Ciencias de la Salud

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Start date: 2021Subject: search.filters.subject.CONDUCTAS ALIMENTARIAS

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    CONDUCTAS ALIMENTARIAS DE RIESGO DE MALNUTRICIÓN E IMAGEN CORPORAL EN ESCOLARES Y ADOLESCENTES DE UNA POBLACIÓN RURAL ECUATORIANA
    (2025-06-17) Espín Molina, Amanda Rosmery; Arráiz de Fernández, Carolina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Enfermería
    Risky eating behaviors and malnutrition represent important health problems in humanity, as well as body image has a great influence on self-esteem. The objective of the research is to determine the risky eating behaviors of malnutrition and body image in schoolchildren and adolescents of a rural Ecuadorian population. The type of study is quantitative in approach, non-experimental design, cross-sectional and correlational in scope. Developed in a rural area, La Victoria parish, Pujilí canton in the province of Cotopaxi (Ecuador), in the period from May to August 2024. With a population of 216 participants, with a representative sample of 152 participants, of which 21 are schoolchildren and 131 adolescents. Two questionnaires were applied: the Brief Questionnaire of Risky Eating Behaviors (CBCAR) with validity and Cronbach's alpha of 0.83 and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) with validity and Cronbach's alpha of 0.96. A predominance in adolescents was found 86.18%, with a slightly higher distribution in men 51.97%, academically the majority belong to 7th-10th grade at 52.63%, it is observed that 90.79% do not present risk of eating disorder, however 9.21% present risk and are adolescents. Both children and adolescents do not present a significant concern about their body image with 74.34% of adolescents and 7.89% of boys; finally, it is observed that the majority of participants without risk of eating disorder are not worried about their body image 75%. In conclusion, the majority do not present a risk of eating disorders, nor significant concern about their body image, although further research is suggested to better understand the relationship between body dissatisfaction and eating behaviors.
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    IMPULSIVIDAD Y CONDUCTAS ALIMENTARIAS DE RIESGO EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS
    (2025-03-05) Ortiz Ortiz, María Fernanda; Vásquez de la Bandera Cabezas, Fabricio Alejandro; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Psicología Clínica
    Impulsivity is defined as a sudden action without any previous analysis or reasoning, which can trigger problems for the individual; on the other hand, risky eating behaviors are inadequate behaviors related to food such as: restrictive diets, self-induced vomiting, use of laxatives and diuretics, etc. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the relationship between impulsivity and risky eating behaviors in university students aged 18-29 years, with a sample of 164 participants. The study was quantitative, using the Barrat Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11) and the Brief Questionnaire on Risky Eating Behaviors (CBCAR). It also had a non-experimental design of correlational scope, for which, after the application of the normality test, when data with a normal distribution were not obtained, the nonparametric Spearman's Rho test was applied. Finally, the results showed that there is a low positive correlation between the study variables, so that, weakly, the greater the impulsivity, the greater the presence of risky eating behaviors in the participants. In particular, with regard to impulsivity, an average of 51.5 was found with no significant differences according to sex; and, with respect to risky eating behaviors, 63.4% did not present any risk, 20.1% showed moderate risk and 20.1% showed moderate risk and 16.5% a high risk, without showing a significant association with sex, i.e., CAR levels do not depend on being male or female.
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    Conductas alimentarias en población indígena y su relación con la desnutrición crónica en niños menores de 5 años de la parroquia Juan Benigno Vela.
    (Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Vargas Calle, Andrea Maritza Md.; Corella Galarza, Cristian Alexander Md. Esp
    Worldwide, in developing countries, 25% of the population under 5 years of age has malnutrition problems (1). Malnutrition increases the risk of infant morbidity and mortality (2). According to UNICEF (2015) (2), 42.3% prevail in indigenous children with growth retardation, unlike other racial groups (3). Objective: To determine the eating behaviors of the indigenous population related to chronic malnutrition in children older than 1 year and younger than 5 years of age in the Parish of Juan Benigno Vela. Methods: It is a cross-sectional study with a mixed design. Data from 30 chronically malnourished children were collected. A semi-structured interview was carried out with the parents or caregivers, on the eating habits and knowledge of breastfeeding, ablactation, among others. Results: 53.3% of caregivers are between 20 and 29 years of age, the majority female and correspond to the mother of the child. 66.7% self-identified as XVII indigenous. The degree of chronic malnutrition according to the IMCI growth curve, it was recorded that 76.7% were in the -2 percentile and 23.3% in the -3 percentile. All the children received exclusive breastfeeding. 73.3% do not know what are the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding. 86.7% of children were breastfed for more than one year of age. Ablactation or the start of complementary feeding was performed between 6 to 8 months of age with 73.3% and the majority began ablactation with "soup", liquid type, of the family diet. Keywords (5): Eating behaviors, chronic malnutrition, child malnutrition, indigenous, under 5 years of age, parents or caregivers.