Ciencias de la Salud
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Item PRÁCTICAS DE ENFERMERÍA EN LA APLICACIÓN DEL BIOLÓGICO CONTRA EL HERPES PAPILOVIRUS (HPV) EN LA POBLACIÓN MASCULINA(2026-02-11) Toaquiza Guanoluisa, Jairo Fabricio; Chasillacta Amores, Fabiola Beatriz; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a public health problem that affects both sexes, yet male vaccination coverage remains limited. Nurses play a key role in the safe administration and promotion of immunization. Objective: To analyze nursing practices and actions in the administration of the HPV vaccine in the male population. Methods: Systematic review based on the PRISMA guideline. Databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and SciELO were consulted, considering studies published between 2020 and 2025 in Spanish and English. Results: Fifteen studies were analyzed, predominantly systematic reviews and meta-analyses (67%). The findings showed that nursing actions focus on vaccine safety, compliance with protocols, health education, and post-vaccination follow-up, contributing to patient adherence and confidence. Conclusions: Nursing plays an essential role in male HPV vaccination, integrating technical, educational, and surveillance skills that strengthen the quality of the immunization process and promote equity in public health.Item INTERVENCIONES DE ENFERMERÍA EN LA PREVENCIÓN DE ULCERAS POR PRESIÓN(2026-02-11) Masaquiza Morales, Erika Mishelle; Velasco Acurio, Evelin Fernanda; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction/Objective: Pressure ulcers continue to be a persistent challenge in nursing care due to their clinical, ethical, and economic implications. Their occurrence is associated with prolonged immobility, inadequate skin care, and insufficient implementation of preventive measures. The objective of this study was to identify nursing interventions for the prevention of pressure ulcers. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted using the PICO (PatientsIntervention-Compare-Outcome-Study Design) strategy. A search and selection procedure was carried out following the phases recommended by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines in the following databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs, and ResearchGate, using specific health-related terms from the Baremé (DeCS) and the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) of the National Library of Medicine. Results: When performing the initial search for information, 1102 articles were found, which were discarded for duplicates, restricted access, being paid, place and year of publication, language, leaving a total of 65 publications for final review, of these 49 were discarded for not contributing to the research objective, in the end, 16 articles were worked with, which were aligned with the study objective and served as the basis for performing the meta-analysis. Conclusions: The prevention of pressure ulcers requires a comprehensive, interdisciplinary and evidence-based approach. The implementation of standardized care bundles, continuing professional education and patientcentered strategies are essential to reduce the incidence and improve the quality of hospital care.Item LIDERAZGO TRANSFORMACIONAL EN LA PROMOCIÓN DEL CUIDADO HUMANIZADO EN ENFERMERÍA(2026-02-11) Masabanda Punina, Jonatan Santiago; Velasco Acurio, Evelin Fernanda; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction/Objectives: Humanized care is a core value in contemporary nursing. However, technological progress and institutional pressures have led to a decline in empathy and ethical commitment. This study aimed to identify transformational leadership in promoting humanized care in nursing, considering its influence on staff motivation, professional commitment, and patient satisfaction. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines in databases such as PubMed, Scielo, Web of Science, Lilacs, and ResearchGate. The selection process included 832 records published between 2020 and 2025, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria. A critical appraisal was performed using the CASPe instrument, ensuring methodological rigor and relevance. Results: Transformational leadership improves motivation, teamwork, and ethical awareness among nurses, improving the quality and humanization of care. It fosters empathy, communication, and patient-centered practices, while reducing burnout and organizational conflicts. However, barriers such as workload, lack of institutional support, and insufficient leadership training were recurring limitations. Conclusions: Transformational leadership constitutes a comprehensive approach that harmonizes motivation, ethics, and technical excellence to strengthen humanized care. Maintaining its benefits requires educational programs, organizational support, and leadership development strategies that reinforce empathy, innovation, and dignity in nursing practice.Item PRACTICAS DE ENFERMERIA EN EL MANEJO DEL DOLOR AGUDO EN PACIENTES PEDIATRICOS HOSPITALIZDOS. REVISION SISTEMATICA(2026-02-11) Carrera Beltrán, Luis Miguel; Chipantiza Córdova, Tannia Elizabeth; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaBackground: Pediatric acute pain is a complex condition with biological, psychological, and ethical implications. Given their continuous bedside presence, nurses are pivotal to its assessment and control. Objective: To synthesize recent evidence (2020–2025) on nursing practices pharmacological and non-pharmacological for managing acute pain in hospitalized children and their impact on clinical outcomes. Methods: Systematic review conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020. Searches were performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase/Scopus, SciELO, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Inclusion criteria were hospitalized pediatric populations with acute pain, nurse-led interventions, and outcomes measured using validated scales (FLACC, Wong–Baker, VAS, NRS/VRS). Two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data. Results: Fifteen studies met the criteria: eleven randomized controlled trials, three observational/cohort studies, and one systematic review with metaanalysis. Nurse-driven pharmacological strategies protocolized analgesia, monitoring, and education reduced postoperative pain and improved caregiver satisfaction. Non- pharmacological interventions, including audiovisual distraction, guided relaxation, emotional support, and therapeutic play, decreased pain and anxiety and facilitated cooperation during procedures. Multimodal approaches anchored in systematic assessment and individualized adjustments enabled earlier pain detection, fewer severe episodes, and better adherence to validated scales. Conclusions: Nursing leadership, routine pain assessment, and implementation of multimodal protocols that integrate pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures are associated with superior clinical outcomes, enhanced patient safety, and more humanized pediatric care. Institutional adoption of standardized guidelines and sustained professional training are recommended, particularly in resource-constrained settings.Item Factores laborales y académicos asociados al síndrome de Burnout en posgradistas de Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria(2025-12-17) Ortiz Vega, Mariela Lizeth; Mayorga Ortiz, Diego Javier; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosBurnout syndrome represents a chronic stress response that affects the mental health and professional performance of nursing staff. This study aimed to analyze the workrelated and academic factors associated with burnout syndrome in graduate students of Family and Community Nursing. A quantitative, non-experimental, correlational approach was applied, with a cross-sectional field design. Data collection was conducted using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which assesses three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, employing descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to identify relationships between variables. The results showed that most participants had a medium level of burnout, characterized by emotional exhaustion and moderate depersonalization, along with high personal accomplishment, which acts as a protective factor. It was observed that a double workload and academic workload increases the risk of fatigue and frustration, especially in professionals with a greater number of responsibilities. Likewise, the significant relationship between frustration and fatigue reflects the influence of dissatisfaction and lack of recognition on psychological exhaustion. It is concluded that burnout in graduate students is a multifactorial phenomenon that requires institutional attention. The implementation of psychological support strategies, academic flexibility, and self-care promotion can contribute to reducing stress levels and improving the overall well-being of future community nursing specialists.Item INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL Y SU RELACIÓN CON EL RENDIMIENTO ACADÉMICO EN ESTUDIANTES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE AMBATO(2025-10-03) Chisag Punina, Franklin David; Sangacha Yugsi, Anderson Jose; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: Emotional intelligence involves the ability to recognize, understand, and manage one’s emotions and is linked to better academic outcomes and greater emotional well-being among students. Objective: To analyze the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic performance in university nursing students. Methodology: A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study focused on 68 seventh-semester students enrolled in the September 2024 - February 2025 academic cycle. The TMMS-24 Questionnaire (Emotional Metaknowledge) was applied, using Spearman's correlation to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic performance, based on Goleman's Theory of Emotional Competence. Results: A large percentage of students exhibited medium levels of emotional intelligence, followed by low levels, with only a minority achieving high levels. Regarding academic performance, most students showed good performance, with fewer cases of very good or average performance. When analyzing the relationship between the variables, Spearman's rating indicated no significant association between emotional intelligence and academic performance in this sample. Conclusion: While emotional competencies are important for the personal and professional development of nursing students, they do not demonstrate a direct impact on academic performance. This finding suggests that academic performance is influenced by additional factors such as learning strategies, institutional support, and socioeconomic conditions.Item EVALUACIÓN DEL DESEMPEÑO PROFESIONAL DE ENFERMERÍA EN DIABETES MELLITUS POR PARTE DE LOS ADULTOS MAYORES(2025-10-03) Quinatoa Casa, Blanca Maricela; López Pérez, Grace Pamela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease with high prevalence in older adults, affecting their quality of life and increasing the risk of complications. Nursing care plays a key role in the promotion of self -care and therapeutic adherence, however, deficiencies have been identified in the health education provided to this population Objective: To assess the professional nursing performance in diabetes mellitus by older adults. Methodolo gy: Quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional and descriptive approach. A validated structured questionnaire was used (Cronbach's α 0.97), applied to 31 older adults. Results: The promotional activities carried out by the nursing staff are occasional, and mainly focus on providing information according to 58% of the older adults. Prevention is carried out occasionally with activities such as explaining the process for taking blood sugar levels, according to 58.8% of the respondents. However, the opinion of 58.8% of the participants reflects that they have not received information about the side effects of medication. In terms of follow-up the least performed activities are home visits and communication via telephone. Conclusions: Older adults perceive inadequate performance of the nursing professional in the management of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, nursing strategies that reinforce health education, effective communication, promotion, prevention, follow-up and adherence to treatment are required.Item INSTRUMENTO PARA VALORAR LAS HABILIDADES BLANDAS EN SIMULACIÓN CLÍNICA EN ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA(2025-10-02) Tite Moreno, Evelyn Lizbeth; Mejías de Duarte, Marianela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: Clinical simulation is an innovative educational strategy for the training of nursing professionals, allowing students to acquire knowledge and skills in safe environments that replicate real-life clinical scenarios. However, there is a need to assess soft skills, such as communication, teamwork, and leadership, which are essential for professional performance. Objective: To develop an instrument to assess soft skills in clinical simulation in nursing students. Methodology: A mixed-method approach was used, based on a literature review, instrument construction, expert validation, pilot testing, and statistical analysis. The instrument was validated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and its reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha. Results: The final instrument consisted of 26 items distributed across five dimensions: effective communication, teamwork, decision-making, leadership, and problem-solving. The EFA confirmed the theoretical structure of the questionnaire, explaining 77.2% of the total variance. Reliability was high (Cronbach's alpha = 0.93), ensuring internal consistency. Conclusion: The design and validation of the instrument represent a significant advance for nursing education by providing a reliable tool for assessing soft skills. It allows for identifying areas for improvement in students, optimizing training, and contributing to the quality of patient care.Item LIDERAZG O DEL INTERNO ROTATIVO DE ENFERMERÍA EN LAS UNIDADES HOSPITALARIAS(2025-10-02) Tocte Hidalgo, Alex Joel; Lozada Lara, Lourdes Maricela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: The complexity of healthcare demands effective leadership within the healthcare team to ensure quality of care. Skills such as leadership require strengthening, which is why the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) propose strategies toimprove nursing competencies, considering them essential for team management, strategic decision-making in nursing, and the improvement of patient care. This study analyzes the leadership of Rotating Nursing Interns in Hospital Units. Methodology: A mixed-methods, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted at the Technical University of Ambato with interns from the May 2024-April 2025 cohort. In the quantitative phase, the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ-5X short form) was applied to 101 interns to identify leadership styles. In the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 8 intentionally selected interns to explore how leadership skills have been acquired. Data were analyzed with ATLAS.ti and descriptive statistical methods. Results: Transformational and transactional leadership styles predominated (80.2% each), followed by laissez-faire (62.4%). Perceptions were identified regarding the concept of leadership, opportunities, influences, challenges, and suggestions for improving this soft skill. Conclusions: Interns show favorable leadership styles for hospital environments, but it is recommended to strengthen them through academic strategies and hospital-based training to mitigate challenges such as lack of equityand support for leaders, thereby optimizing clinical safety and quality of care.Item PERCEPCIÓN DE ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA SOBRE LAS NECESIDADES ESPIRITUALES Y RELIGIOSAS EN PACIENTES ADULTOS HOSPITALIZADOS(2025-10-02) Quispe Ramírez, Lisbeth Karolina; Nuela Masaquiza, Catalina Fernanda; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: Spirituality is a key component of well-being, recognized by the WHO as part of comprehensive health care. However, its approach in the hospital setting remains limited. Objective: To analyze the perception of nursing students about the spiritual and religious needs of adult patients hospitalized at the Technical University of Ambato. Specific: To evaluate the level of empathy of nursing students. To analyze how nursing students address spiritual and religious needs. To explore students' attitudes regarding the integration of spiritual and religious care. Methodology: Qualitative-quantitative study carried out with 64 seventh semester students. The Jefferson Empathy Scale was applied to measure perception of spiritual care and a focus group to explore experiences and attitudes. Results: 48.4% of students had a medium level of empathy towards spiritual care, while 26.6% had low levels. Barriers such as lack of training, time and resources were identified. Most nurses believe that spiritual care strengthens the nurse-patient relationship, but they feel insecure about it due to the lack of practical training. Conclusion: Although students recognize the importance of spirituality in hospital care, their training in this area is insufficient. It is necessary to integrate practical content into the nursing curriculum to strengthen their ability to provide comprehensive and humanized care.