Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Evaluación de la red vial en el área urbana de la parroquia Constantino Fernández de la Nueva Historia de Ambato, comprendida en la zona 12(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil., 2025-02) Caguana Lagua, Hugo Fernando; Cañizares Proaño, Byron GenaroThis project focuses on the evaluation of the current state of the roads in the urban area of the Constantino Fernández parish in the Ambato canton, included in zone 12, identifying the worn areas and responding to the problem of deterioration of the road infrastructure. Because over time the roads have been deteriorating and an adequate maintenance plan is not developed for the benefit of the community. In this project, a visual inspection of the roads belonging to the designated area was carried out, where it was determined what type of tread layer each of the roads has, collecting data through technical sheets and, continuing with the study, a georeferenced planimetric survey was carried out with the GNSS RTK HI-TARGET V200 equipment and with a DJJ MAVIC AIR 2S DRONE considering the extension of each of the roads under analysis. Based on the ASTM D6433-03 standard and with the PCI method, we identified the types of faults that the roads present, quantifying their severity and allowing us to establish whether the road requires maintenance or reconstruction; when considering a reconstruction, the TPDA was carried out, and soil samples were collected and the necessary tests were carried out in order to determine a new pavement design using the AASHTO 93 standard method. As a result, it was determined that adequate maintenance of the roads in zone 12 of the Constantino Fernández parish must be provided, and a reference budget was developed with items obtained for each type of fault found on the different roads, information that will be delivered to the GAD Municipality of Ambato so that it can make decisions about maintenance or reconstruction of the roads based on the information received, and that it will be a contribution for the benefit of the community in conjunction with the Technical University of Ambato.Item Análisis de las correlaciones entre el CBR, DCP, propiedades índice y mecánicas en suelos de las parroquias Guaytacama y Toacaso del cantón Latacunga, provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Paredes Ponluisa, Christel Sofia; López Arboleda, Alex GustavoThe purpose of this experimental research work is to analyze the types of soils existing in the Guaytacama and Toacaso parishes, starting from field and laboratory tests, up to the analysis of the results and the existing correlations between their different index and mechanical properties. , so that data such as the field CBR can be obtained, a parameter that is used for the preliminary design of pavements. This research work was carried out in a series of phases built by different processes, the first phase includes the collection and testing, where 12 samples were extracted in random places of collecting roads, to obtain these samples the PCA technique was used, followed by study and analysis both in the field and in the laboratory. Later in the second phase, the different correlations were elaborated, providing determination coefficients between 50 and 96 percent, the best equation was chosen based on the highest determination coefficient. The results obtained through the correlations serve to carry out preliminary pavement designs, this drives phase three of this work, which was the design of a flexible pavement of a road chosen based on the greatest need of the inhabitants, using one of the correlations made, finally there is phase four where the classification of the soils of the study parishes was carried out based on the AASHTO and SUCS standards, this classification was captured on a map with the help of the ArcGIS software..Item Ampliación de la vía El Limón – El Deseo 4+000 a 8+000 perteneciente al cantón Pangua de la provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-02) Aillón Maroto, Brando Ariel; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam MarisolThe need for this technical project lies in meeting the requirements of the residents regarding the problem of vehicular traffic in the El Limón-El Deseo sector, which generated a conflict in terms of economic issues regarding the sustainability of the sector, agriculture and livestock. Therefore, we proceeded to provide a solution based on the regulations of the Ministry of Transportation and Public Works MTOP 2003, and AASHTO 93 regulations. The methodology of this technical project began with the topographic survey with precision equipment, in this case a total station, the survey contains the existing road, a strip of 50m per side and existing buildings that reach within this strip. Subsequently, a soil analysis was carried out, excavation pits were dug to obtain soil samples every 500m along the road section under study, with these samples laboratory tests were carried out to obtain the characteristics, physical and mechanical properties of the soil, information necessary for the subsequent design of pavements. For the road design, we began with a vehicle count for 7 days and 12 hours a day, from which we obtained the future TPDA, necessary to choose the type of road and its characteristics according to the aforementioned regulations. Finally, a referential budget was elaborated with the current unit prices, so that the responsible entity, in this case the GAD Municipal de Pangua, can make use of this technical project for the benefit of the community.Item Correlación entre el CBR y las propiedades índice y mecánicas en suelos granulares, de la parroquia Huambaló del cantón San Pedro de Pelileo, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-09) Guato Recalde, Joyce Rosangela; Pérez Maldonado, Ruth LorenaThe present experimental work focuses on the analysis of the soils of the Huambaló parish, through correlations of the California Bearing Ratio (CBR), Dynamic Cone Penetration (DCP), Modified Proctor, Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, Granulometry, Specific Gravity and Field Density tests, which allow defining the index and mechanical properties of the soil. Once the study area was covered, 12 sectors were established in which rectangular pits of 1.50 m x 1.50 m and 1.00 m deep were made, from which altered samples were extracted for subsequent analysis in the laboratory. Once the tests were completed, the results were tabulated and interpreted, achieving relevant correlations between the index and the mechanical properties of the soils under study, with acceptable R2 squared coefficients of determination and a good degree of reliability. Finally, the flexible pavement was designed, using the CBR determined in the laboratory, and also the CBR calculated by correlations, obtaining the same thicknesses in both cases, confirming the reliability of the correlations performed, with results that are intended to help reduce costs and speed up work times on site.Item Mejoramiento del diseño geométrico de la vía que une la comunidad de Ambatillo Alto con el cerro Pilishurco, con la finalidad de mejorar la vialidad en la parroquia Ambatillo, cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-09) Orozco Analuiza, Luis Javier; Portilla Yandún, Favio PaúlThe objective of this project is to improve the road that connects the community of Ambatillo Alto with Cerro Pilishurco in order to provide better roads for tourists and the local population that visit the natural viewpoint of the canton of Ambato; through the application of the MTOP - 2003 regulations, the horizontal, vertical and transversal geometric design of the road was carried out, including soil studies, topographic surveys, traffic studies, pavement design, and the preparation of a reference budget for the execution of this project. The traffic study was carried out in the field by means of manual counts and a TPDA of 243 vehicles/day was determined for a design period of 20 years, classifying the road as a type IV country road. With the data obtained in the soil studies, a flexible pavement structure composed of sub-base, base and asphalt layers is proposed under the application of the AASHTO- 93 methodology; hydraulic designs of ditches and culverts are presented, as well as a traffic study where the correct location of both vertical and horizontal signage is shown. Finally, a referential budget is calculated with its technical specifications and volumes of work according to the activities to be executed in the construction process of this project.Item Diseño de adoquines con mezcla asfáltica en frío utilizando agregados reciclados y no reciclados(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2020) Ushiña Toapanta, Jessica Magaly; Portilla Yandún, Favio PaúlIn this study about cold asphalt mixtures we determined the optimal percentage of asphalt emulsion analyzing the by Marshall stability test, also the performance to the compressive strength and finally to determinate the costs of manufacture of cobblestones with recycled and unrecycled aggregates for light and low traffic applications. In order to determine the parameters mentioned in the previous paragraph, it was necessary to test several test tube finding an optimal percentage of 10.5 percent for mixtures with recycled materials and 10.3 percent for non-recycled materials and stability of 5250 pounds - 4984 pounds respectively, for the test, 30 cobblestones were made as experiments, corresponding to two types of mixtures with three thicknesses of 6 cm, 7 cm and 8 cm, in order to choose the thickness that the best resistance has for both recycled and unrecycled materials. The maximum strengths obtained in the experiments were 38.84 Kg / cm2 for recycled materials and 37.66 Kg / cm2 for non-recycled ones. Due to the result of the strengths, the decision was taken to work with the experiment made with recycled materials of 6cm thick. In addition, an analysis of the final cost of the product was analyzed, giving as a result in a cost of USD 0.24 for cobblestones with recycled materials and USD0.39 for nonrecycled ones, which means that, the selected cobblestone is economically much lower than a traditional cobblestone which costs USD 0.35.Item Implementación del proceso de conservación de la estructura de la capa de rodadura de la vía: Cevallos-Quero en el tramo km 5+800 al km 9+100 de la provincia de Tungurahua.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2019) Paredes Toinga, Jinson Javier; Moreira Cedeño, Fricson LutgardoThe main objective of this experimental work is to propose a road conservation management system based on the physical characteristics of the road: Cevallos-Quero on the stretch from the abscissa K5 + 800 to the abscissa K9 + 100 of the province of Tungurahua. Mechanical equipment was used in materials testing and soil mechanics laboratories to determine the deflection of the pavement in specific areas of the Cevallos-Quero road, as well as open pit exploration (PCA) to obtain samples for Laboratory analysis: Granulometry, Consistency Limits, Density (Proctor), Abrasion and California Support Value (CBR) applying the standards: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), The Ecuadorian Standards Institute (INEN) ) and the American Materials Testing Association (ASTM). Directly on the road grade, the surface and structural evaluation of the pavement was carried out applying the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) and Benkelman Beam Analysis method to determine the condition index of the pavement, Deflection and radius of curvature of the pavement structure. properties with which the current situation of the tread layer on the track and behavior of the pavement structure was assessed. The reason for the premature deterioration of the road surface is due to the fact that the thickness of the layers of the pavement structure is insufficient, which no longer meets the required quality standards. Therefore, it was determined that it is not feasible to perform a road conservation plan to rehabilitate the structure of the road surface and considering the current state of the road, it is necessary to reinforce the pavement structure on the road: Cevallos-Quero on the section from the abscissa K5 + 800 to the abscissa K9 + 100 of the province of Tungurahua. This reinforcement has a referential budget of $ 650,014.21 without including the value of IVA.Item El diseño de pavimentos flexibles, su comportamiento estructural, e incidencia en el deterioro temprano de la red vial en la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Vías Terrestres, 2016) López Valencia, Juan SantiagoItem El diseño de pavimentos y el comportamiento estructural para caminos con bajo volúmen de tránsito en la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Vías Terrestres, 2011) Galarza Velástegui, Juan Patricio; Mariño Rodríguez, Ibán HerbertoEl modelo determina los “parámetros de diseño” y presenta un catálogo de diseño de pavimentos flexibles para caminos con bajo volumen de tránsito, para la Provincia de Tungurahua. Utiliza como base el Método ASSHTO ´93 y los parámetros obtenidos del análisis de normas internacionales de Colombia, Perú, Chile y propias de la región, tomando en cuenta las condiciones específicas de la provincia. Como investigación de campo se ha realizado un inventario vial donde se recopila información respecto a: características físicas: longitud, ancho, y estructura del pavimento, volúmenes de tránsito y estado de las vías, esta información permitió establecer que las condiciones de funcionamiento y operatividad imperantes respecto a comodidad y seguridad que presentan las vías no es el óptimo. La investigación concluye y recomienda la utilización de los parámetros de diseño exclusivos para bajo volumen de tránsito, esta acción permitirá optimizar los recursos que invierten las instituciones del sector público que se encuentran a cargo de la infraestructura vial.