Ingeniería Mecánica
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/900
Browse
8 results
Search Results
Item Caracterización térmica, mecánica y microestructural de un material compuesto de matriz poliéster reforzada con fibra natural de banano y su posible aplicación industrial(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-09) López Martínez, Erick Isaac; Valle Velasco, Pablo RaúlThis study investigated the feasibility of using natural banana fiber as reinforcement in a polymeric material made up of polyester resin. The banana fiber was obtained from waste produced from a banana plantation in Ecuador, making it an attractive option due to its easy availability, low cost, and low environmental impact. Three different volumetric proportions were established (80 matrix - 20 fiber, 70 matrix - 30 reinforcement and 60 matrix - 40 reinforcement) to identify the compound with the best mechanical behavior. Mechanical impact, hardness and abrasion tests were carried out, following the ASTM D5628-10, ASTM D2240-15 and ASTM G0195-13a standards, respectively. In addition, microstructure analysis was performed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and calorimetry with a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). The results highlight that the composite material with a proportion of 70 percent polyester resin and 30 percent fiber showed the best mechanical properties, with impact energy values of 0.23J, hardness of 73.1 Shore D, abrasion index of 23.4 (mg/cycle) and a peak temperature of 113.88 degrees Celsius. Banana fiber represents a promising alternative as reinforcement in polyester resin composites, and the composite with the ratio of 70 percent matrix and 30 percent reinforcement demonstrated optimal mechanical behavior. These results have important potential applications in various industries, such as construction, automotive, and aeronautics.Item Caracterización mecánica del material compuesto de matriz poliéster reforzada con fibra natural de totora (Schoenoplectus Californicus) y su posible aplicación en la industria(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-03) Pico Vaca, José Luis; Espín Lagos, Segundo ManuelThis research project was based on defining the mechanical properties through the characterization of the composite material of Polyester resin and natural reed fiber, with a configuration of continuous fiber distributed longitudinally, in addition three different volumetric fractions were established (90 percent matrix10 percent fiber, 80 percent matrix-20 percent reinforcement, 70 percent matrix 30 percent reinforcement) that correspond to the percentage of the matrix and reinforcement respectively, in order to determine the composite material with the best mechanical performance based on its volumetric fraction . The density of the fiber was determined using the gravimetric method, giving us a density of 0.19 grams / cubic centimeter and a manual stratification was also used for the preparation of the test tubes. For the mechanical characterization, three mechanical tests were carried out: traction, bending and impact, these were carried out under the ASTM D3039, ASTM D7464, ASTM D5628 Standards, respectively. Manual stratification was used to make the specimens, in a mold made of ASTM-A36 structural steel. With the data obtained from the tensile, bending and impact tests, it was determined that the composite material with a volumetric fraction of 70 percent of polyester resin polymer matrix and 30 percent of reed fiber reinforcement presents the best mechanical properties with the following values: a maximum tensile stress of 14.41MPa, Modulus of elasticity of 1036.598MPa, Maximum flexural stress of 71.51MPa, Flexural modulus of 10941.27MPa, and Impact energy of 0.23JItem Influencia de la exposición a la intemperie en la resistencia a la tracción, flexión e impacto de dos materiales compuestos de matriz poliéster reforzados con fibra de abacá y plátano(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2020-09) Francisco Javier, Oquendo Lazo; Pérez Salinas, Cristian FabiánThe present experimental work has the determination of analysis the influence of outdoor exposure under ASTM D1435-99 (maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity, average rainfall and UV radiation), time (zero to six months) angle of exposure (45 degrees) and type of fiber (abaca and banana), in the behavior of the mechanical properties of composite materials. By means of the elaboration of two composite materials made with a polyester matrix and abaca fiber and another of a polyester matrix and banana fiber, the probes with the following dimensions (length, width and thickness) are made for the tensile test 250x25 x4 mm under ASTM D3039-2017, bending specimens 160x13x4 mm under ASTM D7264 and 80x10x4 mm charpy impact specimens under NTE INEN-ISO 179-2 . The first test was carried out at the beginning of the study and the second after six months, the data of the climatological variations and the variations of the weights of the specimens were also recorded. With the help of the data obtained, it was possible to verify that there are variations in the mechanical properties of both materials in the tensile, flexural and impact tests. The results of the study are presented through a statistical and graphic analysis carried out in the experimental work.Item Optimización (Doe-Mezclas) del material híbrido con refuerzos de fibra de abacá, fibra de cabuya y fibra de vidrio de matriz de resina poliéster y su incidencia sobre las propiedades mecánicas a flexión, tracción e impacto(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2020-08) Chiluiza Toapanta, William Patricio; Paredes Salinas, Juan GilbertoIt posed develop this investigation with the purpose of avoid ignorance in the design of Experiments with mixtures, this is applied to the Mechanical Engineering in the field of composite materials to be able optimize and determinate the best characteristics of the material. The method applied is the design of experiments with mixtures (DOE) the compound of fiberglass, Abaca and Cabuya with the matrix resin polyester applied for the simplexlattice design to determine the optimum mix. It determined a total of ten treatments, and each one forms the one hundred percent of the compound is formed, of which were made 150 specimens to tensile, flexion and impact test with the application of the standards of the ASTM 3039, ASTM 7264 and ASTM 5628 respectively. The results were analyzed to comply the assumptions of normality, equality of variance and waste independence otherwise the data were transformed to adjust the data to BoxCox. The previously analyzed data is passed to Minitab to optimize and determine the best volumetric fraction, finding a percentage of 20.07 for fiberglass, while natural fibers have a percentage of 4.85 percent for Abaca and Cabuya fiber of 5.08 percent. In addition, with the 70 percent Polyester Resin as constant this completes 100 percent of the material composite mix. With this combination it gets better mechanical properties to Traction, Flexion and Impact.Item Análisis del proceso de taladrado del material compuesto de matriz polimérica reforzada con cascarilla de arroz(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Mena Lema, Nataly Maribel; Pérez Salinas, Christian FabiánThe present experimental work is directed to know the influence of the parameters of cut, in the superficial quality of the process of drilling in a composite with polymeric matrix (83%) and reinforcement of husk of rice (17%), whose main application is directed to the construction area as a replacement for wood and plaster. The experimental design used is the SURFACE METHOD OF ANSWER, with which 104 work combinations are obtained, by using a composite central design that employs two categorical factors (type of resin and drill) and two continuous (velocity of spindle and forward), as well as the development of two replicas. Once the data was analyzed, the global optimum point was obtained, which made reference to the best individual optimum. It achieved the combination with the minimum surface roughness and the minimum delamination factor. With a composite desirability of 0.725; the combination with the best results is the polyester resin + rice husk composite, which obtained a roughness of 1,167μm, an input delamination factor of 1,3175, and an output delamination factor of 1,5348; with a drill for Kevlar with N = 468.63 rpm and Vf = 82.72 mm / min. Additionally, a water absorption technology test was developed with the ASTM-D570 standard, where after 864 hours of immersion in distilled water, the test pieces recorded an increase of 3.2% in the epoxy matrix and 5.54% in the polyester matrix, thus noting that the first has greater resistance to moisture.Item Análisis estadístico de las propiedades mecánicas a tracción, flexión e impacto del material híbrido con fibra de vidrio y abacá en matriz polimérica de resina poliéster, para determinar la mejor configuración(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Erazo Sánchez, Henry David; Paredes Salinas, Juan GilbertoItem Análisis del proceso de ranurado en materiales compuestos: fibra natural (FN) + fibra de vidrio (FV) + resina poliéster y fibra natural (FN) + resina poliéster(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Vásquez Manzano, Edwin Patricio; Paredes Salinas, Juan GilbertoNatural fiber reinforced plastic composites are recognized for their inherent properties at the time of being part of structural components, however, the milling of this type of materials present great sensitivity when evaluating the surface quality associated with the characteristics of the material itself, To study this concept, it has been established to develop an experimental work based on analyzing the grooving process, which was tested on three different fiber reinforced polyester matrix composites: abaca plus glass, cabuya plus glass and coconut. The analysis carried out consists in varying the cutting parameters (cutting speed, feed rate and tool), as well as generating an optimal combination that allows to establish a surface quality such as: surface roughness (Ra) and delamination factor (Fd). In the same way, for the development of the trial an experimental plan was established, based on the design of DOE experiments and the analysis of variance ANOVA, considering pre-set cutting parameters and established in bibliographic sources: tool's data sheet and bibliography used for tools HSC and HSS. With the analyzed and synthesized data an optimal condition was established to obtain a minimum surface roughness (Ra) and a minimum delamination factor (Fd) by using an HSC tool, in the same way applying a cutting speed of 60 m / min and 0.10 mm/rev feed rate for fiber reinforced composites: abaca plus glass and coconut. And for the cabuya wile glass fiber reinforced composites inclines by a feed rate of 0.15 mm/rev for the case of the surface rugosity (Ra), likewise, for the abaca wile glass fiber reinforced composites a speed was fixed of cutting speed of 48m / min in order to obtain a minimum delamination factor (Fd).Item Obtención de un material compuesto de matriz poliéster y lana de oveja para evaluar el comportamiento mecánico(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Espín Medina, Christian Xavier; Espín Lagos, Segundo ManuelThe production of sheep wool is one of the natural resources that are not used at present, its cost is relatively low and friendly to the environment, so in the present experimental project a composite material was developed that is based on a polyester resin matrix and reinforcement configuration of sheep wool, in which two types of volumetric fractions were taken 70% matrix - 30% reinforcement and 60% matrix - 40% reinforcement, two types of configurations were also made of reinforcement: discontinuity to the longitudinal axis and discontinuity to the transverse axis. The manufacturing of the specimens was carried out in a compression steel mold. The tensile and bending tests were carried out in the Metalmecánico Carrocero Productive Production Center and the impact test was carried out in the Materials Laboratory of the Faculty of Civil and Mechanical Engineering. By means of tensile, bending and impact tests performed on the specimens and under ASTM D3039-00, ASTM D7264-07 and ASTM D5628-10 standards respectively, the composite material that obtained the best mechanical characteristics was determined, being this group 2 the which is composed of 70% polyester matrix and 30% sheep wool, with a configuration of discontinuity to the transverse axis.