Ingeniería Mecánica

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Subject: search.filters.subject.FIBRA NATURAL

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Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    Optimización - MSR del material compuesto de matriz epoxi reforzado con fibra natural Chambira (Astrocaryum) y sintética (carbono) mediante infusión de resina al vacío y su incidencia en las propiedades mecánicas
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-03) Palacios Palacios, Milton Enrique; Paredes Salinas, Juan Gilberto
    Today in the field of Materials Engineering there is a great demand to improve the mechanical properties of new materials that are being designed and thus be able to meet the needs that the user requires. The experimental work was carried out under the (MSR) (Box-Behnken) methodology, which establishes three input factors with three levels for each one, thus allowing to determine the orientation of the fibers and the curing temperature. The values considered were: -45, 0, and 45 degrees and the temperature 60, 90, and 120 degrees Celsius. The conformation of the specimens was carried out by means of a vacuum system by infusion, the same one that allowed to obtain better results in the surface of the material avoiding the porosity, later the curing of the material was carried out at the established temperatures, in addition, it was carried out a laser cut. The results obtained from the tensile, bending and impact tests were tabulated and analyzes were carried out, yielding the following results: that the best combination of fibers to obtain an optimal material should be carried out with orientation1 -10.4545 degrees and orientation2 -37 .2727 degrees; that the curing temperature 120 degrees Celsius and the MSR design regression model explains an overall desirability value of 0.5953.
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    Optimización - MSR del material compuesto de matriz epoxi reforzado con fibra natural Chambira (Astrocaryum) y sintética (vidrio) mediante infusión de resina al vacío y su incidencia en las propiedades mecánicas
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-03) Tipantasig Pérez, Johnny Israel; Paredes Salinas, Juan Gilberto
    The present experimental work seeks to determine the optimization of the mechanical properties of the compound developed by means of an Epoxy resin matrix (Aeropoxy), reinforced with two layers of natural chambira fiber (Astrocaryum) and a synthetic glass fiber (Fiber Glass HexForce 7788), using the vacuum resin infusion method, subjected to curing of the specimens to finally fragment them through laser cutting. Applying the Response Surfaces Methodology, the Minitab statistical analysis software was used in which the mechanical properties of the composite material were analyzed, using the Box-Behnken design in which we entered 3 input factors with 3 levels each: Orientation 1 (-45.0.45) degrees, Orientation 2 (-45.0.45) degrees and the temperature (60,90,120) degrees Celsius. In the design, the total number of samples to be obtained was indicated and later the respective treatments were carried out to execute the destructive mechanical tests of each case. These results were validated by complying with the parametric assumptions specified in the design. Through the ANOVA analysis of variance, the global analysis was determined with the best combination of the mechanical properties that interact in the process, which gave us values for orientation 1 of 23.18 degrees, orientation 2 of -10.45 degrees and a temperature of 60 degrees Celsius, also in the global optimization a desirability of 0.5173 was obtained.
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    Caracterización mecánica del material compuesto de matriz poliéster reforzada con fibra natural de totora (Schoenoplectus Californicus) y su posible aplicación en la industria
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-03) Pico Vaca, José Luis; Espín Lagos, Segundo Manuel
    This research project was based on defining the mechanical properties through the characterization of the composite material of Polyester resin and natural reed fiber, with a configuration of continuous fiber distributed longitudinally, in addition three different volumetric fractions were established (90 percent matrix10 percent fiber, 80 percent matrix-20 percent reinforcement, 70 percent matrix 30 percent reinforcement) that correspond to the percentage of the matrix and reinforcement respectively, in order to determine the composite material with the best mechanical performance based on its volumetric fraction . The density of the fiber was determined using the gravimetric method, giving us a density of 0.19 grams / cubic centimeter and a manual stratification was also used for the preparation of the test tubes. For the mechanical characterization, three mechanical tests were carried out: traction, bending and impact, these were carried out under the ASTM D3039, ASTM D7464, ASTM D5628 Standards, respectively. Manual stratification was used to make the specimens, in a mold made of ASTM-A36 structural steel. With the data obtained from the tensile, bending and impact tests, it was determined that the composite material with a volumetric fraction of 70 percent of polyester resin polymer matrix and 30 percent of reed fiber reinforcement presents the best mechanical properties with the following values: a maximum tensile stress of 14.41MPa, Modulus of elasticity of 1036.598MPa, Maximum flexural stress of 71.51MPa, Flexural modulus of 10941.27MPa, and Impact energy of 0.23J
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    Optimización de respuestas múltiples (DOE/MSR) de propiedades mecánicas del material híbrido de matriz epoxi reforzada con fibra sintética (carbono) y natural (Chambira)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-01) Freire Paguay, Diego Romario; Paredes Salinas, Juan Gilberto
    Due to the demand that exists today in Materials Engineering, as the days go by, it has always been sought to help improve the mechanical properties of the new design thus meeting the user's need. The specimens were designed under the methodology (DOE / MSR) (Box – Behnken) which allowed to determine the orientation of the natural fiber, synthetic fiber and the temperature. The values that were considered were -45, 0, 45 degrees and the temperature 60, 90, 120 degrees Celsius. With the help of (Box – Behnken) 15 cases with 3 replicates were determined to determine the mechanical properties. The results obtained from the three tests were tabulated and it was observed that the best combination to obtain the optimum material should be performed with orientation1 45 degrees, orientation2 35 degrees and curing temperature 60 degrees Celsius and the MSR design regression model explains up to 95.61 percent the variability of the properties, with an overall desirability value of 0.989.
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    Análisis del proceso de ranurado en materiales compuestos: fibra natural (FN) + fibra de vidrio (FV) + resina poliéster y fibra natural (FN) + resina poliéster
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Vásquez Manzano, Edwin Patricio; Paredes Salinas, Juan Gilberto
    Natural fiber reinforced plastic composites are recognized for their inherent properties at the time of being part of structural components, however, the milling of this type of materials present great sensitivity when evaluating the surface quality associated with the characteristics of the material itself, To study this concept, it has been established to develop an experimental work based on analyzing the grooving process, which was tested on three different fiber reinforced polyester matrix composites: abaca plus glass, cabuya plus glass and coconut. The analysis carried out consists in varying the cutting parameters (cutting speed, feed rate and tool), as well as generating an optimal combination that allows to establish a surface quality such as: surface roughness (Ra) and delamination factor (Fd). In the same way, for the development of the trial an experimental plan was established, based on the design of DOE experiments and the analysis of variance ANOVA, considering pre-set cutting parameters and established in bibliographic sources: tool's data sheet and bibliography used for tools HSC and HSS. With the analyzed and synthesized data an optimal condition was established to obtain a minimum surface roughness (Ra) and a minimum delamination factor (Fd) by using an HSC tool, in the same way applying a cutting speed of 60 m / min and 0.10 mm/rev feed rate for fiber reinforced composites: abaca plus glass and coconut. And for the cabuya wile glass fiber reinforced composites inclines by a feed rate of 0.15 mm/rev for the case of the surface rugosity (Ra), likewise, for the abaca wile glass fiber reinforced composites a speed was fixed of cutting speed of 48m / min in order to obtain a minimum delamination factor (Fd).
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    Estudio de corte láser por CO2 en materiales compuestos: fibra de vidrio (FV) + resina poliéster, fibra de vidrio (FV) + fibra natural (FN) + resina poliéster
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Rojas Moposita, Rony Rubén; Pérez Salinas, Cristian Fabián
    The present experimental work carried out in two types of materials: composite (glass fiber and polyester resin) and hybrid (fiberglass, cabuya fiber and polyester resin), manufactured by the author in individual plate forms under established specifications were submitted to the laser cutting process by CO2, in order to determine the appropriate parameters that provide a high quality of cut in the aforementioned materials. Experimental cutting tests were carried out in order to define the manipulable parameters and the range of them; These parameters were the power of the machine, the cutting speed and different geometries to evaluate the precision of the process. Once the preliminary tests were carried out, the experimental design (DOE) was carried out to define the different combinations between power, speed and existing cutting geometry with which a number of 36 combinations were determined for each of the materials. The laser machine with which the different cuts were made is of the brand NICE CUT model NC-1612 that has a maximum range of 100W of power and its auxiliary gas is CO2 belonging to MASTER GRAFIC: CNC LASER - CNC ROUTER - CNC PLASMA located in the city of Ambato for what made possible the realization of the tests. The cut quality was evaluated based on the surface roughness (Ra) and the critical temperature (T) of the cut, a Mitutoyo SJ-210 rugosimeter was used to measure the roughness and thermal calculations were carried out to determine the temperature. case called "pulse of energy on a surface"; measurements of surface temperature were taken while cutting with a CEM DT - 8867H pyrometer, thus checking the calculated temperatures. Finally, the optimal parameters that gave a good surface roughness with the lowest critical temperature were defined, which undoubtedly reduces the amount of material burned in the laser cutting process by CO2 thus providing a good quality of cut.
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    Estudio del comportamiento a fatiga mecánica de polímeros compuestos con fibra natural y su incidencia en la aplicación para la fabricación de accesorios de la industria carrocera
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2013-07) Morocho Toaza, Verónica Elizabeth; Guamanquispe Toasa, Jorge Patricio
    En el estudio del comportamiento a fatiga mecánica de polímeros compuestos con fibra natural como: aserrín, cascarilla de arroz y cabuya, se analizó las propiedades mecánicas como el comportamiento de la vida a fatiga mecánica por tracción para la posible aplicación de los mismos en la fabricación de accesorios para la industria carrocera. Para desarrollar el estudio se realizaron ensayos bajo algunos parámetros de la NORMA ASTM D-761 y para las probetas bajo la NORMA ASTM D-638 finalmente se pudo determinar la curva de Wohler para la composición resina poliéster - cabuya mientras que para los materiales restantes resulto ineficiente la combinación de las mismas debido a que la orientación y tamaño de estas fibras no representa datos útiles para ser usados en aplicaciones como la establecida y mediante un análisis estadístico inferencial poder determinar la influencia que pueden tener los polímeros compuestos con fibra natural en la aplicación para la fabricación de accesorios de la Industria Carrocera. Se pudo determinar mediante la regresión una relación matemática del esfuerzo en función del número de ciclos para el material mencionado. El método de ensayo fue utilizar probetas estandarizadas empotradas en los extremos uno fijo y el otro móvil con una frecuencia de 30 Hz, sobre los cuales se generaron fracturas las cuales variaron de acuerdo con el esfuerzo aplicado y mediante un contador electrónico se determinó el número de ciclos hasta la falla y así poder tener la información necesaria para la generación de la curva mencionada con anterioridad. De esta manera se pueden incrementar las ventajas en aspectos como el económico, peso, ambiente porque se estarían aprovechando recursos que antes no han sido tomados en cuenta como lo son las fibras naturales y en especial a la de cabuya.