Nutrición y Dietética

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/33812

Browse

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Determinación del porcentaje de grasa en los adolescentes de 12 a 18 años asociada a factores socio demográficos
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-05-01) Galarza Barragán, Rebeca Karolina; Quiroga Torres, Tannia Elizabeth Mg.
Currently, overweight and obesity constitute a global problem that affects the majority of adolescents, particularly in Latin America. In our country, it is estimated that 26% of the population has malnutrition due to excess linked to poor diet and factors that influence their development. Therefore, the objective of this work is to determine the relationship between fat percentage and associated sociodemographic factors in adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. For this reason, a descriptive observational correlational methodology with a transversal, qualitative and quantitative approach was used, with a study sample of 253 students to whom the questionnaire on sociodemographic factors was applied and anthropometric measurements were taken. As a result, it was obtained that the adolescents had an average BMI of 22.24 kg/m²; The majority of adolescents (64.4%) according to the BMI/Age indicator have a normal nutritional status, 3.2% are malnourished and 28.5% are underweight. When we talk about overweight and obesity, the percentages are 3.2% and 0.8% respectively. In Height/Age, a predominance was obtained in normal height (60.9) and large normal height (25.3%). Regarding the percentage of fat, it was found that 64.4% had a normal percentage, 8.7% high and 25.3% very high, being higher in women than in men. In addition, a relationship was obtained between the percentage of fat and sex (p = 0.024), with the female gender predominating; No significant linear relationship was obtained with other sociodemographic data.
Ingesta alimentaria en relación a la composición corporal en jugadores de básquet de la categoría intermedia y superior
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-05-01) Zurita Montes de Oca, Gilson Alexander; Galarza Esparza, William Bayardo ND, Mg.
The purpose of this project was to analyze dietary intake and body composition with the influence of physical performance in adolescents who play basketball and train to become professionals in a high-performance club in Ambato. The study was descriptive, cross-sectional. We worked with a sample of 25 adolescent athletes between 12 and 17 years old: 18 women and 7 men. Food intake was evaluated through a consumption frequency survey, body composition through a bioimpedance technological tool, and physical performance through a Cooper Test physical test. The results were obtained through the Pearson Chi square statistical test for the crossing of variables, where it was demonstrated that according to all the indicators there is no significant relationship between food intake and body composition in athletes. However, there was a relationship (p<0.05) between other factors that are important in the athlete, such as physical performance with body composition and nutritional status with physical performance and energy that encompasses the athlete's total calories. It can be concluded that the imbalance of macro and micronutrients influences the physical performance of the athlete, especially in the female sex, since in adolescence she undergoes many physical, hormonal, psychological, and social changes that generate dietary alterations. It is recommended to evaluate food intake through a dietary reminder for a maximum of 3 days to have more accurate calculations
Seguridad alimentaria y estado nutricional en niños y adolescentes indígenas de Chibuleo
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-05-01) Supe Chacha, Melanie Tatiana; Viteri Robayo PhD., Carmen Patricia
Food security is affected by economic constraints and a lack of resources, in order to be able to access necessary food and thus maintain an adequate and balanced diet for an optimal nutritional status. The objective was to study the food security and nutritional status of indigenous children and adolescents in each of the seven hamlets of the community of Chibuleo: San Francisco, San Luis, San Alfonso, San Pedro, Chacapungo, San Miguel and Pataló Alto in order to identify food and nutritional risks; an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional research. The sample consisted of 208 households and 249 children and adolescents between 5 and 17 years of age. To identify socio-demographic characteristics, data were collected on gender, the hamlet in which the household resides, basic services, heads of household, and basic remuneration received. To analyse the level of food security of the households, the Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA) was used, consisting of 15 questions, which was applied to the heads of household, as for the nutritional status of the children and adolescents, anthropometric data were collected, such as weight and height, using the indicators weight/age, height/age, and BMI/age. The results showed that 50% of the population was slightly food insecure, 41.3% was moderately food insecure and 3.8% was severely food insecure, as a result of the lack of economic resources, which prevents a safe diet, and only 4.8% of the population was food secure. In terms of nutritional status, 55.8% of the children and adolescents were underweight for their age (chronic malnutrition), while 70.3% were of normal weight for their age, although low percentages of overweight, obesity and underweight were identified.