUMEN DE CARGA AGUDA-CRÓNICA Y SU RELACIÓN CON EL DOLOR MUSCULOESQUELÉTICO EN EL ENTRENAMIENTO DE FUERZA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-28) Granda Mejía, Tatiana Lizbeth; Espín Pastor, Victoria EstefaníaThe research was carried out with the purpose of determining the acute-chronic load volume with musculoskeletal pain in strength training. The acute-chronic training load volume is an instrument that serves as a quantifier of the total amount of work performed by an individual. The acute load is the amount of training performed in the short term in order to know the recent effort and intensity, while the chronic load is that which represents the total amount of work in the long term, usually over a period of 4 weeks or more. In strength training it has been evidenced that most of the population presents musculoskeletal pain and this would be due to the fact that the subjects would be performing overtraining, poor load management, incorrect techniques, high loads, among other factors. Evaluating the acute:chronic load volume can help to optimi z e the individual's performance and prevent injuries. The present research is of a longitudinal correlational type with a quantitat i v e approach, the “Acute chronical workload ratio” (ACWR) method will be used to quantify the training load volume and relate it to the Numerical Pain Scale (NRS), the research consists of a prospective design focused on the relationship between trainin g load volume and musculoskeletal pain, the participants will be monitored every week for two consecutive months to obtain their results.Acute load volume analysis was performed and the resulting ACWR was found to be 0.92 in the first month and 0.93 in the second month, indicating a range in the optima l load ratio zone. With regard to pain assessment, the Numerical Pain Scale (NRS) was used, with a mean NRS of 2.80 indicating mild to moderate pain. In summary, in the results it was established that there is no increase of high loads therefore it was not related to musculoskeletal pain, due to the fact that the populati o n may be presenting pain that is associated to other external factors.Item COMPARACIÓN DE LA MOVILIZACIÓN PASIVA Y ACTIVA EN LA FLEXIBILIDAD DE COLUMNA DORSAL EN ADULTOS MAYORES(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-28) Hurtado Pazmiño, Tanya Mariuxi; Peñafiel Luna, Andrea CarolinaThe research project aims to compare the effects of passive and active mobilization on the flexibility of the dorsal column in older adults. The dorsal column presents different parameters, as older people tend to adapt to different postures, lose mobility, flexibility and become rigid, for this reason, we sought to compare passive and active mobilization, for this an initial and final evaluation was applied in a population of 40 older adults from the Chalata-Province Bolívar-Cantón Guaranda community, ≥ 65 years of age of both sexes, divided into two intervention groups. Passive mobilization and active mobilization with a resistance band and foam roller were used to evaluate theflexibility of the dorsal column and an observational evaluation sheet to determine flexibility, all of this was done in 30 minutes. The design of the research work is analytical, transversal-prospective with a quantitative approach, in this sense, an initial and final evaluation was carried out that obtained numerical and categorical values that were related using Pearson's R statistical test. The result obtained in the correlation of the study variables was significantly positive. In conclusion, a significant relationship was found in the finger-floor distance test on the right and left side in females, group A and B. According to researchers, this is due to the different postures of the spine, regardless of the activities of daily living.Item INSTRUMENTOS DE EVALUACIÓN DESPUÉS DE LA RECONSTRUCCIÓN DE LIGAMENTO CRUZADO ANTERIOR(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-28) Rojas Ibarra, César Enrique; Espín Pastor, Victoria EstefaníaClinical trials focused on anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) use multip l e assessment methods to determine the effectiveness of interventions ; however, the tests used depend on the authors' criteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the assessment instruments used in ACLR with autograft or allograft. A search was conducted in the Cochrane, Scielo, Pubmed, Epistemonikos, and PEDro databases up to May 10, 2024. Inclusion criteria focused on systematic reviews or meta-analys es from the past five years that specified the type of graft, included follow-up details, and were in English or Spanish. Exclusion criteria included studies without population numbers, sex descriptions , or available access. Post-surgical follow-up times for strength evaluat i o n exceed 24 months. The assessment instruments used included the Limb Symmetry Index (LSI), isokinetic and isometric strength tests; clinical tests such as Lachman, Pivot Shift Test; functional evaluations such as the Single Leg Hop Test; question naires associat e d with surgery and function like the IKDC, Lysholm, Tegner, Shellbourne Trumper; and finally, subjective evaluations such as anterior knee pain, pain while kneeling, and Active Joint Position Sense Assessment. Numerous assessment instrument s exist following ACL reconstruction, but it is essential to identify the most effective ones in clinical contexts.Item ENTRENAMIENTO DE LA MUSCULATURA OCULOMOTORA EN EL EQUILIBRIO EN ADULTOS MAYORES(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-28) Sisa Morales, Rita Paola; Cantuña Vallejo, Paul FernandoThe research project was developed with the objective of analyzing the effect of the training of the oculomotor musculature for the improvem ent of the balance in older adults of the Tisaleo Canton, for which an evaluation of a group of 25 older adults of which 13 were men and 12 were women, the Berg scale and the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) were used to evaluate the state in which the balance and gait of the particip a n ts were found. The intervention lasted 7 weeks, two days a week for 45 minutes during which the participants performed 10, 20, 30 and 50 series of eye movements. After the intervention, it was re-evaluated to compare the results and observe if there is an improvem ent in the older adults. The research was developed under a non-experimental quantitative approach, cross - sectional since the data was collected observationally with intervention because a comparison of the results of the evaluations was made and to verify if there was an improvem ent, therefore the research design is longitudinal because the evaluati o ns were performed at different times, it is prospective taking into account that the evaluations and the intervention was applied directly to the participants. The results of the research show that there was a greater significance of 4 times greater probabi li t y of improvement in balance, demonstrating that oculomotor training is effective in improving balance.Item EVALUACIÓN DE LA CAPACIDAD AERÓBICA Y COMPOSICIÓN CORPORAL DE MUJERES JÓVENES UNIVERSITARIAS(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-28) Quintana Moscoso, Mishell Stephania; Cantuña Vallejo, Paúl FernandoThe research focuses on examining the relationship between aerobic capacity and body composition in young female university students. Aerobic capacity, measured through VO2max, is essential for cardiovascular health, while body composition provides information on the distribution of fat and lean mass. The study evaluated aerobic capacity and body composition using standardized tests and anthropo metric analysis . A weak negative correlation (-0.226) was found between body fat percentage and aerobic capacity, although it was not statistically significant (p = 0.288), suggestin g that the association could be random. There was considerable variability in fitness levels, with an average VO2max of approximately 33.2 ml/kg/min, highligh ti n g diversity in aerobic fitness. Body composition showed an average percentage of body fat mass of 22.58%, indicating a variable distribution. This emphasizes the need for personalized health interventions to promote a healthy lifestyle and prevent future issues. Understanding the relationship between aerobic capacity and body composition is crucial for designing effective health promotion interventions in this population.Item EJERCICIOS DE FUERZA-RESISTENCIA PARA MEJORAR EL DOLOR EN PACIENTES CON ARTROSIS DE RODILLA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-28) Chango Tubón, Nury Aidé; Bonilla Ayala, Josselyn GabrielaThe aim is to compare whether performing muscle strengthening exercises (EF) is better than doing aerobic exercises (EA), or vice versa, to reduce pain and improve physical capacity in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. A comprehensive search of databases was conducted, and 13 relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected, of which the quality was evaluated using the Pedro and Amstar scales. The results showed differences in the duration and type of exercise among the studies; approximately 33.33% supported the efficacy of resistance training, 26.67% aerobic training, and 40% concluded that both interventions are equally important. The importance of considering an integrated approach combining both interventions to optimize outcomes in patients with knee osteoarthritis is emphasized, as each offers complementary benefits. Strength training improves muscle strength, while aerobic exercise addresses central sensitization, both reducing pain and enhancing physical capacity.