Unidad Posgrado Facultad Ingeniería Agronómica

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Comparación de tres protocolos anestésicos para orquiectomía y ovariohisterectomía en gatos con temperamento agresivo
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato Maestría En Medicina Veterinaria, 2026-07) Guerrero Apo, Walter Rolando; Almeida Secaira, Roberto Ismael
Surgical sterilization through orchiectomy and ovariohysterectomy is one of the most commonly performed procedures in feline medicine. However, anesthetic management in aggressive cats remains challenging due to stress, difficulties associated with handling, and the risk of perioperative physiological disturbances. The present study was conducted to compare the efficacy of three anesthetic protocols in aggressive cats undergoing surgical sterilization. A total of 48 cats treated in the mobile urban animal control units of the Municipal Government of Ambato were included and assigned to three treatment groups: dexmedetomidine 5 µg/kg + ketamine 2 mg/kg + diazepam 0.4 mg/kg (T1); dexmedetomidine 5 µg/kg + tiletamine-zolazepam 4 mg/kg (T2); and xylazine 2 mg/kg + ketamine 2 mg/kg + midazolam 0.2 mg/kg (T3). Physiological parameters, anesthetic quality, and postoperative analgesic effects were assessed using the Feline Grimace Scale. The results emonstrated that all three protocols allowed the surgical procedures to be performed safely while maintaining acceptable physiological stability. Nevertheless, the protocols containing dexmedetomidine exhibited superior anesthetic induction and recovery characteristics, as well as lower facial expressions associated with postoperative pain. In contrast, the xylazine-based protocol showed greater variability during recovery and lower analgesic efficacy during the late postoperative period. It is concluded that dexmedetomidine-based protocols constitute effective and safe alternatives for the anesthetic management of aggressive cats, promoting smoother recovery and improved animal welfare.
Factores de riesgo asociados a enfermedades causadas por nematodos y cestodos endoparásitos en cerdos en el Centro de Faenamiento Pelileo
(2024-10) Lascano Gualpa, Rosa Obdulia; Almeida Secaira, Roberto Ismael
Incidence of internal parasites affects pig production, which not only causes significant economic losses in livestock production worldwide, but also implies a risk to the health of people involved in this type of industry and consumers of meat. of pork. Thus, the present study was carried out in order to analyze the risk factors associated with diseases caused by endoparasite nematodes and cestodes in pigs at the Pelileo Slaughter Center during the period 2023-2024. Diagnosis of parasite species was carried out following the procedures established by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Agriculture and Fisheries with its attached entity AGROCALIDAD (Agency for Phyto and Zoosanitary Regulation and Control). The species were found: Ascaris sp. and Hyostrongylus sp. (Nematoda) and larval phase of Cisticercus tenuicollis and the hydatidic cyst (Cestoda) mainly associated with the liver of pigs. The highest prevalence was observed for Ascaris sp. infections (21.07%) followed by larvae of Echinococcus granulosus (19.73%) and Hyostrongylus sp. (5.87%), while double Ascaris-Hyostrongylus infections were relatively low (1.33%) as well as infections by hydatidic cysts (1.07%). Regarding risk factors, it was found that age was associated with the prevalence of parasites, being higher in pigs less than 1 year old. Regarding the location within the host, parasites were mainly found in organs that make up part of its biological cycle. On the other hand, no association was found with the sex of the host. According to the results, the prevalence of Ascaris and metacestods of Echinococcus seems to be related to herd management factors, however, this aspect requires investigation.
Prevalencia de Otodectes cynotis en Canis lupus familiaris por medio de hisopados óticos en la parroquia Veloz del cantón Riobamba.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato Maestría En Medicina Veterinaria, 2026-03) Panchi Esparza, Bryan Alexander; Almeida Secaira, Roberto Ismael
It is widely documented that Otodectes cynotis is the main causative agent of otitis in canines, the severity of which depends on the time elapsed until diagnosis and the number of mites present. This parasite is found worldwide, which is attributed to its anatomical structure. It is worth noting that its pedicels allow it to adhere to the pinna, where it lays its eggs. Although it is not a burrowing mite, it causes intense itching that induces the animal to scratch constantly. This behavior generates further lesions and imbalances within the ear, worsening the clinical picture. This mite has zoonotic importance; therefore, the present study aimed to establish the prevalence of Otodectes cynotis in Canis lupus familiaris through ear swabs in the Veloz parish of the Riobamba canton. A total of 192 canines were evaluated, divided into three groups according to age. The data was obtained from patients treated at the EXOVETHealth veterinary clinic and the CRIAR comprehensive rescue center in Riobamba. The prevalence of ear mites and its relationship with variables such as sex, coat type and color, lifestyle, origin, contact with other animals, bathing frequency, and ear size were analyzed. Samples were obtained by ear swabbing and examined using a Better Scientific Q200A microscope. The results showed statistically significant, variable prevalences among the three study groups, indicating notable differences. Regarding origin, the first group showed a prevalence of 73.31% in dogs from urban areas; the second group showed a value of 11.76%, while the third group registered a prevalence of 37.5%. These results indicate a higher prevalence of ear mites in dogs under one year of age. Furthermore, the p-value of less than 0.05 indicated a significant relationship between the presence of the mite and the dog's origin. Therefore, it is concluded that otocariasis is not being diagnosed promptly and is more frequent in patients under one year of age and over seven years of age, highlighting the need to implement appropriate preventive measures.