Ingeniería Mecánica

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    Análisis de los efectos de las cargas dinámicas durante el impacto frontal de autobuses sobre los pasajeros
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-09) Guananga Guevara, Luis Leonardo; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
    This thesis work analyzed the behavior of the superstructure of a bus subjected to a dynamic frontal crash, using the Ecuadorian regulation NTE INEN 1688- Intraregional, interprovincial and intraprovincial public passenger transport vehicles. The purpose is to analyze the injuries produced in a dynamic frontal crash of interprovincial buses, which will be evaluated according to the criteria of regulation R80 of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The regulation is based on a real situation of a standardized dynamic frontal crash. For the analysis of the superstructure, the front part of the passengers was considered, three simulations were carried out: without seat belt, with two-point and three-point seat belt, in each test a hybrid III dummy was used, which is placed in a mobile structure that has an acceleration pulse as indicated in the R80 UNECE regulation. With the investigation of the results obtained, it was demonstrated that the use of twopoint and three-point seat belts provide a similar behavior in the dummy when simulating a frontal crash of the selected part of the bus structure, so it is very important to place any of these two belts for the passengers, since if they are not used, it shows serious injuries.
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    Análisis de lesiones producidas en el vuelco de autobuses interprovinciales evaluadas según los criterios del reglamento N 95 de la comisión económica para Europa (CEPE) de las naciones unidas utilizando el modelo computacional antropométrico del maniquí ES-2 mediante el software Ansys Ls-dyna Research
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2021-09) Niachimba Muñoz, Joselyn Jessenia; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
    This work details the modeling process of the truss of an interprovincial bus, using the Ecuadorian technical standard NTE INEN 1668 - Intra-regional, interprovincial and intraprovincial for public passenger transport vehicles. The main purpose is to analyze injuries produced in the rollover of interprovincial buses evaluated according to the Regulation N 95 of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). In the initial stage, a diagnosis of the current situation of bus bodies was made, which shows the level of compliance with the requirements of INEN 1323, which refers to the UNECE/ECE R66, which describes that body manufacturers who wish to homologate a bus model must carry out the bus rollover test, to guarantee that the survival space is not invaded. The research concluded that the use of two-point and three-point seat belts gave us similar behavior in the dummies when simulating the rollover of the structure, which demonstrates the importance of using either type, since failure to use them could result in serious damage to passengers.