Tesis Telecomunicaciones

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    Modelo de producción para el aprovechamiento de subproductos de la elaboración de té de plantas medicinales y aromáticas en base a los principios de Industria 5.0
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2024-08) Vega Rodríguez, Erick Francisco; Córdova Córdova, Edgar Patricio
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    Sistema automático de detección de extorsiones mediante el análisis de señales de la voz
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2024-08) Tinta Capuz, Carlos Jair; Castro Martin, Ana Pamela
    This project presents the implementation of an automatic system to detect extortion through the analysis of voice signals. This system has been designed to identify extortive language, being an essential tool for security and crime prevention. The architecture of the system is divided into three main layers. In the first, speech recognition and feature extraction is done internally with specific libraries. Extortionist and non-extortionist phrases are classified to train the detection model and ensure accuracy in distinguishing both types of language. A set of sentences classified as extortionate and non-extortionate is incorporated for training. This dataset is used to train the detection model, ensuring that the system can distinguish between the two types of language. The intermediate layer uses advanced natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning techniques with the RandomForestClassifier model, selected for its reliability and efficiency. This system processes and classifies sentences according to their content, ensuring accurate and robust detection of extortionate language. The presentation layer includes a graphical user interface (GUI) developed with Tkinter. This interface allows users to interact with the system intuitively by activating the microphone to record their voice and receive an immediate assessment of the presence of extortionate language. The GUI improves the accessibility and usability of the system. This prototype represents a significant advance in extortion detection with 92% accuracy according to system tests, providing an efficient solution. It is anticipated that this tool will meet the growing demand for intelligent security systems, helping organizations stay ahead in the fight against crime.
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    Sistema de manufactura automático para el montaje de circuitos impresos integrando el robot Ufactory Lite 6 con inteligencia artificial
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2024-08) Vargas Zambrano, Kléber Santiago; Manzano Villafuerte, Víctor Santiago
    Through the implementation of the Robot Operating System (ROS) and the Rviz display tool, precise and synchronized coordination between the robot and the workspace has been achieved, both in a simulated environment and in the real environment. ROS makes it easy to implement advanced motion planning and control algorithms, allowing the Xarm UFactory Lite 6 robot to execute complex tasks with high precision. This system combines an anthropomorphic Xarm UFactory Lite 6 robot with high precision and repeatability, including a high-resolution microscope to detect the components, improving the assembly process and ensuring the correct placement of the components. The system allows precise and synchronized incorporation between the robot and object detection. The control software coordinates robot operations by optimizing assembly paths and correcting errors in real time aligning with the principles of the RAMI 4.0 architecture. For the design and implementation of the manufacturing system, the physical measurements of the robot workspace are considered until the detailed analysis of the training results using a dataset of 547 images and the trained model with 200 periods. Through its multidimensional approach, a truly viable and reliable system was achieved, aligned with Industry 4.0 standards. The Robot Operating System (ROS) and the RViz visualization tool allow a robot to be coordinated in a precise and synchronized way with its environment, both in simulation and in the real world. ROS makes it easy to implement advanced motion planning and control algorithms, allowing the Xarm UFactory Lite 6 robot to execute complex tasks with high precision.
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    Sistema automatizado de dosificación de alimentos y control de condiciones climáticas con tecnología IoT, para la crianza de pollos en la Avícola San José en el cantón Salcedo
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2024-08) Satuquinga Congacha, Evelin Lissette; Altamirano Meléndez, Santiago Mauricio
    In this work, a feed dosing and environmental conditions control system with IoT technology was implemented for chicken farming in Salcedo Canton. Traditionally, this activity is done in an artisanal way, without technologies that optimize productivity. The system uses a local Raspberry Pi server to manage sensor data through ESP32 microcontrollers. Weight sensors measure the amount of feed in the troughs, and servomotors are responsible for controlling the proper distribution. Solenoid valves regulate the water supply, and relays control lighting, curtains and heaters. Environmental sensors detect temperature, humidity and CO2 levels inside the house, ensuring an optimal environment for bird welfare. The entire system is controlled and monitored by the IoT Home Assistant platform, using ESPHome and the MQTT protocol for communication via WiFi. Finally, with the automated system it was possible to reduce the distribution time, feed wastage of 1152.14 kg and increase bird weight by 0.1 kg. In conclusion, the automated system is important for poultry farms, both small and large, as it provides proper management in the rearing of birds and makes the feeding and climate control process more controlled, accurate and effective
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    Procesamiento de radiografía de tórax mediante morfología matemática para facilitar la identificación de problemas óseos
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2024-08) Pazmiño Sanguil, Mario Fernando; Benalcázar Palacios, Freddy Geovanny
    Chest x-ray is the most frequently performed radiological analysis on patients; However, the assessment of bone pathologies through these studies has been lagged by doctors, so the present research work focuses on the detection of cervical rib pathologies and enchondroma or bone infarction, with the in order to provide assistance and support to doctors, so that they have a tool that allows them to make a more efficient and timely diagnosis of their patients. The study focuses on the development of an algorithm that allows determining whether or not the anomalies under analysis are suffering, and subsequently highlighting and displaying them for the knowledge of the doctor and the patient. To carry out the work, the information contained in the database provided by BIMCV (Medical Image Bank of the Valencian Community) was taken; the processing of the images was carried out with Mathematical Morphology, mainly based on the use of filters. The results obtained indicate a detection sensitivity greater than 90%, and a specificity greater than 95%, which proves the behavior of the developed algorithm, this is corroborated with the validation carried out by a Traumatologist. The determining factor for bone pathologies to be detected and highlighted is the establishment of detection thresholds, this is because x-rays have certain differences in positioning and image quality, in addition to the location, shape and size of the pathologies
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    Sistema electrónico para detección de patrones irregulares de las señales encefalográficas en el diagnóstico temprano de enfermedades neurodegenerativas empleando inteligencia artificial
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2024-08) Pico Palacios, Diego Javier; Córdova Córdova, Edgar Patricio
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    Sistema de detección de patologías oculares por análisis de imágenes de retina mediante segmentación semántica
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2024-08) Núñez Rivera, John Steven; Castro Martin, Ana Pamela
    The constant increase in ocular pathologies globally, due to lack of access to examinations and delayed detection, is a concerning phenomenon affecting millions annually. In this context, a study was conducted with the aim of developing an artificial intelligence-based system for detecting these pathologies through the analysis of retinal images. The primary objective of this system is to enhance diagnostic accuracy and expedite the clinical evaluation of these conditions. This system was developed in several stages, including data acquisition, processing, and visualization. In the acquisition phase, retinal images from widely recognized datasets were used. The captured data is processed using deep learning models, specifically the U-Net model, which enables the segmentation and classification of crucial features in the images, such as the cup-to-disc ratio, hemorrhages, exudates, and drusen. The system was developed in Python and integrated into both mobile and web applications, making it accessible in various clinical and remote settings. The visualization of the obtained results is conducted through intuitive interfaces that allow healthcare professionals to efficiently review and analyze the diagnoses. It is noteworthy that the information is processed and transmitted in real-time, ensuring a swift and reliable response to potential pathologies. Tests demonstrated a 92% effectiveness in detecting the evaluated ocular conditions.
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    Prototipo de un sistema de semaforización inteligente para la optimización del tráfico vehicular empleando inteligencia artificial
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2024-08) Coello Ibañez, Antony Josue; Cuji Rodriguez, Julio Enrique
    This research project develops a prototype of an intelligent traffic light system to optimize vehicular traffic using an artificial intelligence model. The methodology is divided into four stages. In the first stage, vehicle flow data was collected using four cameras located at the intersection of Rodrigo Pachano Avenue and Montalvo Street in the city of Ambato. The second stage consisted of vehicle detection and counting using the YOLOv5 model and the SORT tracking algorithm, which allowed for an accurate analysis of vehicle flow. In the third stage, a data storage system with MySQL was implemented to record the number of detected vehicles. In addition, an adaptive control algorithm was developed to autonomously manage traffic light states according to the amount of traffic. Finally, in the fourth stage, a graphical interface was designed with Tkinter to supervise and control the system, and traffic was simulated with the Pygame library. A prototype using 10 mm LEDs and an ESP32 microcontroller was also integrated, which communicates with the system via the WebSocket protocol to manage the operation of the traffic lights. The results show that the system significantly improves vehicle flow, increasing traffic management capacity by 182.06%. This translates into a significant improvement in the quality of life of citizens by reducing the time needed to travel between different parts of the city.
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    Visor inteligente para la seguridad de conductores de motocicleta
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2024-08) Pazmiño Zapata, José Enrique; Pallo Noroña, Juan Pablo
    The project presents an innovative proposal focused on assistance systems for motorcycle drivers, capable of providing relevant information without the need to look away from the road, this project addresses the need to increase safety and reduce distractions, focusing on the trajectory planned by the driver. The purpose of the study was to design a device that is non-invasive and easy to integrate into the helmet, allowing the visualization of the road and the observation of the information provided from a cellular device. For this purpose, adaptive technologies were analyzed and a prototype was designed capable of providing relevant information to the driver such as application notifications, GPS navigation, time and weather information, with the use of peripherals easy to integrate and transport resulting in a practical device for use in any helmet and easy integration. The results showed an increase in driver concentration and a significant reduction in driving times, with the main characteristic of not obstructing the field of vision, improving the perception of safety. The implementation of this system as an intelligent visor in motorcycle helmets can revolutionize road safety, decreasing accidents and improving the driving experience, this system has great potential for growth, opening opportunities for future research in the development of driver safety.
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    Sistema de monitoreo para la calidad de aire ambiente de la ciudad de Ambato utilizando drones
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2024-08) Martinez Diaz, Edgar Gustavo; Guamán Molina, Jesús Israel
    Monitoring the ambient air quality of the city of Ambato is a current and relevant environmental need that allows air pollution to be identified. In this degree work, an ambient air quality monitoring system is proposed, which combines the use of drones and sensors, mainly the SDS011 to measure PM2.5 and PM10 particles, providing data in real time. The applied methodology is based on the use of drones equipped with sensors that collect data from multiple locations and heights. Data transmission is carried out through two slave nodes and one master node based on esp32 Lora, allowing reliable and efficient communication. The proposed system has a cloud server which facilitates the storage and analysis of data from anywhere in the world. The research is framed in the use of remote monitoring technology, so the integration of drones and sensors in the same prototype for the aerial evaluation of air quality is of great relevance, in such a way that it offers broad and detailed coverage. that overcomes the limitations of existing systems. It also has a focus on integrating data in real time with systems that help make data publication faster and more accurate. The structure it has allows for scalability and adaptability in different environments and other environmental needs found in the air. Data analysis is carried out using Minitab software, where significant patterns and relationships in air pollution are identified. The same ones that help to make early decisions in the face of possible air pollution, with these events, effective strategies are taken to improve air quality in Ambato.