Browsing by Author "Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol"

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Ampliación de la vía El Limón – El Deseo 4+000 a 8+000 perteneciente al cantón Pangua de la provincia de Cotopaxi
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-02) Aillón Maroto, Brando Ariel; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
The need for this technical project lies in meeting the requirements of the residents regarding the problem of vehicular traffic in the El Limón-El Deseo sector, which generated a conflict in terms of economic issues regarding the sustainability of the sector, agriculture and livestock. Therefore, we proceeded to provide a solution based on the regulations of the Ministry of Transportation and Public Works MTOP 2003, and AASHTO 93 regulations. The methodology of this technical project began with the topographic survey with precision equipment, in this case a total station, the survey contains the existing road, a strip of 50m per side and existing buildings that reach within this strip. Subsequently, a soil analysis was carried out, excavation pits were dug to obtain soil samples every 500m along the road section under study, with these samples laboratory tests were carried out to obtain the characteristics, physical and mechanical properties of the soil, information necessary for the subsequent design of pavements. For the road design, we began with a vehicle count for 7 days and 12 hours a day, from which we obtained the future TPDA, necessary to choose the type of road and its characteristics according to the aforementioned regulations. Finally, a referential budget was elaborated with the current unit prices, so that the responsible entity, in this case the GAD Municipal de Pangua, can make use of this technical project for the benefit of the community.
Ampliación de la vía El Limón – El Deseo 8+000 A 12+000 perteneciente al Cantón Pangua de la provincia de Cotopaxi
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-09) Llerena Altamirano, Diego Andres; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
This technical project is located in the province of Cotopaxi, in the Pangua canton, in sections 8+000 to 12+000. The project is based on providing a solution to the problem of vehicular traffic for the inhabitants of the sector, which hinders commerce for the inhabitants who are dedicated to agriculture and livestock. The methods used for the calculations are based on the regulations of the Ministerio de Transporte y Obras Públicas MTOP 2003 and AASHTO 93. The topographic survey was carried out with a total station, and with the help of cadeneros, the existing road was surveyed, taking into account the houses, churches and fields. To have a better reference of the terrain, a 50-meter topographic strip was made on each side of the road. For the soil analysis, soil samples were taken by means of calicatas that were elaborated every 500 meters of the existing road, to later carry out the studies to evaluate the physical and mechanical characteristics of this one. The traffic analysis was carried out by means of a manual vehicle count, which was carried out for 7 consecutive days and 12 hours a day. This count was used to determine the type of road and its characteristics. For the reference budget, the materials were quoted according to the year 2022 and the unit price analysis of the most relevant items for the construction of the project was carried out.
Ampliación de la vía El Limón – el deseo tramo 12+000 a 16+000 perteneciente al cantón Pangua de la provincia de Cotopaxi
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-09) Guallpa Pando, Johnny Paul; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
Due to the fact that currently between the El Limón - El Deseo sector in the 12+000 to 16+000 section there is an average baseline of 3 m, making traffic difficult, we used the parameters standardized by the Ministry of Transportation and Public Works MTOP - 2003 and AASHTO regulations. For this purpose, data collection and analysis methods were implemented to determine the current condition of the road and to propose an adequate solution to improve the quality of life of the residents. To determine the orographic characteristics of the area, a topographic survey was used with an M3-DR2 total station along the road axis with a 50 m strip on each side. To determine vehicular traffic, we used the TPDA counting method with a 20-year projection, which allowed us to establish horizontal and vertical geometric and pavement structure design parameters based on MTOP and AASHTO guidelines. With the extraction of soils, it was determined that between sections 12+000 to 16+000 there is a predominance of clayey-loamy soil of medium to low plasticity based on the plasticity charts (SUCS) and AASHTO, in addition, the bearing capacity of the soil was determined by the CBR test, which determined a structure of 20 cm of sub-base, 10 cm of base and 5 cm of asphalt binder. With the quantification of cut and fill, a referential construction budget was determined with a value of $ 935,547.85 US dollars.
Ampliación de la vía El limón – El Deseo tramo 20+000 a 21+000 y El Deseo – Punta Brava tramo 21+000 a 24+000 perteneciente al cantón Pangua de la provincia de Cotopaxi
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-01) Aldás Herrera, Reny Alexander; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
It attributes problems of lack of commerce, quality of life and basic needs that make this project have the importance of an expansion and study of the road for the residents of the El Deseo - Punta Brava sector between kilometers 20+000 and 24+000. With this, economic growth and quality of life for its inhabitants are sought, which through certain design parameters dictated by the MTOP (2003), make it possible to determine the classification of the road as Class III. A topographical survey was used as the first point, which helped us to establish the conditions of the terrain with precision equipment, and managed to execute an excellent horizontal, vertical and transversal geometric design with its complementary works. At the same time, the soil study is under way, in which the index properties and mechanical of the soil samples were determined for each abscissa, using the specifications of both the AASHTO and the SUCS, defining a fundamental design parameter such as is the CBR, and allowed to set thicknesses of the pavement layers It is essential to study the traffic that this road has (TPDA), which allowed us to make a future projection of it in 20 years, seeking to satisfy the demand of its users without the loss of serviceability of the pavement. Finally, a calculation of cut and fill volumes is made to specify a reference budget, giving us the premises of the construction stage of said road.
Análisis comparativo de las propiedades mecánicas, tracción paralela a la fibra y flexión perpendicular a la fibra de la madera de Arrayán, proveniente de la provincia de Tungurahua y su factibilidad como material estructural de acuerdo con la Norma Ecuatoriana de la Construcción 2015 (NEC 2015)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2025-02) Paredes Villalva, Jonathan Alexander; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
This experimental work was developed with the aim of analysing the physical and mechanical properties of Myrtle wood from the province of Tungurahua, specifically from the cities of Ambato, Salasaca, Tisaleo and Mocha, because there is no previous research with tangible data to compare with other wood species and categorise them as structural material that can be used for the benefit of professionals and pre-professionals in the field of construction. In the first phase, Myrtle wood was collected from these locations and specimens were made according to ASTM D143-94 specifications. To guarantee the quality and uniformity of the results, pieces free of defects and with homogeneous sections were selected. The geographical coordinates of the locations where the wood was obtained in each city were also recorded, and a bibliographic and documentary approach was used to support the experimental work. This initial phase included the preparation of specimens for moisture content, perpendicular bending, parallel tension and compression tests parallel to the grain, ensuring that international standards were met. In the second phase, physical and mechanical tests were carried out using equipment such as an electric kiln, an electronic balance and a universal testing machine. The data obtained on the moisture content, elastic modulus and allowable stress of the specimens made it possible to identify significant variations in the properties of the wood according to its origin. In the third phase, a comparative analysis was carried out, which showed that Arrayán wood complies with the ranges established by the Ecuadorian Construction Standard (NEC 2015), confirming its viability as a structural material. This study provides an important technical framework for the implementation of Arrayán as a sustainable resource in construction and opens the door to future research in this field.
Análisis comparativo del material proveniente de las minas “Explendor”, “La Ponderosa” y cantera “Tierra Prometida” de la provincia de Chimborazo utilizado para la elaboración de base y subbase en la construcción de carreteras
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-08) Aguachela Paucar, Edison Adrian; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
It is important to note that in Ecuador, influenced by United States trade policies, the construction of high-quality roads has been common since ancient times. From then until the present, the road network has expanded due to the increase in population and commercial activities. This expansion has created the need to assess the characteristics of the materials used in the construction of these infrastructures. In this study, the quality of materials extracted from the Explendor, La Ponderosa, and Tierra Prometida mines was evaluated through a comparative analysis of performance and mechanical properties for the development of bases and sub-bases in road construction. This study was characterized by an experimental approach involving the direct evaluation and testing of the physical and mechanical properties of these mines and quarries in the province of Chimborazo. The results of the analysis show that most of the materials from the mines meet the standards established by the Ministry of Public Works (MOP); however, La Ponderosa does not meet the requirements for the abrasion of base material, as the obtained value (44 percent) exceeds the permissible limit (40 percent). Additionally, it has been verified that the materials comply with CBR values of more than 80 percent for bases and more than 30 percent for sub-bases. It is recommended to use material from Explendor deposits for projects requiring high mechanical strength and durability of bases and sub-bases.
Análisis comparativo del uso de ceniza de la cascarilla de arroz para la estabilización de suelo
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Portero Panimbosa, Christian Javier; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
This research arises as an alternative in soil stabilization by using rice husk ash (RHA) to generate a positive impact on the environment. The rice industry generates a huge amount of agricultural waste that are not used, such as rice husk, which, when it is incinerated under controlled temperatures exceeding 500 degrees Celsius, produce ash rich in silica. To assess the influence of RHA on the mechanical properties of soils, one sample of soil was taken from three different locations, tests like modified Proctor and CBR were conducted initially on natural soil samples and subsequently with the replacement of RHA in different proportions (15, 25, and 35 percent). The data revealed that the inclusion of RHA led to an increase in the optimum moisture content and a decrease in maximum dry density, also showed a significant improvement in CBR, where, for sandy soil SM with the addition of 26.80 percent of RHA, the CBR increased by 18.30 percent, for sandy silty soil ML with the addition of 12.30 percent of RHA, the CBR increased by 12.55 percent, and for clayed soil CH with the addition of 26.00 percent of RHA, the CBR increased by 11.10 percent. Consequently, the findings from this experimental project could serve as a starting point for the development of new methods and materials for soil stabilization.
Análisis comparativo del uso de escoria de siderurgia para la estabilización de suelo
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2020) Tirado Gutiérrez, Cynthia Elizabeth; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
The present experimental project aims to stabilize different types of soil of different properties by adding steel slag. Sample # 1 sandy silt soil was subtracted from the Pilisurco province of Tungurahua, sample # 2 clay soil was subtracted from the parish Murialdo province of Pastaza, sample # 3 steel slag was stolen from Canton Ambato. Once the sample and the place were identified, samples were taken from each type of soil. The necessary tests were carried out to establish the type, property and characteristics of each soil. A granulometric analysis and test for the determination of the Atterberg limits were performed to identify the type of soil according to the tables established by the Unified Soil Classification System (SUCS). The Type D Modified Proctor test was run to determine the CBR soil support capacity (California Support Ratio) which gives results of each sample tested as the maximum dry density and the optimum humidity for them to proceed with the CBR test. These tests were carried out with the soil combination plus three percentages 8, 10 and 35% of steel slag. These samples were submerged in water for three days to analyze the sponge generated by each type of soil with the combination with steel slag. For this comparative analysis, the properties and characteristics of the samples were evaluated, such as their moisture content, plasticity and support capacity, which were statistically analyzed with different combinations, resulting in an ideal alternative in which the steel slag It can be used to improve soil properties and its use as a subgrade.
Análisis de las propiedades mecánicas de la madera de canelo proveniente de la ciudad del Puyo provincia de Pastaza y su factibilidad como material estructural de acuerdo con la norma Ecuatoriana de la Construcción 2015 (NEC 2015)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-08) Ponce Romero, Carlos Andrés; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
The objective of this experimental work is to provide information on the mechanical properties of canelo wood (perpendicular bending and traction parallel to the fiber) from the urban parish: Puyo, and the rural parishes: El Triunfo, Veracruz and Tarqui, province of Pastaza, and reveal the maximum stress, modulus of elasticity and resistance to parallel traction and perpendicular bending to the grain that this type of wood presents. The research was based on the ASTM D143-94 regulations for the preparation of the test pieces, in which 6 samples were made for each test and both physical and mechanical properties were determined. In the physical tests, the moisture content was determined in the green or freshly cut state and dry state, which complies with the parameters given by the NTE INEN 896 (2013) standard, while for the mechanical tests the elastic modulus and the admissible stresses in axial bending and parallel traction of each of the parish specimens, governed by the formulas established by the ASTM D198 standard. According to the results of the analyzes given of the 48 samples of canelo wood, it was established that this type of wood can be used as a structural material, since its calculated mechanical properties gave significant values, taking into consideration that the wood Coming from the Puyo urban parish, it had better resistance in parallel traction and perpendicular bending to the fiber.
Análisis de las propiedades mecánicas, tracción paralela a la fibra y flexión perpendicular a la fibra de la madera de capulí, proveniente de la provincia de Tungurahua y su factibilidad como material estructural de acuerdo con la norma ecuatoriana de la construcción 2015 (NEC 2015)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Aldás Ramos, Daysi Eliana; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
This research seeks to provide information on the use of capulí wood from the cantons of Ambato, Cevallos, Mocha, Pelileo, Santiago de Píllaro, Quero and Tisalelo, as a structural material in construction. This experimental work complies with the parameters established in the standards ASTM D143-94, ASTM D198, NTE INEN 896 and NEC-SE-MD 2015, from which samples of green or freshly cut wood were extracted and specimens of capulí wood with a natural drying process were elaborated. By means of physical tests, the moisture content in the dry and green state was determined, and by means of mechanical tests, the modulus of elasticity and admissible stress were determined. In addition, the results obtained in each canton were used to create load vs. deformation graphs; stress vs. unit deformation; comparative tables of the results obtained and zoning maps. Based on the analysis carried out on 84 capulí wood specimens, it was determined that capulí wood can be used as a structural material, since it presented representative values in the mechanical tests carried out, being the wood from the Ambato canton the one that showed a higher resistance to both parallel traction and static bending.
Análisis del comportamiento del asfalto reciclado mezclado con vidrio de la vía Cevallos – Mocha en el tramo km 0 + 000 al km 3 + 306 de la provincia de Tungurahua
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Fernández López, Jorge Estuardo; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
Currently, various techniques are used for the design of asphalt mixtures; however, in Ecuador, the implementation of materials such as crushed glass and asphalt pavement has not been fully accepted. The current project aims to analyze asphalt mixtures with partial substitution of these recycled materials, addressing both the environmental and economic aspects. Therefore, we started with a preliminary study where we collected data on the road under study and basic information on the incorporation of RAP and crushed glass, tests were carried out on the stone aggregates and recycled materials in order to evaluate their quality and determine their mechanical properties, 15 conventional briquettes were made, Through the Marshall method, an optimum percentage of asphalt was obtained, allowing to obtain an adequate asphalt mixture that served as a base to substitute the proportions of the materials in question, four design alternatives of asphalt mixtures were executed, which had different percentages of crushed glass and recycled asphalt. The first three alternatives worked with the optimum AC-20 content of the conventional asphalt mix, while for the last alternative an optimum content of 6.65 percent AC-20, 4.82 percent RAP and 4.42 percent crushed glass was determined. All the asphalt mixes were evaluated using parameters established by the MOP-001-F-2002 standard. As a result, and in compliance with the last objective of the project, the respective master formulas were established for each asphalt mix design executed.
Análisis del desempeño acústico de paredes compuestas utilizando una matriz de polímeros termoplásticos y fibras vegetales de coco
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-04) Jiménez Sánchez, Mayra Alejandra; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
One of the most important problems nowadays and that little attention is paid especially in our country, is noise pollution, which can bring with it different health problems such as: stress, sleep disorders, low productivity, among others. In some countries to reduce noise, different petroleum-based materials are used, thus generating more waste and pollution. To find a possible solution to this problem, this experimental project was proposed, in order to analyze the feasibility of using two recycled materials, forming a composite material in order to analyze its acoustic performance. The composite walls analyzed are formed by two panels 5 or 7mm thick with a gap between the panels having a total thickness of 8cm; For the evaluation of certain acoustic properties of the material, the impedance tube or Kundt tube was used, following the ISO 10534-2 and ASTM E 1050-98 standards. In addition, a comparison was made of the composite walls with two types of masonry normally used, the hollow concrete block and brick, to obtain the acoustic coefficient of this materials, the ISO 354 standard was followed.
Análisis del efecto de la adición de emulsión asfáltica y cemento portland en suelos de subbase clase 3
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Flores Curay, Mara Alexandra; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
This study analyzed the effect that a granular material such as class 3 subbase has when adding Slow Break Cationic Asphalt Emulsion type CSS-1h and Portland Cement, with the objective of improving the bearing capacity of the subbase. Every engineering project is based on the soil, which is why it must comply with minimum parameters, resulting in the need to stabilize the soil. The analysis of the physical-mechanical properties of the granular material was carried out through laboratory tests, verifying that they meet the acceptance criteria of the MTOP for a class 3 subbase; The values obtained for maximum dry density, optimal humidity and CBR support capacity of the samples were analyzed by adding 1, 3, 5 and 8 percent of asphalt emulsion, determining the optimal percentage, the analysis of the values was repeated, but with optimal percentage of asphalt emulsion plus Portland cement percentages of 3, 6, 9 and 12 percent. With the results obtained, the design of flexible pavements was developed for the soil in its natural state as well as for the stabilized one, in order to analyze and contrast costs which are affected by the thicknesses of each layer that constitutes the structure of the pavement. Finally, the combination of 3 percent asphalt emulsion plus 5.7 percent Portland cement provides up to 61.70 percent stabilization of the soil, notably improving its bearing capacity, comparing the results with the added stabilizers.
Caracterización de la curva de consumo diario de la red de agua potable de los sectores San Bartolomé de Pinllo - Ambatillo del cantón Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2019) Espinosa Falconí, Xavier Gonzalo; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
In this experimental work, provide data on drinking water consumption generated by rural users in the San Bartolomé de Pinllo - Ambatillo area of the city of Ambato, information that will be used in future research as well as in the design of distribution networks . In the experimental work, measurements of drinking water demands are made, which generate daily consumption curves, maximum daily flows, consumption patterns, and finally a mapping of the results obtained in the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software. To achieve the stated objectives, a process was followed which included the following steps: collection of necessary information in the Municipal Water Supply and Sewer Company of Ambato "EMAPA" on the distribution network "San Bartolomé de PinlloAmbatillo", as the distribution area covered by the network, the households that are supplied and the number of users that belong to it, then the study area was divided into two zones for greater ease in the collection of information, surveys were conducted users of the different study areas, the measurement of the pressure that exists in each study area at strategic points, in addition to the micro measurement of the flow consumed in a period of one day during a month and in different time zones. Finally, statistical analysis and interpretation of results were developed, including the average number of hydraulic points, average number of inhabitants, reference consumption patterns such as the typical week of consumption, as well as instantaneous maximum flows by houses and departments for each study area. With the use of tables and graphs thus generating a mapping in the geographic information system.
Caracterización de la curva de consumo diario de la red de agua potable del sector Huachi Chico II del cantón Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2019) Bonilla Jerez, Michelle Katherine; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
The objective of this experimental work was to obtain the characterization of the daily consumption curve of the drinking water network of the Huachi Chico II sector of the Ambato canton. The main methodology for this analysis was the daily record of consumption readings for a period of 60 days, in each of the homes that were taken as part of the sample, which corresponded to 100 homes in the sector; This process is performed in a range of 08H00 to 12H00 of the day. Parallel to this process, the hourly consumption of a single dwelling of the sector was obtained for a period of 7 days and in turn, in the same period of time, information was collected on the pressures of each dwelling, part of the sample, trying to equal way to maintain a specific schedule for the taking of this information. In addition, at the end of taking measurements of daily consumption, time and pressure, surveys were conducted for the inhabitants of the sector in order to know the number of people living in each property, the number of health devices and the typology of the housing, among others. Finally, after all the aforementioned information was collected and tabulated, the expected results were obtained: curves of daily consumption, typical week of daily consumption, patterns of hourly consumption and per capita consumption; where one of the most relevant values obtained is the average per capita consumption of the sector with a value of 177.57 lt / hab / day, which was used to compare with the current regulations in the country.
Caracterización de la curva de consumo diario de la red de agua potable del sector Huachi Loreto II del cantón Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2019) Chipantiza Llerena, Martha Valeria; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
The objective of this experimental work is to provide data drinking water consumption generated by users of the Huachi Loreto II sector, of Ambato canton, in order that using in consulting projects and advanced research studies. For the development of the present research project, it was started by collecting information about the number of urban lands existing in the Huachi Loreto Parish, because the parish has a large extension, it was divided into two sectors of study so that each sector I designate 100 typical residential users of the sector, with the objective that the sample is representative. Subsequently, measurements of the volume of drinking water consumption were made over a period of 60 days, which allowed generating daily consumption curves, consumption patterns, daily maximum flows and future consumption, as well as surveys of residential users with the objective of determine per capita consumption; and finally, it was decided to measure the pressure with which the water reaches each of the established properties. Then, the interpretation of results was performed as: the average number of inhabitants, average number of sanitary units, the typical week of consumption, consumption patterns for the study sector by means of graphs and tables to later elaborate maps of the results obtained in a Geographic Information System (GIS) software.
Caracterización de la curva de consumo diario de la red de agua potable del sector La Merced del cantón Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2019) Vinueza Pallo, Mario Alex; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
The objective of this study is to characterize the consumption curve of the La Merced sector in the Ambato canton, from which the results will be suitable for research and for the Public Company of Drinking Water and Sewerage (EMAPA). For the elaboration of the work, the information of the sector was collected again as: delimitation, number of properties to be able to select the sample; to then perform the following hours 24 hours a day. Subsequently, the users of the dwellings have been assessed through surveys, in order to obtain real information and, lastly, the measurements of the pressures in each dwelling have been carried out for seven days. Through the analysis and interpretation of the results, characteristic results of the La Merced sector were obtained such as: per capita consumption with a value of 157,230 l/hab /day and the highest hourly consumption is in the range of 10 to 12 of the tomorrow why is more activity done as household cleaning, food preparation, etc
Comparación de hormigones elaborados con dosificación de 210 kg/cm2 con y sin adición de ceniza de cáscara de huevo
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2025-02) Freire Herrera, Genesis Janeth; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
Agro-industrial waste is a worldwide problem today due to the large amount of waste generated and its poor final disposal. The following experimental work dealt with the production of concrete with a dosage of 210 kilograms per square centimeter, with and without the addition of eggshell ash. To do this, eggshells were collected for a month, which were dried, ground and calcined. Once the ash was obtained, a detailed characterization of all the materials involved in the dosage was carried out using the Optimum Density Method, including moisture content, density, granulometry and absorption. With this information, concrete mixtures were designed with different percentages of fine aggregate replacement by eggshell ash (5, 15 and 30 percent). Once the compressive strength tests were carried out, they revealed a differentiated behavior depending on the curing age and the proportion of eggshell ash incorporated. Initially, at 7 days, a 5.23 percent increase in compressive strength was observed with a 5 percent ash substitution, suggesting that a low concentration of this material can enhance the early development of concrete strength. However, the formulations with higher ash additions (15 and 30 percent) did not exhibit this initial improvement, showing a decrease of 13.81 and 22.82 percent, respectively. Subsequently, at 14 days, the samples with 5 and 30 percent additions experienced a 12.03 and 20.99 percent reduction in strength compared to the standard sample. In contrast, the specimens with a 15 percent inclusion did not show a significant decline, remaining within the target range for a 210 kilograms per square centimeter concrete. Finally, the compressive strength test applied at 28 days of age revealed that the specimens with a 15 percent replacement showed a notable increase of 13.96 percent in strength compared to the standard sample. In contrast, the specimens with a 5 percent replacement showed a strength that remained within the target range, indicating that this proportion does not negatively affect strength, although it does not generate a significant increase either. However, the 30 percent replacement was counterproductive, showing a 24.58 percent decrease in strength. These results demonstrate the potential of eggshell ash as a partial substitute to improve the properties of concrete and encourage continued research and promotion of eco-sustainable practices in the construction industry.
Diseño de la vía Atipillahuazo, desde la vía fundadores del cantón hasta la calle Bolívar y la intersección de la vía Atipillahuazo hasta la intersección de la vía Cochaló del cantón Píllaro en la provincia de Tungurahua, con la finalidad de mejorar la conectividad vial de los sectores mencionados
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-07) Toscano Avila, Jean Pool; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
Given that the road is in poor condition, this project is proposed trying to improve the quality of life of the inhabitants of the sectors, where the respective topographic survey was carried out with RTK equipment, the road traffic count, (TPDA), which was done for a week, from Monday to Sunday with an interval of 12 hours, where it was determined as a Type IV Road, a local road, as stipulated in the MTOP regulations. The respective soil study was also carried out, where pits were made every 500 m of the projected road, in order to carry out tests such as: Moisture Content, Granulometry, Atterberg, Proctor and CBR limits, of each one of them. they took 10 samples where the most critical value was taken for a detailed example, later the respective plans and referential budget were made. By having the design of the road, vehicular and pedestrian traffic will flow more quickly and safely, reflecting the benefit in the families of the sector, which will help in reducing the time for the displacement of the inhabitants, optimizing their social and economic condition. and progress will be achieved in the socioeconomic aspect of the sector, because the area is highly productive in milk and vegetables.
Diseño geométrico de carretera y de la estructura de pavimentos de 5.3 km de vía desde la comunidad Lushianta hasta Ardilla Urku de la parroquia San Pablo, cantón Archidona, provincia de Napo
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-09) Flores Ledesma, Cristopher Alexander; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
The road project connecting the communities of Lushianta with Ardilla Urku in the San Pablo Parroquia, Archidona Canton, is presented due to the identified need to improve the road's geometric design, thus enhancing the living conditions of the residents and reducing product transportation time while promoting social and economic development in the area. During the process, a comprehensive topographic survey of the road was carried out, and soil studies were conducted, determining that the predominant soil type is high plasticity clay (CH), following SUCS and AASHTO standards. Likewise, a traffic study was conducted to identify the road type, resulting in an Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) of 86 vehicles/day in both directions, considering a design period of 25 years. This classified the road as a Class V Local Road with a total length of 5.30 km. Based on the gathered information about the soil and traffic, the pavement structure was determined, which will consist of effective thicknesses to ensure the functionality and safety of the road. To conclude the process, a unit price analysis was carried out to obtain a referential budget for the technical project. This analysis is essential to have a clear idea of the necessary resources and to adequately plan the execution of the proposal.