Nutrición y Dietética
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Item INSEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA Y RETARDO EN TALLA EN NIÑOS DE EDUCACIÓN INICIAL, DE UNIDADES EDUCATIVAS DE LAS ZONAS URBANA Y RURAL DE LA CIUDAD DE LATACUNGA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-27) Muso Salazar, Mayte Alejandra; Zuñiga Sanchez, Valeria MonserrathFood insecurity is defined as the lack of access to sufficient and nutritious food. When children suffer from food insecurity, they do not obtain the nutrients necessary for adequate growth and development. This situation can be caused by poverty, lack of resources, lack of knowledge about adequate nutrition and other socioeconomic factors. Food insecurity can lead to chronic malnutrition, negatively affecting the physical and cognitive development of children. Stunting is a key indicator of children's nutritional status, manifesting itself in poor growth in height compared to the child's age. Stunted children are shorter than expected for their age, often as a result of chronic malnutrition related to food insecurity. This problem can have lasting effects on physical and cognitive development, resulting in lower academic performance and increased risk of disease. It is essential to address these problems at the early education stage. Strategies to ensure access to safe and nutritious foods must be implemented, in addition to promoting nutritional education for parents and caregivers. It is also crucial to provide access to quality health services and medical care, and to address underlying factors such as poverty and inequality that contribute to food insecurity and stunting.Item EVIDENCIA CIENTÍFICA SOBRE EL MANEJO NUTRICIONAL DEL ADULTO MAYOR ENCAMADO(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-27) Morejon Villarroel, Jemima Elizabeth; Guevara Villacis, Mishelts VanessaPopulation aging is a global reality, with a significant increase in the number of older individuals. As we age, the prevalence of chronic diseases and disabilities requiring long-term care also grows. Bedridden older adults are particularly vulnerable and face challenges due to their limited mobility and dependence on daily activities.This study focuses on caring for this population, addressing complication prevention, mobility promotion, and quality of life enhancement through novel and evidence-based approaches. It’s essential to note that when adapting food texture to enhance tolerance, we must maintain nutritional quality and appealing appearance to preserve appetite. Transforming food should not compromise its nutritional value, as this could further deteriorate the health of older adults.The most common complications may include the presence of sarcopenia in older adults. In summary, improving the quality of life for bedridden older adults requires a multidisciplinary approach. Different professionals must address the physical and physiological changes that influence disease onset. Nutritional treatment is crucial for maintaining physical and mental health, preventing chronic diseases, and promoting independence. Nutritional care should consider factors such as dysphagia, customs, socioeconomic status, and anemia. Ultimately, balanced nutrition tailored to the needs of older adults is essential for optimal and dignified aging.Item ESTADO NUTRICIONAL EN LA PRIMERA INFANCIA, SEGÚN NIVELES DE SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA Y NUTRICIONAL EN UNA COMUNIDAD RURAL DEL CANTÓN LATACUNGA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-27) Rivadeneira Quiroga, Marina Alejandra; Guanga Lara, Verónica ElizabethThe objective of this research was to associate nutritional status and food security in early childhood in a rural community of Latacunga in order to know the number of families suffering from food insecurity and how many children within them suffer from malnutrition, for which a crossectional descriptive observational study was conducted. The samples used were 34 children from 1 to 3 years old who belong to a child development center in the Ashpacruz sector of the city of Latacunga. As a source of information, the nutritional status of the children was evaluated through weight and length/height in addition to two surveys, one conducted by the researcher with socio economic characteristics and general data of the caregiver, availability and access to food, water for consumption, among other determinants, and the ELCSA survey to determine the level of food insecurity of the children and their families. The results obtained show that only global malnutrition is related to food insecurity according to the statistical test applied and that most of the population studied has some type of malnutrition. In addition, it was evidenced that most families suffer from moderate food insecurity, which shows that the studied population and their families have a reduced amount of food and that these foods are not of good nutritional quality being data of utmost importance due to the prevalence of malnutrition in the country and the impact that food security has on society today.Item ESTRATEGIAS NUTRICIONALES EN PACIENTES CON ALZHEIMER. UNA REVISIÓN DE LITERATURA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-20) Llerena Llerena, Lesly Dayanara; Cruz Hidalgo, Pablo AndresAlzheimer's disease is a growing neurodegenerative condition for the aging population worldwide, and is one of the most common forms of dementia; where nutritional status plays an important role in the prevention and management of this pathology. The objective of this research is to review the latest updates on nutritional strategies in patients with Alzheimer's disease. A systematic review of the scientific literature was conducted. Updated studies that provided nutritional knowledge as strategies in the management of patients with Alzheimer's and recommendations were included. Articles from the last 5 were selected such as: Google Scholar, Elsevier, Sciencedirect, Scielo, Pubmed, Mendeley. Through a database screening of 20 scientific articles, taking into account inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 high-level evidence investigations were introduced into this study as part of the discussion of nutritional strategies. The consulted research indicates the timely detection of the risk of malnutrition supported by MNA screening, introduction of nutrients in the diet such as antioxidants and antiinflammatories, modification of texture and consistency of foods. Evidence supports that the Mediterranean diet and DASH are more effective for their neuroprotective benefits in Alzheimer's disease.