Ciencias de la Salud
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Item IMPACTO DE LA ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA EXCESIVA EN EL DESARROLLO DE TRASTORNOS DE CONDUCTA ALIMENTARIA(2025-06-18) Nieto Chávez Michelle Estefania; Guevara Villacís Mishelts Vanessa; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Nutrición y DietéticaExcessive exercise fostered an obsession with weight and appearance, potentially leading to unhealthy eating patterns. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that individuals who exercised compulsively or participated in high-performance sports experienced significant pressure to meet certain physical standards and followed extreme diets, which contributed to the development of eating disorders. A bibliographic review was conducted using the Prisma method, selecting 23 out of 225 relevant studies from databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Mendeley, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Zotero. The findings affirmed that physical hyperactivity constituted a high-risk factor for the development of eating disorders, and strict dietary regimens compromised the nutrition of young athletes. A key element in their recovery was the nutritional approach of gradual food reintroduction in small quantities until patients achieved full recovery. The study concluded by noting that a balanced relationship between nutrition and physical activity, coupled with the healthcare team's commitment to patients, would prevent the increase of such cases.Item Plan terapéutico de fuerza muscular en miembro superior con musicoterapia en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2(2025-03-11) Cajas Vargas, Diego Andrés; Reales Chacón, Lisbeth Josefina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosThis study, conducted at Universidad Técnica de Ambato, examines the impact of an innovative therapeutic plan combining upper limb strength exercises with music therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This multidimensional approach aims to enhance patients' quality of life and functionality through an accessible and tailored treatment. T2DM affects 10.5% of the global population and 1.7% in Ecuador, with a significant prevalence among older adults. Characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, this condition impacts not only metabolic health but also the musculoskeletal system, leading to muscle mass loss, insulin resistance, and functional limitations. The primary goal of this research was to implement and evaluate a therapeutic plan designed to improve upper limb strength in 28 older adults diagnosed with T2DM. The program consisted of specific exercises and music therapy sessions, totaling 48 sessions over 24 weeks. Music was selected based on participants' preferences to maximize physical and emotional benefits. The methodology included pre- and post-intervention assessments using manual dynamometry to measure muscle strength, and the results were analyzed statistically. Findings showed significant improvements in participants' muscle strength, with an average increase of 3–4 kg in key movements such as shoulder flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, as well as elbow flexion and extension. This study validates the use of music therapy as a complementary element in physiotherapeutic programs. It also provides a replicable model for future interventions addressing chronic conditions like T2DM, emphasizing the importance of integrated approaches in managing chronic diseases.Item ESTIMU LACION COGNITIVA A TRAVES DE TERAPIA FISICA EN PACIENTES CON ALZHEI MER: REVISION SISTEMATICA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-27) Telenchana Tiana, Katherine Elizabeth; Cantuña Vallejo, Paul FernandoAlzheimer´s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characteri z e d by the accumulation of beta-amyloid protein plaques in the brain, resulting in cogniti v e decline and functional impairment in patients. Physical therapy, traditionally used to treat muscular disorders, has been shown to be affective in stimulating cognition, thus becoming an alternative for its treatment. Therefore, the objective of this article is to determine the benefits of the physical therapy as a cognitive stimulator in patients with AD. This study conducts a systematic review of the available literature in PubM ed, SciELO, Elsevier, Google Scholar and PEDro, including a total of 14 articles . Various physical intervention protocols and their impact on cognition were analyzed. The results support the effectiveness of physical therapy, reflecting significant and promising changes in overall cognition, memory, attention, executive function and language after interventions such as aerobic exercise, strength training, multimo d a l programs and yoga. In conclusion, the study confirms that physical therapy is a viable and potentially effective strategy for stimulating cognition in patients with Alzheimer´s disease, and its importance in improving the quality of life in this population is emphasized.Item RELACION DEL HABÍTO DEPORTIVO EN EL RENDIMIENTO ACADEMICO EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-27) Cepeda Silva, Nagiely de los Angeles; Guevara Llerena, María ElenaThe main objective of this research was to analyze the relationship between sports habit and academic performance. 289 university students from the 6 courses offered by the Faculty of Health Sciences of the Technical University of Ambato participa t e d in the study. Two instruments were used. to obtain data on the sports habit, a survey originally created by the researcher to obtain sociodemographic data of the populat i on , and the International Physical Activity Questionaire implemented since 2000 in order to assess physical activity while to evaluate academic performance. They used the general averages obtained at the end of the first partial of the academic cycle. This study is non-experimental with a cross-sectional methodological design and is managed under a quantitative approach, obtaining, from the Pearson correla ti o n coefficient -r-, to what extent sports habit is related to academic performance, the analysis Statistics were carried out using the SPSS program. Through the results of the study, it is shown that students who practice a sport obtain better acade m i c performance above the average of their grades.Item Caracterización del estado nutricional, eventos alimentarios y actividad física en estudiantes de nivelación de la facultad ciencias de la salud(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-05-01) Caisaguano Vega, Marcia Yadira; Viteri Robayo, Carmen Patricia PhD.La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar el estado nutricional, en función de los eventos alimentarios y actividad física en estudiantes de nivelación de la Facultad Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato, pertenecientes al período Abril 2023 – Septiembre 2023. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo y de corte trasversal, se obtuvo una muestra de 117 estudiantes, y se aplicó los cuestionarios: “Cuestionario de Hábitos Alimentarios de Universitarios” y “Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ)”. Además, se tomó las medidas antropométricas de peso, talla y porcentaje de grasa corporal. Para el análisis estadístico se digitalizó la información en el programa de Microsoft Excel 2016, y fueron analizadas en el programa estadístico IBM SPSS Statistics 21. En los resultados el 49,6% indicaron consumir los alimentos 3 veces al día, la comida del desayuno es el evento alimentario que más omiten. La comida más consumida en media mañana son las frutas (enteras o en preparaciones) y/o frutos secos y en media tarde el agua natural. El 61,5% de estudiantes presentaron un nivel de actividad física bajo y 8 de estos estudiantes presentan hábito de sedentarismo. El 71,8% de estudiantes presentaron estado nutricional normal, de estos una mayor proporción (36,8%) presentaron un porcentaje de grasa corporal inadecuado.Item Relación de la ingesta dietética y actividad física en el estado nutricional de los miembros de la policía nacional de la subzona Tungurahua #18(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2023-08-01) Barrera Morales, Jennifer Paola; Hidalgo Morales, Kattyta Patricia Lic, MSc.In times of crisis, it is crucial to have a strong and efficient police force to meet security challenges, despite the social, financial, health and nutritional difficulties that may arise. In this context, research was conducted to determine the nutritional condition of police officers in the Pelileo district. A mixed approach was used, combining qualitative and quantitative information, including anthropometric measurements and a nutritional diagnosis. The physical activity performed both during or after the job was inquired, and macronutrient intake was evaluated. The results showed that approximately 64% of the participants were overweight, with no significant metabolic risk, and a medium body build. However, the fat index aligned with BMI, indicating 71% obesity and 21% overweight. About 50% had average muscularity, related to a high level of weekly physical activity. Regarding macronutrient intake, variations were observed between work and rest days, with a nutritional imbalance. Despite this, no significant differences were found between home and work consumption in relation to requirements. These statistically supported findings suggest adequate levels of nutrition, although it is contradictory to the high rates of overweight and obesity. Indepth studies on nutrient intake needed for better understandingItem Programa Vivifrail para disminuir el riesgo de caídas en el adulto mayor(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2022-09-01) Fuentes Narváez, Layeli Vanessa; Robalino Morales, Gabriela Estefanía, Lcda. Mg.First of all, it is important to take into account that physical activity is essential, especially in older adults, since, thanks to physical activity it is possible to achieve a healthy old age and quality of life, it should be noted that its main objective is to increase longevity and at the same time obtain an improvement in the quality of life of the older adult, in the same way, it helps to preserve muscle strength, cognitive function, reduces anxiety, depression and increases self-esteem. Likewise, it is important to perform physical activities, which help to reduce the risks of chronic diseases, mainly vascular diseases. Physical condition is associated with physical exercise, which will be structured, planned, repetitive and individual, it can be noted that older adults should perform physical activity as long as possible to improve their physical condition. We can add that falls are considered a geriatric syndrome produced by multiple factors, for this reason it is considered a complication in public health causing physical, social and psychological sequelae. Objective: to apply the VIVIFRAIL program to reduce the risk of falls in the elderly. Materials and methods: the present study has a quantitative, prospective, cross-sectional research approach, with intervention, this research is supported by evidence that is oriented towards the description of the problem to xvii be studied, this research was carried out in the "Asociación de Adultos Mayores de Atahualpa" and 32 male and female older adults participated. Results: The application of the VIVIFRAIL program to reduce the risk of falls in the elderly showed a favorable change in the functional and physical condition of the elderly.Item Análisis del perfíl lipídico de pacientes atendidos en el laboratorio g-nadlab y su posible alteración asociado a factores de riesgo como los hábitos alimenticios y actividad física durante la pandemia causada por COVID-19(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2022-09-01) Jarrín Lozada, Ana Valeria; Valenzuela Sánchez, Gabriela Paola, Mg.Covid-19 brings with it new questions about the evolution of health status in the population, several studies are beginning to point out new conditions related to risk factors such as low physical activity and inadequate eating habits (1). Based on this problem, this research is aimed at verifying whether there are alterations in the lipid profile associated with risk factors such as dietary habits and physical activity during the pandemic caused by Covid-19. In order to obtain results, a survey was applied, which evaluates the type of diet and physical activity from the beginning of the pandemic until the day on which they went to the laboratory for cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL tests. The data collected from 65 patients between men and women between 25 and 55 years of age show that 66% have alterations in the lipid profile, while those who have no alterations correspond to 34%, identifying the problem of having unhealthy habits in 71% of the population, those patients considered physically inactive represent 62%. In Ecuador, research on the food insecurity experienced during the pandemic period emphasizes the low consumption of healthy foods (2). Physical activity had consequences during the period of confinement since there were restrictions for free mobility decreasing the ability to perform exercises such as jogging or walking outdoors (3). These results together with the values obtained in the laboratory were run in the SPSS program applying the chi-square test demonstrating that in the months during the pandemic there were statistically significant alterations (p= 0.000) in the lipid profile parameters caused by the increase in sedentary behavior and the consumption of unhealthy foods. Within the limits of this research, lipid profile values suggest alterations caused by dietary habits and physical activity modified during this period of the Covid-19 pandemic.Item Evaluación de la actividad física del personal operativo del cuerpo de bomberos del cantón Pujilí(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Fisioterapía, 2022-03-01) Salguero Cevallos, Jessenia Fernanda; Cedeño Zamora, María Narciza Lcda. MSc.The objective of this research is to evaluate the level of physical activity and cardiorespiratory capacity of the operative personnel of the Pujilí Fire Department. In several investigations it has been determined that maintaining high levels of physical activity, such as a VO2 max. higher than 42 ml/min/kg, an adequate weight and BMI are necessary indicators for firefighters to be able to overcome the physical demands of their profession. The methodology applied was prospective, with a qualitative-quantitative, cross-sectional approach. The study population was 20 firefighters with an age range of 20-60 years. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire IPAQ in its short version and the Quenns College Step Test were used, for the application of the evaluations the informed consent of each of the participants was obtained, the results indicated that 40% of the participants presented a moderate level of physical activity, followed by 35% with high and only 25% low, with respect to cardiorespiratory capacity was found excellent in 40% of the population, while 35% showed good, between 10% recorded superior and the other 10% of the participants had regular capacity; only 5% indicated poor, according to VO2 max. According to VO2 max, men showed a better average of 48.42 ml/kg/min, while women showed a lower average of 46.72 ml/kg/min. Therefore, the level of physical activity that predominated in most of the participants was moderate and their cardiorespiratory capacity was excellent; therefore, the levels obtained can change through the application of specific physical conditioning programs in firefightersItem Actividad física y su relación con el IMC en docentes de la carrera de enfermería durante el confinamiento(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2021-09-01) Baño Baño, Mayra Esthela; Herrera López, José Luis Lc. Mg.Introduction: Physical activity and healthy eating are two important parameters in the body weight management, especially in these last year’s where people have adapted to lead a sedentary life style due to confinement, the telecommuting and online education. Objective: Relating the physical activity levels with Body Mass Index (BMI) in nursing teachers during confinement. Methods: Quantitative approach study, descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional, the population was 50 people, an online survey was applied using the international physical activity survey (IPAQ) in order to know the physical activity and BMI. Results: Nursing teachers were more predisposed to body mass indicators associated with overweight and obesity. In another hand, half of the teachers showed a moderate level of physical activity. Regarding to the relationship between our two variables, BMI and Physical Activity, a low positive association was found in the Pearson Correlation tests performed. Conclusions: through the use Pearson correlation test, which showed a weak positive association of 0.25, the existing dependence between the two variables was externalized.