Ingeniería Mecánica
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Item Diseño y construcción de una grúa techo para personas de tercera edad(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2024-08) Changoluisa Chacha, Jimy David; Ushiña Llamba, Jeremy Bryan; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoThe project focused on addressing a solution to the problems that exist when manually carrying out the transfer of elderly people from one place to another within the home of life "Luis Maldonado Tamayo", the same one that requires considerable physical effort toward both caregivers and residents. About 60 percent of patients have limited mobility, stressing the need for a system that facilitates these transfers and improves their quality of life. A roof crane adapted to the environment of the gerontological center was designed and built. The methodology included the mechanical design of the system by means of finite element analysis tools, ensuring a correct distribution of forces and the appropriate selection of materials. The transfer mechanism was designed to support a maximum load of 70 kilograms. Displacement and mobility performance tests were carried out to ensure the efficiency and performance of the system. Alternatives were evaluated and the most appropriate option was selected considering costs, durability, and ease of assembly. At the end of the project, it was demonstrated that the roof crane significantly reduces the physical effort and the time required for the transfer of patients. The system provided a safe and efficient method for mobilizing older adults, improving the ergonomics of care staff work. The working environment became safer and more comfortable, contributing to the overall improvement of the quality of life of the center's residents.Item Diseño y construcción de una máquina para ejercitar dorsales altos y bajos destinada para el gimnasio del Campus Huachi del centro deportivo de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2024-07) Mopocita Ortiz, Oscar Fabricio; Correa Jácome, Juan FranciscoThis research project focuses on the design and construction of a machine designed to exercise the upper and lower back. The proposed equipment will be delivered to the gym on the Huachi campus of the Sports Center of the Technical University of Ambato. The need arises due to the absence of a machine with these characteristics in this location. To address this challenge, necessary anthropometric body measurements were taken of the students who will frequent this gym, with the purpose of developing an ergonomic design that guarantees optimal health and efficient performance for those who use this new addition. The importance of having ergonomic equipment adapted to the measurements and needs of the users lies in the reduction of injuries derived from inadequate postures or the use of machines not specifically designed for students who practice sports in this environment. To achieve this objective, a rigorous mechanical design process will be carried out using the software tool specialized in this type of designs. In addition, an analysis and simulation will be carried out in CAE engineering, a crucial tool for evaluating parts and assemblies subjected to individual or simultaneous physical phenomena. In the course of this research, electronic devices and specialized software will be used, which will provide detailed mechanical models of the equipment to be developed. From these models, the most efficient design will be selected to carry out the construction of the equipment. In addition, an exhaustive analysis of the parts and assemblies subject to physical phenomena will be carried out, allowing a comprehensive validation of the project. It should be noted that the materials necessary for the construction of the machinery will be purchased locally, within the province of Tungurahua. These materials will undergo mechanical processes during the assembly and construction of the equipment, thus ensuring the quality and efficiency of the final product. Keywords: Anthropometry, ergonomics, properties, mechanics, mechanical design, physical phenomenItem Diseño y construcción de una cabina de lijado para el área de pintura de la empresa Ciudad del Auto CIAUTO Cía. Ltda. de la ciudad de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2024-01) Moya Carranza, Diego Esteban; Correa Jácome, Juan FranciscoThis technical project arises from the need to solve the problem of production flow in the painting area of the company Ciudad del Auto Ciauto Cia Ltda. Due to the expansion in equipment and space, dead times have been generated in the sanding area and it is not possible to meet the quota of daily units that must go through this process. Because of this, it is intended to implement an additional sanding booth in the area that responds to the available space and the direction of the production flow. Initially, the production flow and the space in the painting area were analyzed to assign the area where the sanding booth will be built. Once the area was designated, through an investigation of the operation of a sanding booth, its structure was designed with the corresponding dimensions. Materials and methods of air injection and extraction were selected to take advantage of the space and equipment already installed in the plant. Once the design was approved, the cabin was built in compliance with the parameters established in the design and adapting part of the existing infrastructure. The implementation of the sanding booth represented a considerable improvement in the production flow of the area since the production quota in the sanding area was covered and exceeded. The space where the cabin was built was used to contribute to production by providing tools for the workers in the area.Item Diseño y construcción de un giroscopio para el Laboratorio de Física de la Carrera de Mecánica de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-03) Ledesma Cárdenas, Oscar Francisco; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoThis project presents the need to offer the opportunity to carry out the experimentation practices and mandatory regulatory tests that the educational, productive, industrial and reseach sectors of the province and the country currently require. Reinforcing teaching so that students can gain a better understanding of the physical laws governing gyroscopes. The present reseach project focused on the design and costruction of a gyroscope, for which the corresponding studies were carried out regarding the appropriate dimensions of the device according to the place where it will be located and the designs available in the market, afterwards the designs was carried out in a mechanical modeling software, then the analytical design calculations were performed to verify that the device resists without suffering material fatigue failures due to the forces exerted by it. Once verified, we proceeded the construction of each of the constituent elements of the gyroscope to finally assemble it. At the end of the assembly, the corresponding tests were carried out to verify its correct operation in order to deliver it to the Physics Laboratory of the Technical University of Ambato.Item Diseño de un sistema para clasificar y contar truchas Arco Iris hasta 33 gramos de peso(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-09) Mora Hernández, Jonathan Mauricio; Pujos Alcaciega, Jonathan Sebastian; Guamanquispe Toasa, Jorge PatricioThis technical project addresses the problems generated during the process of classification and quantification of rainbow trout, which in the country is done manually and by hand, increasing production time and costs. For the elaboration of this project, bibliographic information was compiled on the development stages of the species, as well as its morphology, allowing the development of a study to obtain relationships between weight - width and weight - length of the fish. During this study, a grading method was developed by means of troughs coupled to a chain transmission system and a water ramp for the humidification of the trout. Infrared sensors with PLC programming were used for quantification, to obtain a continuous process. The result was the design of a semi-automatic grading and quantification system made of AISI 304 L stainless steel in the components in contact with the fish, using polymers in the reduction trays and in the hydration system. The classification system uses chutes whose opening is controlled by regulating verniers obtaining exact values for the minimum and maximum size to be classified. The counting system uses infrared sensors that generate a light sweep that when interrupted by the trout generates a pulse that is processed in the PLC, thus obtaining a continuous process with a capacity of 10000 fish per hour.Item Diseño y simulación de una laminadora de sobremesa con capacidad de 10 kg para la producción de films biodegradables, mediante un software especializado para el laboratorio de materiales de la Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2021-09) Chicaiza Lema, Wilmer Vidal; López Villacis, Jorge EnriqueTo define the design of the laminating equipment, in the production of biodegradable films (films), which is an alternative in the packaging or packaging of food products, a weighting technique (prioritization matrix) is applied based on several variables or design parameters. In order to determine the parameters of the starch mixture, information was collected concerning its characteristics, origin and chemical properties. Shigley's mechanical engineering design book was used to determine or calculate design parameters such as roller diameter, conveyor belt speeds and central shafts, shear forces, bending moments, torques and loads acting on the transmission system. The raw material for the structure of the equipment, rollers, shafts, steel plates were extracted from catalogs of suppliers in the country, which are detailed in the respective section. An analysis and simulation of the thermal flow that acts in the rolling mill, as well as in the drying process of the film that occurs after the exit of the equipment was carried out. With this, a comparison was made between the results of the specialized software and calculations made. For a future process of construction of the equipment, the cost of the project and the generation of plans were realized.Item Diseño y construcción de un elevador tipo grúa geriátrica para el traslado de personas con dependencia funcional dentro las instalaciones del centro de atención integral para el adulto mayor del cantón Patate(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2021-02) Cox Lozada, Marlon Fernando; López Velástegui, Jorge EnriqueIn the present work, the design and construction of a geriatric crane-type elevator was carried out, in order to carry out the transfer of people with functional dependence on the bed to their wheelchair or other resting place in a safe way for both the patient and the patient. for the nursing staff who perform manipulation of the patient. In the initial part, the information was collected to establish the edge conditions, once established, the bending design of the beams was carried out and their maximum deformation was calculated according to the Von Mises theory of failure, the same that is within within acceptable ranges without generating interference between machine components. To complement the design of the structure, the simulation was carried out using Solid Works software where the load and displacement restrictions were applied, resembling the real working conditions, the results obtained were favorable both in displacement and in the distribution of efforts in the elements of the geriatric crane. Using the REBA method, it was possible to know the risk to which the nursing staff is exposed when performing manual manipulation of patients; once the geriatric lift was implemented, this value decreased and an acceptable risk was reachedItem Diseño de un mecanismo para controlar el movimiento de flexión - extensión corta para los dedos de una protesis de mano(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Garcés Yancha, Luis Alejandro; San Antonio Serrano, Thalia DaniellaThe main objective of this technical project was the designing of a mechanism to move the phalanges of a hand prosthesis, the same ones that simulate the grappling and forceps pressure movement to help people that suffer a type of hand amputation disability, at the same time to be of interest to local manufacturers of mechanic prosthesis that currently work empirically. For the development, several analyses were used starting from the ergonomic study of the human right hand, reaching several entities from metal mechanic sector for taking the anthropometric measures with the objective of stylize the design of the prosthesis. In addition, it was considered the alternative of analyzing the four crossed bars mechanism by using software to interpret their trajectory, speed and acceleration; these issues are important ought to the prosthesis must be sensitive and refined for the patient as interpreted by the standard ISO 13405-3. The activation of the mechanism was achieved by a direct current micromotor, directly connected to a transmission and the mechanism. The prototype was manufactured by using 3D printing technology with local distribution material.Item Diseño y construcción de una máquina tendedora de tela para la microempresa textil “GRUPO K&L(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Jiménez Tisalema, Omar Ricardo; Guamanquispe Toasa, Jorge PatricioThe present technical project focuses on the design, construction and performance testing of a technology tensioning machine for the K & L Group microenterprise. The purpose of this machine is to optimize the process of spreading material on a cutting table, reducing the time of labor. In contrast, at present this process is carried out by two workers in a rudimentary way. The machine consists of two subsets of very important mechanical elements such as the cutting table where the spreading is carried out for subsequent tracing of the mold and cutting into aligned blocks. Additionally, there is a mobile cart in charge of supporting the weight of a fabric roll which is moving longitudinally over the table. A structural study was carried out on the mechanical elements by F.E.M. in the ANSYS ACADEMIC software, where displacement forces and restrictions were applied. Favorable results were observed, such as the maximum deformations according to the Von Mises fault theory, which did not significantly affect the structure. For the construction of the machine, resistant materials such as structural steel A-36 are used. In addition, an easy adhesion base was applied to the entire metal structure thus, avoiding corrosion. Lastly, two layers of white paint were admistered for a better presentation.Item Diseño y construcción de un JIG de ensamble de anclajes y plataforma en el proceso de fabricación de estructuras metálicas para buses interprovinciales modelo Silver Plus-Glass en chasis Hino AK de la carrocería Patricio Cepeda de la ciudad de Ambato, periodo octubre 2016 – marzo 2017(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017-07) Durán Caguana, John Jairo; Peña Jordán, Francisco AgustínThis research project was carried out because Patricio Cepeda a company dedicated to the manufacture of buses does not have a matrix or JIG for the assembly of anchors and platform, resulting in alterations in measurements already established on the planes of the body. We collected information on assembly dies for metal bus structures as well as analyzed the current process of manufacturing anchorages and platform for interprovincial buses Silver Plus-Glass. This way to helped to select the best alternative solution that involved the optimization of materials and time as well as to facilitate the process of assembly of anchors and platform to the frame of the chassis, knowing that the bodies with greater demand are interprovincial models Silver Plus and Glass. With the knowledge and identification of the parts that conformed the matrix, the mechanical design of each one of them was carried out, through manuals, calculations and normative studies, the matrix was modeled in a design software. Finally, the matrix for the assembly of anchors and platform for the HINO AK chassis is elaborated, at the same time, performance tests were carried out to guarantee the correct performance of the matrix.