Tesis Telecomunicaciones
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Item Arquitectura IOT aplicada al turismo inteligente para la ciudad de Baños de Agua Santa, Ecuador(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones., 2026-07-01) Armendáriz Real, Paúl Alejandro; Castro Martin, Ana Pamela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones.TURISMO INTELIGENTE, LORAWAN, REDES INALÁMBRICAS, CIUDADES INTELIGENTES, INTERNET DE LAS COSAS This project proposes the design of an IoT architecture applied to smart tourism in the city of Baños de Agua Santa, Ecuador, in order to establish a foundational technological infrastructure that enables the progressive incorporation of digital solutions for monitoring, managing, and analyzing tourism-related information, thereby contributing to the development of Baños as a smart tourism destination. The research arises from the need to integrate technological solutions that support environmental monitoring, people flow control, and parking area management, optimizing connectivity and access to real-time information in a city with high tourism activity and particular geographical conditions. The proposed architecture consists of four fundamental layers: perception, network, processing, and application. These layers integrate sensors, IoT devices, communication protocols, and technological platforms that enable data acquisition, transmission, processing, and visualization. LoRaWAN technology is employed for communication between IoT nodes and gateways due to its wide coverage, low energy consumption, and efficient data transmission capabilities. In addition, tools such as CupCarbon, OMNeT++, Radio Mobile, InfluxDB, and Grafana were used for data simulation, evaluation, and visualization, enabling the analysis of network performance, coverage, and connectivity parameters. Furthermore, the geographical conditions of Baños de Agua Santa were considered to optimize device placement and ensure communication stability. As a result, a functional and scalable architecture was obtained and validated through simulations and laboratory tests using IoT devices, demonstrating functionality, connectivity, and efficient data transmission within the proposed architecture.Item Sistema interactivo con integración de IA e IOT para turismo inteligente en la ciudad de Baños, Ecuador(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2026-01) Vaca Dominguez, Carlos Xavier; Castro Martin, Ana Pamela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de TelecomunicacionesThe increasing tourist flow in the city of Baños de Agua Santa, combined with the lack of technological tools that facilitate visitor interaction with their surroundings, creates limitations in accessing updated information and affects the overall user experience. Furthermore, the absence of intelligent systems that integrate real-time data hinders the efficient management of local tourism. The objective of this project was to develop an interactive system based on AI and IoT to improve the tourist experience through dynamic functionalities, contextualized information, and visitor support tools. To achieve this, a User-Centered Design (UCD) approach based on the ISO 9241-210 standard was employed, along with usability evaluations using the System Usability Scale (SUS) model, complemented by field tests and direct user feedback. The results indicate that the system offers intuitive navigation, useful information, and adequate interaction with the implemented functionalities, achieving a SUS score of 80.25, considered "excellent" in terms of usability. Likewise, users highlighted the ease of use, clarity of information, and the effectiveness of the chatbot, confirming the suitability of the system for real-world application within the framework of Tourism 4.0 in Baños de Agua Santa.Item Sistema Iot con análisis predictivo para el monitoreo de la salud de sistemas de bombeo de campos petroleros(2026) Bonilla Bonilla Erick Bladimir; Ayala Baño Elizabeth Paulina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de TelecomunicacionesThe operation of electric submersible pumps (ESPs) in oil fields is impacted by failures, downtime, and the limited use of digital tools for condition monitoring. To address this challenge, an IoT system with predictive analytics was developed to monitor the health of ESPs, with the aim of supporting maintenance decision-making and reducing the occurrence of critical failures in continuous production environments. To develop the solution, the CRISP-DM methodology was applied, defining a predictive analytics workflow based on historical data. In this stage, operational records were integrated, structured, and refined using electrical, hydraulic, mechanical, and thermal variables, and a preprocessing pipeline was implemented—including validation, cleaning, and feature transformation—to ensure data consistency and quality. On this basis, a multi-label dataset with five classification targets was built, enabling the joint execution of diagnostic and prognostic tasks. Subsequently, ensemble models based on decision trees were compared, and a multi-label Random Forest approach was adopted due to its balance of performance, robustness, and generalization capability across multiple classes and operational variability. During controlled-environment testing, the system achieved an approximate overall weighted precision of 85%, with per-label accuracies of 82% for failure variable, 83% for subcomponent, 82% for severity, 83% for pump state, and 91% for 24-hour failure prediction. Finally, deployment was carried out using Docker, a FastAPI inference service, InfluxDB, and Grafana dashboards, enabling visualization of process variables and estimated operating status, and demonstrating the technical feasibility of the proposed solution for predictive maintenance.Item Sistema IoT para el control y monitoreo de fugas de GLP en entornos domésticos(2025-08) Llerena Ortega Andrés Mateo; Robalino Peña Edgar Freddy; Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de TelecomunicacionesSafety in the domestic use of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a critical component of household risk management, particularly in contexts where technical oversight of installations is limited. This research proposes the design and implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based system aimed at the early detection of hazardous LPG concentrations, automatic activation of shut-off mechanisms, and real-time alert delivery to users. The proposed system integrates low-cost gas sensors, programmable microcontrollers, actuators for flow control, and wireless communication modules, enabling seamless deployment in residential environments. The design follows a distributed architecture based on continuous monitoring, risk threshold identification, and the immediate execution of corrective responses. Through an applied and interdisciplinary approach, the project combines electronics, embedded programming, data networks, and automation principles to construct a comprehensive solution to LPG leakage risks. Beyond its technical functionality, the system aims to promote a culture of prevention among end-users through accessible and user-friendly interaction tools. This work addresses the urgent need to enhance safety in domestic settings while contributing to the development of affordable, replicable technologies that improve community well-being and encourage the adoption of intelligent solutions in the residential sector.Item Sistema inalámbrico de energía por fotosíntesis con tecnología IoT, para el monitoreo de invernaderos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2025-02) Quiroga Condo Diego Alexander; Pallo Noroña Juan PabloThe present project proposes to implement a wireless photosynthesis energy system with IoT technology, focused on the efficient monitoring of greenhouses. The system integrates renewable energy and wireless transmission through a rectenna, eliminating dependence on non-renewable sources. The biophotovoltaic system uses plants such as the Nephrolepis exaltata fern, generating energy from photosynthesis. With an effective leaf area of 0.5 m², the plants produce approximately 1,161 W per day, enough to power IoT sensors. The generated energy is transferred wirelessly with an efficiency of 85%, reaching a voltage of 7.99 V at the receiver. The IoT system includes temperature and humidity sensors, strategically distributed to collect real-time data and optimize greenhouse conditions. The data is stored in a cloud database, accessible through an interactive web interface. With 89% reliability, the system ensures continuous and sustainable monitoring, reducing operating costs and contributing to efficient environmental management. The results demonstrate that the technology is viable for low-energy agricultural applications, offering a scalable and adaptable model for different environments.Item Infraestructura NFV con tecnología SDN para brindar servicios de red en IOT(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2025-02) Telenchana Tenelema Alex Roger; Manzano Villafuerte Víctor SantiagoThe proliferation of IoT devices has created significant challenges in terms of network management, interoperability and scalability, which need to be addressed to ensure optimal and secure operation of these devices in various environments. For this reason, new technologies must be sought to expand the possibilities and satisfy the demand for these devices. Through virtualization, IoT applications have been allowed to be more efficient, flexible, scalable and economical, depending on network requirements. This research project studies virtualized network functions (NFV) and SDN networks, proposing a modern and adaptable infrastructure based on these emerging technologies. In the first instance, an infrastructure as a service (IaaS) implemented in OpenStack is presented, which includes cloud network services designed to support IoT applications. This virtualized environment allows you to efficiently manage and orchestrate resources, providing support for the creation of virtual machines that act as an IoT server and as a Ryu-based SDN controller. Secondly, a software-defined network (SDN) architecture is presented, in which a switch with the OpenFlow 1.3 protocol is implemented as an access point for IoT devices. Likewise, the virtual machine that hosts the SDN controller is equipped with a network management application designed to control packet flow and configure firewall rules on the SDN switch through a web interface, thus facilitating interoperability between the network. SDN and network functions virtualization (NFV) infrastructureItem Soluciones de seguridad en sistemas iot de hogares inteligentes para mitigar riesgos y vulnerabilidades mediante la realización de pruebas de penetración(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2024-02) Araujo Robalino, María Isabel; Cuji Rodríguez, Julio EnriqueThe Internet of Things (IoT) is revolutionizing the intercommunication between smart home devices. However, the security of these systems faces security challenges as more devices are incorporated, so effective solutions are needed to protect sensitive data and information integrity. The IoT system designed for this research is made up of a variety of devices common in smart homes, such as lights, switches, plugs, security cameras, motion sensors, and an "Alexa" voice assistant. Penetration testing on this system uses the Stride model, which analyzes six categories of threats: spoofing, data tampering, repudiation, information disclosure, denial of service, and elevation of privilege; to identify specific risks and vulnerabilities. Based on these results, measures are established to ensure the security of the system, including limiting access to authorized devices, assigning static IP addresses, and strong passwords in the router's configuration. In addition, specific tools are incorporated in the machine to monitor and control data traffic, allowing users to supervise their network’s status. The evaluation of the effectiveness of these measures reveals a mitigation of vulnerabilities of up to 64,052% in the total system. This highlights the effectiveness of the security measures applied. This high percentage of mitigation evidences the robustness of the system in protecting against possible attacks and guarantees a more secure environment for the system's IoT devices