Nutrición y Dietética
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Item RELACIÓN DE LA COMPOSICIÓN CORPORAL, HÁBITOS ALIMENTARIOS Y ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA DE LOS CHOFERES DE TRANSPORTE PUBLICO DE SAN PEDRO DE PELILEO(2026-06-18) Cisneros Céspedes, Emily Andrea; Llangari Zurita, Mirian Isabel; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y DietéticaThe present study aimed to analyze the relationship between body composition, dietary habits, and the level of physical activity in public transport drivers from the canton of San Pedro de Pelileo. For this purpose, a total of 70 participants were evaluated through a quantitative approach study, with a non-experimental and cross-sectional design. Data collection included the measurement of anthropometric parameters such as body mass index and waist circumference, as well as the application of instruments to assess dietary habits and physical activity levels. The results showed a high prevalence of overweight, obesity, and cardiovascular risk associated with abdominal adiposity, along with dietary patterns characterized by a high consumption of ultra-processed foods. Additionally, low levels of physical activity and prolonged sedentary behavior were identified. Correlation analysis revealed that sitting time is positively associated with increases in body mass index and cardiovascular risk, whereas walking showed a protective effect. In conclusion, the findings confirm that body composition, dietary habits, and physical activity are closely interrelated and significantly influence the health status of public transport drivers.Item AYUNO INTERMITENTE Y EFECTOS METABÓLICOS EN DEPORTISTAS: REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA(2025-10-06) Tercero Torres, Lizbeth Estefania; Bonilla Veloz, Silvia Elizabeth; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y DietéticaIntermittent fasting has emerged as a popular strategy in the field of sports performance, promising benefits in body composition and metabolic health. In athletes, its impact remains debated, especially in relation to endurance and strength sports. This article reviews the recent literature on the effects of AI in athletes. A systematic review was performed following the PRISMA methodology. Forty studies published between 2019 and 2024 were selected from indexed databases. The articles included data on body composition, sports performance and metabolic parameters in athletes undergoing IA protocols. The studies analyzed show that IA can improve fat oxidation and insulin sensitivity, with positive results on fat mass loss. However, its effect on sports performance is variable and depends on factors such as type of sport and nutritional planning. AI offers benefits on body composition and some metabolic parameters, but its application should be tailored to the individual athlete's needs. Further studies are required to establish specific recommendations.Item COMPOSICIÓN CORPORAL Y CAPACIDAD AÉROBICA EN DEPORTISTAS DE TAEKWONDO DE LA CIUDAD DE AMBATO(2025-10-06) Narváez Altamirano, Katherine Macarena; Chiriboga Guerrero, Cristina Valeria; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y DietéticaObjective: To analyze the relationship between body composition and aerobic capacity in taekwondo athletes from the city of Ambato, with the aim of proposing integrated nutrition and physical training strategies to optimize sports performance.Methodology: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted, obtaining results for body composition and aerobic capacity among taekwondo athletes. A total of 38 athletes from various clubs and sports institutions in Ambato, aged between 18 and 25 years, both male and female, were included. Body composition was evaluated using bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody 120), and aerobic capacity was assessed with the Cooper test. Normality tests (Shapiro-Wilk) and correlation analyses (Spearman/Pearson) were applied to examine the relationship between anthropometric variables and aerobic performance.Results: Women showed a higher percentage of body fat (22.6%) and lower lean mass (47.08%) compared to men (17.39% and 53.1%, respectively); these differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The average aerobic capacity measured by the Cooper test was higher in men (2111 m) than in women (1833 m). A strong and significant negative correlation was found between the percentage of body fat and aerobic capacity (ρ = -0.89; p < 0.001), while the relationship between muscle mass and aerobic performance, although positive, was not statistically significant (ρ = 0.31; p = 0.055). No significant associations were found between age, weight, and aerobic capacity. Conclusions: A higher percentage of body fat is associated with lower aerobic performance in taekwondo athletes, while greater lean mass may have a positive influence, although further research is needed. Periodic evaluations of body composition and aerobic capacity are recommended, as well as personalized training and nutrition interventions according to sex and individual athlete characteristics.Item COMPOSICIÓN CORPORAL, CRONOTIPO Y RIESGO DE DESARROLLAR DIABETES TIPO II SEGÚN EL TEST FINDRISC EN DOCENTES UNIVERSITARIOS(2025-10-06) Jimenez Sigcha Heidy Anabel; Constanza Michelle Parreño Freire; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y DietéticaBody composition and chronotype are key factors that can significantly influence the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, a chronic disease characterized by insulin resistance and elevated blood glucose levels, which poses a global public health concern. This study, conducted with faculty members from the Health Sciences Faculty at the Technical University of Ambato (UTA), aims to analyze the relationship between these factors and the risk of developing the disease, using the FINDRISC test as an evaluation tool. Understanding how body composition and chronotype patterns impact this risk is essential for the early identification of vulnerable individuals and the promotion of effective preventive strategies. This initiative aims not only to improve the participants' quality of life but also to contribute to reducing the incidence of this condition within the community.Item COMPOSICIÓN CORPORAL Y HÁBITOS ALIMENTARIOS EN EL PERSONAL DE LA POLICÍA NACIONAL DE LA PROVINCIA TUNGURAHUA(2025-10-06) Guasti Negrete, Lastenia; Tuyupanda Cuvi, Noemi Judith; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y DietéticaThe objective of this study was to determine the influence of body composition and eating habitsin order to improve the lifestyle of National Police personnel in the province of Tungurahua. An observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 50 police officers. A food frequency survey was applied and anthropometric measurements were taken using bioimpedance. Among the results obtained, it was observed that 44% of the personnel were overweight, 68% had high visceral fat, and 62% had a very high percentage of body fat. Low consumption of vegetables and dairy productsand a high frequency of fast foods, processed foods, and sugary drinks were also identified, which was found to be a significant relationship between food and body composition. A relationship was evidenced between an inadequate diet and a negative impact on the body composition of police personnel. It is recommended to implement cantonal programs for this population.Item INFLUENCIA DE LA SUPLEMENTACIÓN CON CREATINA EN LA COMPOSICION CORPORAL EN ATLETAS DE RESISTENCIA Y FUERZA(2025-10-06) Fiallos Chisaguano, Lissette Pamela; Solórzano Gaibor Diego Sebastián; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y DietéticaThe objective of the study was to carry out an updated literature review on the influence that creatine supplementation has on body composition, focusing on studies involving both endurance and strength athletes. The search was carried out in scientific and academic databases such as PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. The search strategy was based on keywords according to DeCS terminology, using Boolean operators AND and OR and the relevant signs to achieve a search for the best scientific evidence. The results reflect that creatinine supplementation has been effective in increasing lean mass, mainly associated with greater muscle protein synthesis and water retention at the intracellular level. Regarding the percentage of fat, the results are limited. The most effective protocol for creatinine supplementation consists of starting with a loading phase of 20g/day for 5 to 7 weeks and then maintaining doses of 3 to 5/day. Creatinine supplementation is considered safe at recommended doses for healthy people. Very few adverse effects are reported and classified as mild and transient, highlighting water retention and some gastrointestinal disorders.Item DETERMINACIÓN DE LA COMPOSICIÓN CORPORAL EN DEPORTISTAS DE ALTO RENDIMIENTO DE LA CIUDAD DE AMBATO(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-09-27) Lascano López, Elsie Germania; Galarza Esparza, William BayardoThe purpose of this research was to analyze the body composition of high performance athletes and compare it with a control group, and we were able to determine that the BMI is not an adequate indicator to evaluate an athlete due to the alterations that he/she has according to weight and the amount of muscle mass. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample of 38 athletes between 19 and 30 years of age, 14 of high performance, 13 men and 1 woman and 24 of control group, all men, in which through a bioimpedance study allowed us to compare their percentage of fat mass and muscle mass in relation to their weight according to the time and type of training and if there is a relationship between both groups, The results were obtained through a Chi-square statistical test to be able to cross variables, where there is no relationship between the control group and the high performance group based on their BMI and muscle mass. However, in the percentages of fat mass, there was little significant difference in relation to the high performance athletes and the control group since both were between normal and high ranges. With respect to hydration, it was found that high performance athletes have better total body water levels due to their muscle percentage, their water levels are more stable compared to the control group, therefore, it was determined that the BMI should not be used to evaluate a high performance athlete because most of them will be overweight and even obese due to their musculature.Item Ingesta alimentaria en relación a la composición corporal en jugadores de básquet de la categoría intermedia y superior(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-05-01) Zurita Montes de Oca, Gilson Alexander; Galarza Esparza, William Bayardo ND, Mg.The purpose of this project was to analyze dietary intake and body composition with the influence of physical performance in adolescents who play basketball and train to become professionals in a high-performance club in Ambato. The study was descriptive, cross-sectional. We worked with a sample of 25 adolescent athletes between 12 and 17 years old: 18 women and 7 men. Food intake was evaluated through a consumption frequency survey, body composition through a bioimpedance technological tool, and physical performance through a Cooper Test physical test. The results were obtained through the Pearson Chi square statistical test for the crossing of variables, where it was demonstrated that according to all the indicators there is no significant relationship between food intake and body composition in athletes. However, there was a relationship (p<0.05) between other factors that are important in the athlete, such as physical performance with body composition and nutritional status with physical performance and energy that encompasses the athlete's total calories. It can be concluded that the imbalance of macro and micronutrients influences the physical performance of the athlete, especially in the female sex, since in adolescence she undergoes many physical, hormonal, psychological, and social changes that generate dietary alterations. It is recommended to evaluate food intake through a dietary reminder for a maximum of 3 days to have more accurate calculationsItem Análisis de la composición corporal con relación al tipo de actividad física y consumo alimentario en jóvenes adultos de entre 18 – 25 años de una federación deportiva de la zona 3(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-09-01) Querido Santamaría, Jazmín Gabriela; Pasochoa Miniguano, Fausto Enrique Dr.Body Composition is of great importance in sports and health to estimate physical and nutritional status, thanks to which it has been possible to diagnose and prevent overweight, obesity and other diseases of cardiovascular and metabolic origin that drastically affect health. In the same way, healthy eating is closely related to the wellbeing of the organism. The objective of this research is to analyze the body composition in relation to the type of physical activity and food consumption in young adults between 18 - 25 years of a federation. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample of 125 athletes from 5 disciplines (Athletics, Basketball, Soccer, Swimming and Taekwondo) of both sexes (91 men and 34 women). Food consumption was identified through a survey of eating habits in which the consumption of fruits, vegetables, cereals, proteins, dairy products and fast foods was evidenced. Weight, height, BMI, and percentages of lean and fat mass were also measured using a bioimpedance scale. The statistical analysis was carried out with the statistical program SPSS and it was shown that Soccer contributes to the maintenance of the musculature in the body but the most effective discipline for the generation of a greater amount of muscle mass in the body is Swimming. In the same way, food and knowing how to choose the food we consume is also a fundamental point that goes hand in hand with sport.