Enfermería
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Item PROCESO DE ATENCIÓN DE ENFERMERÍA EN UN PACIENTE CON OSTEOGÉNESIS IMPERFECTA(2026-07-20) Taipe Guala, Evelyn Yolanda; Macias Ferreiro, Karina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is known as “crystal bones” one of the genetic disorders that causes bone fragility due to mutations in the COL1A1 or COL1A2 gene which affects the structure and function of collagen I. Objective: To apply the nursing care process in a patient with osteogenesis imperfecta from the province of Cotopaxi in the canton of Salcedo, parish of Mulalillo in the community of Chirinche Bajo. Methods: Clinical case of a 13-year-old girl who was diagnosed with OI since she was 5 years old, the information extracted was described taking into account prenatal and natal history, signs and symptoms. The Nursing Assessment Guide based on Marjory Gordon's Functional Patterns for pediatric users and the NANDA taxonomy for the elaboration of nursing diagnoses, NOC taxonomy (results) and NIC taxonomy (interventions) were applied. Results: Four main diagnoses were identified: nutritional imbalance, self-care deficit, impaired physical mobility, and social isolation. An individualized care plan based on NOC results was implemented, focusing on improving nutritional status, promoting health, and adapting to physical disability. Through NIC interventions, diet was optimized and adapted physical activities were encouraged, which decreased social anxiety and improved the patient's social integration. Conclusions: The implementation of the NANDA, NOC, NIC taxonomies, and Marjory Gordon functional patterns, allowed the design of an individualized and holistic care plan for the patient's health status.Item ALFABETIZACIÓN EN ATENCIÓN PRIMARIA EN SALUD. REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA(2025-06-19) Cedeño Toapanta, Cindy Belen; Herrera López, José Luis; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: Health literacy refers to "the social and cognitive skills that determine the ability of health personnel to access, understand and use information in a way that allows them to involve patients in their own care in order to develop skills that foster self-care behaviors for the control of their health, greater ability to follow their treatments and interpret alarm signs and symptoms, and thus be able to prevent risk factors. Objective: To analyze literacy in primary health care, based on a systematic review. Materials and methods: A research document was used under the systematic review modality, compiling information from databases: Google Scholar, Pudmed, SciELO, using descriptors such as: "literacy in nursing", "literacy in primary health care". In Spanish, English and Portuguese between 2020 and 2024. Results: Literacy in primary care should be further promoted to promote care, prevent diseases and motivate the population to fulfill their obligations with the aim of maintaining their health status in good conditions. Conclusions: It has been evidenced that having the ability to become literate has an impact on people and also on the community due to the fact that personal empowerment is acquired, this is not only a challenge for the patient but also for the health staff especially the nursing staff since they are in charge of accompanying and explaining the patient at all times.Item PRÁCTICAS DE ENFERMERÍA COMO ESTRATEGIA PARA MEJORAR LA FOTOTERAPIA EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE ICTERICIA NEONATAL(2025-06-19) Chusin Pallo, Mercy Soraya; Chileno Camacho, Luis Felipe; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: Neonatal jaundice is a common condition that affects a large number of newborns, with phototherapy being the treatment of choice. Nursing practices play a crucial role in the effectiveness of this treatment. Objective: Determine the impact of nursing practices on the effectiveness of phototherapy for the treatment of neonatal jaundice. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was carried out using the PRISMA method. Articles published between 2019 and 2024 in English, Spanish and Portuguese, related to nursing practices in neonatal phototherapy, were included. The search was carried out in databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scielo and Dialnet. Results: The studies analyzed revealed that transcutaneous bilirubinometry is a useful tool for non-invasive monitoring, although it must be complemented with laboratory measurements in complex cases. The combination of techniques such as massage and position changes with phototherapy improves the effectiveness of the treatment. Education and support for parents are essential to reduce stress and improve treatment adherence. Home phototherapy, with adequate supervision, is presented as a safe and effective alternative to hospital treatment. Conclusion: Well-implemented, evidence-based nursing practices have a significant positive impact on the effectiveness of phototherapy, improving clinical outcomes and the overall experience of patients and their families in the treatment of neonatal jaundice.Item PERFIL HEMATOLOGICO EN NIÑOS Y ADOLESCENTES CON MALNUTRICION(2025-06-19) Caisa Chalan Jessenia Lizbeth; Chasillacta Amores Fabiola Beatriz; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: The hematological profile is a key diagnostic tool to assess the effects of malnutrition, revealing common abnormalities such as anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and hypoalbuminemia. These abnormalities indicate nutritional deficiencies and related health problems such as iron deficiency anemia due to lack of iron, immune system weakness, and electrolyte imbalances. Adequate treatment based on correcting these deficiencies and continuous monitoring is essential to improve this vulnerable population's health status and prognosis. Objective: To determine the hematological profile in children between 5 and 9 years of age and adolescents from 10 to 19 years of age with malnutrition. Methods: Quantitative approach, non-experimental design, cross-sectional and descriptive in scope, with a population of 42 participants between children and adolescents from an Ecuadorian foundation dedicated to the care. The information was collected by taking anthropometric measurements and blood samples for the hematological profile study. Results: Hematological alterations are not limited to malnutrition states. They also occur in apparently healthy individuals. The high prevalence of alterations in the white blood cell series, particularly in lymphocytes and neutrophils, could indicate the presence of inflammatory processes or altered immunological responses in these age groups. These findings underscore the importance of a comprehensive hematological evaluation in children and adolescents, regardless of their nutritional status. Conclusions: The hematological profile in children and adolescents in this study is not related to malnutrition since there are hematological alterations in the population studied who are apparently healthy.Item VALORACIÓN DE PATRONES FUNCIONALES EN ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA Y SU RELACIÓN CON EL DESEMPEÑO ACADÉMICO(2025-06-18) Castro Solis, Mayra Johanna; Ferreiro Macías, Karina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: Academic performance is a measure of the abilities that a student presents regarding what he or she has learned, as an effect of a complex training process, which derives to multiple factors. Objective: To analyze the relationship between functional patterns and academic performance in nursing students. Methods: A quantitative study was carried out, with an observational, ambispective design and analytical-relational scope in which the most significant results of the assessment of functional patterns in relation to academic performance were described. Results: 62 first-semester students of the Nursing course at the Technical University of Ambato participated, of which 52 (83.9%) were female and 10 (16.1%) were male. The bilateral asymptotic significance values for the following patterns are indicated: health maintenance and perception: 0.00<0.05; cognitive-perceptual: 0.044<0.05 and selfperception 0.012<0.05; therefore, the hypothesis is rejected; that is, there is a statistically significant association between these three functional patterns and academic performance. Conclusions: The comprehensive well-being of students is a key factor that influences their academic success, so educational institutions should consider a more holistic approach in the training of future health professionals.Item FUNCIONAMIENTO FAMILIAR Y SU REPERCUSIÓN EN EL DESEMPEÑO ACADÉMICO DEL ESTUDIANTE DE ENFERMERÍA(2025-06-18) Curillo Banda, Anibal Fabricio; Macias Ferreiro, Karina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaFamily functioning is considered as the set of interactions that allow us to face various crises. Academic performance is the result of the teaching-learning process that is involved in the knowledge learned in said process and how it is incorporated into their behavior and that could be mediated by family functioning. The objective of the research was to determine the influence of family functioning on the academic performance of nursing students at the Technical University of Ambato. It was carried out under a quantitative, descriptive, ambispective and correlational approach. The sample was made up of 286 students enrolled in the period from March to September 2024. For the diagnosis of family functioning, the ff-sil questionnaire was used and academic performance was analyzed according to the evaluation scale of the evaluation regulations of the aforementioned institution. As a result, it was found that there is no association between academic performance and family functioning with p 0.504 > 0.05, however, students from complete nuclear families were the ones who predominated (56.6%), which represents a family structure considered a positive support network. The need for a new study on the factors that impact the academic performance of nursing students was demonstrated.Item ESTADO NUTRICIONAL E ÍNDICE ERITROCITARIO EN ADOLESCENTES EN UNA POBLACIÓN RURAL ECUATORIANA(2025-06-18) Vega Vega, Gladys Vanessa; Arráiz de Fernández, Carolina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: Nutrition and red blood cell health during adolescence are public health priorities. Recent studies reveal high prevalences of malnutrition due to deficit and excess in adolescents globally. In Ecuador, the 2018 National Health and Nutrition Survey revealed a prevalence of 25.7% of chronic malnutrition and 29.9% of overweight/obesity in adolescents. Objective: The objective was to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and red blood cell index in adolescents of an Ecuadorian population aged 13 to 19 years. Methods: A quantitative correlational, non-experimental, cross-sectional study was carried out in a rural Ecuadorian area (La Victoria parish, Pujilí) with 44 adolescents between 13 to 19 years. Results: Nutritional status was assessed using BMI and waist circumference, and red blood cell index parameters were analyzed using an automated blood count. The results showed that 61.4% had normal nutritional status, 22.7% were overweight, 13.6% were malnourished, and 2.3% were obese. Regarding the red blood cell index, 88.6% had normal values for red blood cells and hemoglobin, while the hematocrit showed an equal distribution between normal and high values (50% each). The most significant finding was that 68.2% had a decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), regardless of nutritional status. Conclusion: It is concluded that there is a complex relationship between nutritional status and red blood cell indices in rural adolescents. The high prevalence of decreased MCHC, regardless of nutritional status, suggests the need to implement comprehensive public health strategies that simultaneously address nutrition and hematological health in this population.Item ESTRATEGIAS DE APRENDIZAJE Y RENDIMIENTO ACADÉMICO EN LOS ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA(2025-06-18) Campos Nuñez, Jessenia Lizbeth; Sara Verónica Guadalupe Nuñez; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaThe relationship between learning strategies and academic performance in nursing students underscores the importance of developing motivational and cognitive skills to complete the educational process. Objective: To analyze how learning strategies influence the academic performance of nursing students. The research focuses on identifying the motivational, cognitive, and contextual skills that impact the learning process. Methods: A quantitative approach was employed, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design using surveys as the main technique. The University Students’ Learning Strategies Assessment Questionnaire (CEVEAPEU), consisting of 49 dichotomic type questions, was administered to a sample of 110 students. The reliability of the instrument was high, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.91. Results: It was revealed that 89% of students feel capable of selecting relevant information for their studies, although 22% face challenges in using bibliographic resources. However, only 11% are able to recognize essential documents in online searches, indicating a problem in managing digital information overload. Conclusion: Although most students exhibit confidence in their learning ability, there is an urgent need to improve their skills in identifying reliable online sources. This suggests that training programs should be implemented to strengthen these competencies, fostering more autonomous and well-founded learning in an increasingly digital academic environment.Item ROL DE ENFERMERÍA EN SALUD INTERCULTURAL – TEORÍA DE MADELEINE LEININGER. REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA(2025-06-18) Masaquiza Pillajo Sammia Sulay; Manzano Quisimalin Devora Estefanía; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaThe Intercultural Health Nursing Role explores the role of nurses in culturally diverse environments and the challenges they experience; among them the language, customs, traditions and the perspective of managing health and illness, using Madeleine Leininger's Theory as a theoretical basis to develop a work plan according to the patient's worldview without leaving aside their own ideologies rather integrate them into it, without influencing their treatment, in order to provide culturally competent care. This research uses a bibliographic documentary selection methodology that allows the information to be analyzed and evaluated. A search was carried out for scientific articles published between 2020 and 2024 in databases such as ScieLo, Dialnet, Pubmed and search engines such as Google Academic using Boolean operators to optimize relevant information in relation to the topic raised above. A nursing professional must be able to interact with people of different ideologies, which is why it is necessary to have correct communication accompanied by cultural attributes that help a nurse develop the ideal ability to interact with people from different cultural contexts, without discriminating or emitting prejudices that violate the patient's autonomy. This research aims to analyze the role of nursing in intercultural health where it highlights the importance of cultural competencies in nursing professionals in these environments and highlights the value of the application of Madeleine Leininger's Theory in academics and professional practice.Item IMPACTO DE LA HIGIENE DE MANOS EN LA SALUD DE LOS ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS(2025-06-17) López Izurieta, Adonis Remigio; Moyano Calero, William Eudrillir; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaObjective: The objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of hand hygiene on the health of university students. Method: It had a quantitative approach, observational design, cross-sectional and descriptive scope. To select the sample, a probabilistic sampling by clusters was used, that is to say, one parallel per semester. Descriptive statistical techniques were used to analyze the data obtained. Results: The findings derived from this research indicate that nursing students enrolled in the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh semesters of the Universidad Técnica de Ambato have an adequate level of knowledge and attitudes regarding hand hygiene. Conclusion: The work environment and circumstances affect the consistency of hand hygiene practices, even though most students understand and apply them.