Ciencias Agropecuarias

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/870

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Evaluación de fertilizantes foliares orgánicos en el cultivo de Brassica oleracea L. var. Avenger en la Granja Experimental Querochaca
(2026-01)
Vivanco Jacome, Mayra Elizabeth
;
Velastegui Espín, Giovanny Patricio
The objective of this research was to evaluate the agronomic performance of the Brassica oleracea L. var. Avenger crop after the application of three organic foliar fertilizers at different frequencies to establish their efficiency and the optimal frequency for the best crop growth and yield. To this end, an experiment was conducted under field conditions at the Querochaca Experimental Farm, using a completely randomized block design with a 3x3+1 factorial arrangement, consisting of 10 treatments and three replications. The number of leaves at five time points, plant height, days to head formation, head diameter, head weight, and total yield were evaluated and subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey's test at the 5% significance level. The results showed that treatment P3F3 (MAX FOLIAR applied once at 45 days) yielded the highest values for variables such as final plant height, head diameter, head weight, and total yield, reaching 19.233 kg, significantly higher than the control, which only yielded 8.073 kg. The discussion suggests that the greater effectiveness of this treatment could be related to improved nutrient assimilation during critical crop stages, hich favored more vigorous vegetative growth and greater biomass accumulation. Overall, the findings confirm that organic foliar application positively affects broccoli productivity, and that the extended 45-day application frequency constitutes an efficient and viable strategy for improving productivity under the soil and climate conditions of Querochaca
Evaluación del uso de feromonas para el manejo de Plutella xylostella en el cultivo de brócoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) en la hacienda de Huapante, Tungurahua
(2025-08)
Bonilla Zambrano, Juan Daniel
;
Santana Mayorga, Rita Cumandá
The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.) is a pest that attacks the brassica family, causing a reduction in seed head size and product quality. Its main characteristic is the generation of resistance to systemic insecticides. Therefore, the use of new alternatives for the control of this insect is essential. This research was conducted at Hacienda Huapante, in the Píllaro canton, Tungurahua province, on broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) Avenger variety crops. Two types of pheromones (Chemtica and Pherobank) were used in a combination with one sticky trap and two yellow sticky traps. The best results were obtained with pheromone 1 (Pherobank), especially with the combination of two sticky traps, since at the end of the trial, 669 male diamondback moth insects were collected. In contrast, pheromone 2 (Chemtica) in combination with two sticky traps managed to capture a maximum total of 285 male diamondback moths over a two-month period. These results are attributed to the concentration of the active ingredient in each pheromone, since, in the case of pheromone 1 (Pherobank), it has 2.9 g A.I./kg, compared to pheromone 2 (Chemtica), which only has 0,746 g A.I./kg
Evaluación de enmiendas biológicas y bioestimulantes en el cultivo de Brócoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica.)
(2025-08)
Aponte Ocaña, Jazmina Gissela
;
Zurita Vásquez, José Hernán
The present research was carried out in the village of San Rafael, belonging to the Patate canton, Tungurahua province. Its objective was to evaluate the best biological amendment and biostimulant at different dosages in the cultivation of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica). A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used, including a control, with three replications and four applications. Statistical analysis was performed using Tukey’s test at a 5% probability level. The treatments evaluated were SINETIQ at (0.5 – 1.5 – 2.5 ml/L), VUSTERQ at (0.5 – 1.5 – 2.5 ml/L), SINETIQ + BIODYNE 401 at (0.5 – 1.5 – 2.5 ml/L), and VUSTERQ + BIODYNE 401 at (0.5 – 1.5 – 2.5 ml/L). The variables were assessed at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after the first application, which included plant height (cm) and number of leaves. The results at 15 days were not very evident compared to those at 60 days after application, where treatment D2F2 (VUSTERQ 1.5 ml/L) showed the highest average plant height with 34.33 cm. Regarding the number of leaves, the same treatment D2F2 achieved greater foliar development with an average of 19.67 leaves. Treatment D4F2 (VUSTERQ + BIODYNE 401 at 1.5 ml/L) reached the highest weight (601.70 g), followed by D2F2 (559.46 g), while D1F1 and the control recorded the lowest values. For polar diameter, treatments D2F3 and D4F2 showed the best results; for equatorial diameter, D2F3 and D2F2 stood out. The control presented the lowest averages in both variables.
Determinación de los requerimientos hídricos del cultivo de brócoli (Brassica oleracea L. Var. Avenger) bajo condiciones edafoclimáticas del cantón Cevallos, Provincia de Tungurahua
(2025-02)
Lopez Moya Jennifer Estefania
;
Peña Murillo Robinson Fabricio
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) Var. Avenger is a vegetable of great importance in Ecuador, specifically in the provinces of Cotopaxi and Tungurahua. This research had as its central axis the determination of the crop's water requirement; soil water parameters; biometric parameters of the plant and its cultivation coefficient (Kc). The research was carried out at the Querochaca Experimental Farm, Technical University of Ambato; located in the canton of Cevallos, Province of Tungurahua. An area of 389 m2 was selected which was delimited for two treatments, each treatment had 3 experimental plots of 60 m2 with 10 sample plants. The results obtained were as follows: water requirement during the entire crop was 218 mm for Treatment 1 and 252.5 mm for Treatment 2. The soil water parameters yielded a field capacity (CC) of 15.1%, permanent wilt point (PMP) of 7.28% and bulk density (DA) of 1.55 g cm-3. The biometric parameters in Treatment 1 (Penman-Monteith method) obtained an average final height of 55.96 cm, with an average of 13 leaves, a yield of 11.48 t ha-1, a root volume of 58.66 cm3; for Treatment 2 (evaporimeter tank method) the final average height of 68 cm, with an average of 15 leaves, a yield of 24.75 t ha-1 and a root volume of 82 cm3. The culture coefficient (Kc) for Treatment 1 was 0.73 in the initial stage, 1.02 in the development stage, 0.43 in the intermediate stage and 0.11 in the final stage; for Treatment 2 it was 0.58 in the initial stage, 1.06 in the development stage, 0.56 in the intermediate stage and 0.32 in the final stage. Keywords: broccoli Var. Avenger, water requirement, biometric parameters, culture coefficient, evaporimeter tank, Penman-Monteith
Evaluación de productos a base de silicio en el comportamiento agronómico del cultivo de brócoli (Brassica oleracea Var. Avenger)
(2025-02)
Atencio Orbe Estuardo Efrain
;
Pérez Salinas Marco Oswaldo
This research was carried out at the María Victoria agricultural farm, in the province of Cotopaxi, in the Héroes del Cenepa sector. The impact of two silicon-based products on the agronomic performance of broccoli (Brassica oleracea Var. Avenger) was evaluated. The products used were (Produsil Gold with a concentration of 73.69%) and (Silikon with a concentration of 36%), applied by different methods (drench, foliar and drench + foliar) at a concentration of 2 g/L and 2 ml/L respectively. The main objective of the study was to determine the most suitable product and application method to improve crop quality and yield, especially in terms of compaction and weight of the pellets. The variables of height and chlorophyll content were evaluated every 30 days, while the variables of weight, grain uniformity, and calcium and silicon accumulation in the leaves were evaluated at the end of the crop cycle. The results showed that the application of silicon, particularly with the Silikon product via drench + foliar, significantly increased the height of the plants with an average height of 64.27 cm; it also increased the weight of the pellets, obtaining an average weight of 556.89 g. In addition, greater compaction of the pellets was observed in most of the results, which reduces post-harvest losses. Laboratory analyses confirmed a synergy between silicon and calcium, suggesting a positive effect on plant physiology. In conclusion, the results obtained support the hypothesis that silicon, applied appropriately, can significantly improve the quality and yield of broccoli crops, making it a promising tool to optimize production and reduce post-harvest losses.
Evaluación de fórmulas de sustratos alternativos en la germinación de semillas de brócoli (Brassica oleracea var.italica)
(2024-08)
Altamirano Núñez, Christian Rodrigo
;
Guerrero Cando, David Aníbal
Seed health is a vital factor for successful agricultural production to prevent the spread of different pathogens. Likewise, soil suppression is very important to help seed germination, and it is necessary to have a large number of beneficial microorganisms. Therefore, the use of a good substrate is one of the key points to ensure healthy and vigorous seedlings. In this sense, in the present research, different substrate formulas for broccoli seed germination were evaluated, where different percentages of Azolla enriched with zeolite and humic acids were evaluated on plant height, germination percentage, leaves per plant, root volume and percentage of useful plants. The following proportions were used: S1 (Azolla 70% + zeolite 30%), S2 (Azolla 69.5% + zeolite 29.5 % + humic acids 1.0%), S3 (Azolla 69% + zeolite 29 % + humic acids 2%), S4 (Azolla 68.5% + zeolite 28.5 % + humic acids 3.0%) and it was compared with a commercial substrate, S5 based on Sphagnum peat. The effect of the different substrates was observed where significant differences were observed between them. The greatest plant height was obtained with the substrate composed of 68.5% Azolla, 28.5% zeolite and 3.0% humic acids, with which the plants reached 2.52 cm and 3.2 cm at 15 and 30 days, respectively. Likewise, the number of leaves per plant (3.13 leaves), root volume (0.45 ml), germination percentage (95.70%) and useful plants (92.67%) were observed with the same substrate, whose values were significantly equal to those obtained with the commercial substrate. Although the costs for obtaining the different substrates did not show significant differences, the use of substrates based on Azolla enriched with zeolite and humic acids is suggested, since these are products that are easily available in the area.
Efectos de la harina de hojas de brócoli (Brassica oleracea) en los índices productivos y niveles de inmunología A sérica de terneros lactantes
(2024-08)
Claudio Terán, Katy Anabel
;
Burgos Mayorga, Ana Rafaela
The aim of this research was to evaluate the addition of B. oleracea in the diet of lactating calves. Three treatments were applied: control with 0 g (no addition), treatment 1 with 10g, and treatment 2 with 20g. Live weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency index, immunoglobulin A in serum, and feces consistency were evaluated to find the treatment with the best performance. Twelve calves were allocated in one of the three treatments, each one ended up with four animals. The research was carried out for six weeks, data was collected once daily for feeding consumption and feces, once per week for weight parameters, and two blood samples for serum IgA (the first and the last day of the experiment). Best results were observed with treatment 2 (addition of 20g of B. oleracea) with live weight at week 7 of 69.38kg (p=0.02), weight gain of 33kg (p=0.04), and feed efficiency index of 5.65 (p=0.05). Besides, serum immunoglobulin A at week 7 was greater than other treatments with a mean value of 95.43mg/dL (p=0.0002), and feces consistency was into category 4 which is the ideal for these animals. In conclusion, the addition of 20g of B. oleracea in the diet of suckling calves can increase serum IgA levels and improve productive parameters.
Evaluación de microorganismos para el control de hernia de las crucíferas (Plasmodiophora brassicae) en el cultivo de brócoli Brassica olerácea Var. Avenger).
(2024-02)
Lascano Zabala, Yesenia Nicole
;
Curay Quispe, Segundo Euclides
In this study, the effectiveness of the application of microorganisms was evaluated using the Sauber product for the control of cruciferous hernia in broccoli cultivation (Brassica oleracea Var. Avenger), the study factors were dose and frequency of application. The experimental design used was the completely randomized block design (DBCA), with three treatments for three repetitions plus a control. The variables evaluated were plant height, seed weight, root volume, yield, and incidence. Analysis of variance (ADEVA) and Tukey's significance test at 5% were performed for each variable. The treatments were DI1F1, DI1F2, D1F3, D2F1, D2F2, D2F3, D3F1, D3F2, D3F3 and Control, D1, D2 and D3, doses of 2.5, 5 and 7.5 cc respectively and F1, F2 and F3, frequencies of eight, fifteen, and thirty days respectively. At the end of the analysis, 1t was determined that the best dose and frequency of application is the D3F] treatment, in which the dose of 7.5 cc/L was applied in drench with a frequency of every eight days, 1t 1s the best treatment due to Because in all the variables evaluated 1t presented better results compared to the other treatments in the study, this 1s because the greater the amount of microorganism, the better the control and having a good amount of organic matter in the soil helps the action of these microorganism 1s effective. Keywords: Broccoli, drench, Plasmodiophora brassicae, Sauber, microorganisms, applications
Evaluación de microorganismos para el control de hernia de las crucíferas (Plasmodiophora brassicae) en el cultivo de brócoli (Brassica olerácea Var. Avenger).
(2024-02)
Lascano Zabala, Yesenia Nicole
;
Curay Quispe, Segundo Euclides
In this study, the effectiveness of the application of microorganisms was evaluated using the Sauber product for the control of cruciferous hernia in broccoli cultivation (Brassica oleracea Var. Avenger), the study factors were dose and frequency of application. The experimental design used was the completely randomized block design (DBCA), with three treatments for three repetitions plus a control. The variables evaluated were plant height, seed weight, root volume, yield, and incidence. Analysis of variance (ADEVA) and Tukey's significance test at 5% were performed for each variable. The treatments were DI1F1, DI1F2, D1F3, D2F1, D2F2, D2F3, D3F1, D3F2, D3F3 and Control, D1, D2 and D3, doses of 2.5, 5 and 7.5 cc respectively and F1, F2 and F3, frequencies of eight, fifteen, and thirty days respectively. At the end of the analysis, 1t was determined that the best dose and frequency of application is the D3F] treatment, in which the dose of 7.5 cc/L was applied in drench with a frequency of every eight days, 1t 1s the best treatment due to Because in all the variables evaluated 1t presented better results compared to the other treatments in the study, this 1s because the greater the amount of microorganism, the better the control and having a good amount of organic matter in the soil helps the action of these microorganism 1s effective. Keywords: Broccoli, drench, Plasmodiophora brassicae, Sauber, microorganisms, applications
Evaluación de productos para el manejo de Alternaria spp. en el cultivo de brócoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)
(2024-02)
Moreta Manobanda, Luis Miguel
;
Valle Velastegui, Edgar Luciano
In this study, products were evaluated for the management of (Alternaria spp.) in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica). For this purpose, the effect of two doses of Ozbrand (2 and 4 cm3/l), an ozonated oil with fungicidal properties, was tested and compared with a chemical fungicide (Acord at doses of 0.5 and 1 cm3/l). The variables evaluated were percentage of incidence and severity of the disease, weight and diameter of the head, and crop yield. The incidence in plants treated with ozonated oil (Ozbrand) varied between 23.4 and 26.0%, which meant a reduction of 36.3 and 42.6%, compared to the control treatment, while, in severity, when it was used at the highest dose (4 cm3/l), this product showed results comparable to those obtained with the use of the chemical fungicide. Furthermore, it was observed that the use of Ozbrand at the highest dose (4 cm3/l) allowed obtaining the maximum value of pellet diameter, with values of 20.5 cm, followed by the same product applied at the lowest dose (2 cm3/l), which produced similar results to when the chemical fungicide (Acord) was used at the highest dose (1.0 cm3/l), with which 18.8 and 17.8 cm were obtained, respectively. A similar trend was observed in relation to pellet weight, which was evidenced in the highest yield in plants treated with Ozbrand at a dose of 4 cm3/l (5.3 tn/ha), followed by plants treated with the same product at the lowest dose (4.3 tn/ha). Based on the results, the use of ozonated oil is recommended to control Alternaria leaf spot. Keywords: ozonated oil, broccoli, leaf spot, sustainable management

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