Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología
Permanent URI for this communityhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/412
Browse
25 results
Search Results
Item Obtención de extractos a partir de harina de chonta (Bactris gasipaes) mediante propano-butano subcrítico y soxhlet. Articulado al Proyecto de Investigación aprobado mediante la resolución N° UTA-CONIN-2025-0146-R(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2026-07) Mena Guzmán, Francisco Javier; Galarza Galarza, Cristian FernandoPeach palm (Bactris gasipaes) is a fruit of great nutritional importance due to its content of bioactive compounds, including carotenoids, fatty acids, and phenolic compounds, which are associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Currently, there is growing interest in the search for natural sources of functional compounds and in the development of sustainable extraction technologies that enable the utilization of plant resources with potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this study was to obtain extracts derived from peach palm flour using Soxhlet and subcritical propane–butane extraction methods, compare their chemical profiles, and evaluate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities. Extraction yield was determined gravimetrically, the extracts were characterized by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH assay, and anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated through the inhibition of albumin denaturation. The results showed that the Soxhlet method achieved a higher extraction yield than the subcritical propane–butane method, as well as differences in the chemical profiles of the extracts obtained. On the other hand, subcritical propane–butane extraction exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity, reaching DPPH radical inhibition values of up to 77.20%, whereas extracts obtained by Soxhlet extraction showed the greatest anti-inflammatory activity, with protein denaturation inhibition values of up to 96.00%. It was concluded that peach palm flour represents a promising source of bioactive compounds and that both extraction methods constitute viable alternatives for obtaining value-added functional ingredients.Item Formulación de un gel tópico con extracto de flavonoides obtenidos de Artocarpus heterophyllus(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2026-01) Silva Espinosa, Andrés David; Fernández, Rivero DanaeThe lack of effective cosmetic products to eliminate free radicals generated by environmental pollutants, temperature changes, and ultraviolet radiation exposure presents an opportunity to utilize waste from plant species, such as Artocarpus heterophyllus, in the development of a topical gel based on flavonoid extracts. In this project, the extraction of the extract was optimized using a two-square factorial design with ultrasound, varying the sonication time and ethanol concentration. Under conditions of 70 percent ethanol for 30 minutes, a higher concentration of flavonoids was achieved, with a value of 1,178 milligrams of quercetin per gram of sample, resulting in an antioxidant activity of 39.62 percent in the DPPH assay, sufficient to consider this extract as a functional ingredient. From this extract, gels were formulated with concentrations of 0.3; 0.6 and 0.9 percent extract were used, and physicochemical tests were performed to evaluate viscosity, pH, and spreadability, to meet USP standards. The resulting gel showed a viscosity of 23,550 cP, a pH of 5.31, and a spreadability of 5.9 cm, values that are within the acceptable range for topical applications. The formulation with 0.9 percent extract was the only one capable of exhibiting antioxidant activity of 19.37 percent, while the lower concentrations showed no significant changes, indicating that an adequate amount of extract is necessary to obtain an appreciable antioxidant effect.Item Formulación de un champú a partir de los compuestos bioactivos obtenidos del extracto de Cabuya (Agave americana)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2026-01) Molina Taipicaña, Andy Ismael; Fernández Rivero, DanaeThe present research was carried out with the purpose of harnessing the biotechnological potential of Agave americana as a source of bioactive compounds applicable in the cosmetic industry, specifically in the formulation of shampoo. The importance of this study lies in the growing demand for natural and functional products that can replace synthetic ingredients, as well as the need to explore local plant resources capable of providing antioxidant properties for hair care. To obtain the bioactive extract, solid–liquid ultrasonic extraction was used, with 70 percent ethanol and methanol as solvents. An experimental design was applied to optimize the extraction conditions and maximize the polyphenol content. It was found that using 70 percent ethanol and a 60-minute extraction time yielded an extract with a higher content of polyphenolic compounds (1.08 percent) and antioxidant capacity determined by the DPPH method. The plant extract was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, identifying signals associated with polyphenols, flavonoids, and saponins. Subsequently, three shampoo formulations were prepared using the concentrated plant extract, and their physicochemical properties were evaluated, all of which met the acceptance criteria. The developed formulations showed antioxidant activity, with values ranging from 64 to 77 micromoles per liter of Trolox equivalents. The findings demonstrate that A. americana extract possesses significant potential as a protective agent against oxidative damage, establishing it as a viable natural alternative for cosmetic applications.Item Evaluación de la actividad biológica de los compuestos bioactivos fenólicos del extracto etanólico de Anís (Pimpinella anisum)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02) Urbina Monroy, Diana Carolina; Pérez Aldás, Lander VinicioThis study evaluated the biological activity of phenolic compounds present in the ethanolic extract of Pimpinella anisum (green anise). The Soxhlet extraction method was used using 96 percent ethanol, obtaining a yield of 8 percent. The results revealed a total phenol concentration of 76.2 mg GAE per ml. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by the DPPH and ABTS methods, showing a maximum inhibition of 66.47 percent and 76.32 percent, respectively, indicating that the extracts have the potential to neutralize free radicals. In addition, the anti-inflammatory capacity was determined by denaturation of egg albumin and bovine albumin, reaching maximum inhibitions of 68 percent and 78.48 percent respectively. These results suggest that the phenolic compounds of P. anisum possess significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, comparable with other plant extracts. Statistical analysis using ANOVA and Tukey's test confirmed significant differences between the tested concentrations. The findings highlight the potential of P. anisum as a natural source of bioactive compounds with applications in various industries. Further detailed analysis is recommended to identify the specific compounds responsible for these biological activities and validate these results in vivo. The importance of implementing sustainable practices in the cultivation and harvesting of the plant to preserve its quality is also highlighted.Item Evaluación de la actividad antioxidante y el tiempo de vida útil de un extracto obtenido a partir de la mora (Rubus glaucus)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02) Culqui Arcos, Evelyn Johanna; Fernández Rivero, DanaeIn recent years, interest innatural products has increased considerably, thanks to their therapeutic properties, especially their antioxidant activity. Among these products are extracts, which can be obtained from red fruits. However, to ensure their quality, it is crucial to determine their shelf life. An outstanding example of red fruits rich innatural antioxidants with phenolic compounds is the blackberry (Rubus glaucus). In this study, blackberry extracts were obtained using a two-factor experimental design, in which ethanol concentration and extraction time were evaluated. The phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, where the results identified as the best treatment the one that presented the highest phenolic content, reaching 62.594 milligram equivalents of gallic acid per gram of dry weight, under an ethanol concentration of 50 percent and an extraction time of 20 minutes. In addition, its antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH method, obtaining an inhibition percentage of 90.544 percent. Similarly, a value of 161.003 equivalent micromoles of Trolox per gram of dry weight was recorded. Finally, the stability of the extract was analyzed for 30 days and a shelf life of 33.6540 days when stored in amber glass bottles was established using the Minitab statistical tool with a confidence level of 95 percent. Its behavior followed a first-order kinetic model, with a rate constant of 0.0031 days.Item Análisis de la actividad antiinflamatoria y agregación plaquetaria compuestos bioactivos del extracto etanólico de Cedrón (Aloysia citrodora paláu)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Valencia Armas, Joselin Gabriela; Pérez Aldás, Lander VinicioCurrently, access to large medical treatments is a global challenge, which drives a renewed interest in traditional medicine and medicinal plants, however, the lack of scientific studies limits their acceptance in public health. This research analyzes the bioactive compounds of the ethanolic extract of cedron (Aloysia citrodora Paláu) for its anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet aggregation activity. The cedron plant, also known as verbena, confers a range of therapeutic uses including the reduction of inflammation and protection against oxidative stress. Wherein, gallic acid reduces inflammation, while quercetin exhibits anticoagulant properties. The extraction yield was 17.01 percent, and the content of total phenols and flavonoids was found to decrease as the extract was diluted, with maximum values of 163.45 milligram (mg) over gram (g) and 99.12 mg over g, respectively, at the highest concentration. In terms of anti-inflammatory activity, the cedron extract showed an inhibition of albumin denaturation of 61.85 percent, lower than diclofenac (95.1 percent), but comparable as it is diluted. In addition, the extract inhibited platelet aggregation similarly to the control drug at all concentrations tested. The flavonoids and phenols present in the ethanolic extract of cedron exhibit significant anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet aggregation activity, standing out as a natural alternative. These findings contribute to the development of new organic products and to the growth of the Flor Andina company.Item Evaluación de la capacidad antioxidante y antiinflamatoria de un extracto obtenido a partir de la seda de maíz (Zea mays)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Ulpo Galarza, Nayeli Narcisa; Fernández Rivero, DanaeThe lack of knowledge of the bioactive properties of agroindustrial residues represents a potential waste of valuable natural resources. In Ecuador, around 1.38 million tons of corn are produced annually, equivalent to millions of kilograms of silk, a by-product discarded during corn harvesting. Faced with this challenge, new alternatives have been explored for using corn silk native to the Sierra region as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. In this study, silk extracts were obtained from a three-factor experimental design, where ethanol concentration, extraction time, and solvent mass to volume ratio were evaluated. The phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the treatment with 70 percent ethanol for 30 minutes and a mass and solvent volume ratio of 1 in 30 was established as the extract with the highest phenolic content of 69,903 milligram gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry weight. The antioxidant capacity of the best extract was evaluated by DPPH assay, where 71.185 percent inhibition was obtained. The anti-inflammatory activity was performed using the albumin denaturation assay, where the inhibition showed percentages from 14.988 to 54.787. The analyses carried out revealed that corn silk contains a significant amount of phenolic compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting that this agro-industrial waste could be valorized in the pharmaceutical and cosmetological industry, in order to promote the use of natural resources.Item Efecto de la adición de ácido ferúlico microencapsulado en la formación de una bebida instantánea(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Alimentos, 2024-08) Suquilanda Lizano, Mishel Alcivar; López Hernández, Orestes DaríoThe present research focuses on the addition of microencapsulated ferulic acid (FA) in the formulation of an instant powder drink. Ferulic acid is a phenolic compound with antioxidant properties that, when microencapsulated, improves its stability and bioavailability. Microencapsulation protects AF from environmental factors such as light and oxygen, increasing its effectiveness and allowing its application in the food industry. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to characterize the effect of the addition of microencapsulated ferulic acid in the formulation of an instant powder drink. Using a methodology focused on said characterization, the antioxidant capacity of the microencapsulated FA was evaluated using the DPPH method, which was responsible for measuring the free radical capture capacity of the microencapsulated product. In addition, several formulations were designed for the instant powder drink with the addition of microencapsulated AF from an AxB experimental design, obtaining a1b2 as the best treatment (Ratio 1:10/10 mg AF) and the safety of the product was confirmed, showing a high acceptability among consumers It was shown that the addition of microencapsulated FA in the powdered drink improved the stability and antioxidant capacity, without negatively affecting its sensory properties. In conclusion, the addition of microencapsulated ferulic acid in the formulation of instant drinks. powder is a strategy of great industrial interest that serves to improve the antioxidant stability and nutritional quality of a food product, without compromising its flavor and acceptability.Item Anotación genómica de genes expresados en la biosíntesis de compuestos fenólicos en pitahaya (Hylocereus spp.) expuesta a condiciones de estrés(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Molina Valencia, Erick Santiago; Galarza Galarza, Cristian FernandoThe lack of complete genetic information on the pitaya (Hylocereus spp.) genome and the absence of annotations in biological databases hinder the precise identification of genes expressed under stress conditions. To address this challenge, this study focused on annotating genes involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds in pitaya under biotic (pathogen infection) and abiotic (flowering induction with supplementary light) stress conditions. Using various bioinformatic techniques, transcriptomic data were analyzed to assemble de novo sequences from raw reads for each stress condition. The quality of these assemblies was rigorously evaluated, and a consensus sequence was generated to analyze its homology with related species. Structural and functional annotation of the assemblies was conducted using ab initio and de novo prediction tools, resulting in annotations in GFF3 format that detail both the structure and biological functions of the predicted genes. Subsequently, a differential expression analysis (DEG) was performed to identify genes expressed in the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds under different stress conditions. The results revealed nine key enzymes involved in the metabolic pathways of phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and anthocyanins. Additionally, a MYB transcription factor that regulates gene expression in these pathways was identified. This research underscores the complexity of pitaya's adaptive mechanisms in response to stress, highlighting its activation of specific biosynthetic processes that enhance antioxidant capacity and adaptive ability under adverse conditions.Item Evaluación de la vida útil de un extracto con propiedades antioxidantes obtenido de hojas de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-08) Aguilar Sisalema, Jennifer Victoria; Fernández Rivero, DanaeInterest in the use of natural products has increased in recent years due to the therapeutics proprieties they can have on health, one of them being antioxidant activity. Among these products are extracts that can be made from plant waste; however, to ensure their quality, it is necessary to determine their shelf life. One of waste with antioxidants of natural origin, specifically phenolic compounds, are blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) leaves. Ultrasound-assisted extraction was used to obtain the extract, where the use of a 70 percent ethanol concentration, a ratio of 1 gram of plant matter to 10 milliliters of solvent and a temperature of 50 degrees Celsius made it possible to obtain a higher concentration of phenolic compounds with a value of 136,85 milligrams of gallic acid per gram of dry weight. Subsequently, its antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH method, where an inhibition of 80,78 percent was recorded, while in Trolox equivalents it was 476,93 micromoles per gram of dry weight, which is considered as a high antioxidant activity of this plant species. Finally, the shelf life on the extract when stored in amber glass jars at a refrigeration temperature ranging from 2 to 8 degrees Celsius was found to be 2,02 weeks, following first order kinetic modelling with a rate constant of 0,0413 per week.
- «
- 1 (current)
- 2
- 3
- »