Centro de Posgrado

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Adaptación pictográfica de la escala de Lawton y Brody auto evaluable en el adulto mayor
(2025-03-11) Erazo Barona, Lissette Katherine; Moscoso Córdova, Grace Verónica; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados
During the aging process, changes occur that affect various areas of the body, leading to a decrease in physical function and motor ability. These changes can restrict or reduce the ability to perform activities of daily living, especially the more complex ones, known as instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). These include tasks such as using the telephone, housekeeping, preparing meals, shopping, doing laundry, managing finances, taking medication, and using public transportation. Therefore, there is a need to assess functionality in the elderly population using the LawtonBrody Scale, a widely recognized instrument for measuring people's ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The functionality of elderly people from four cantons belonging to the province of Tungurahua was assessed, which is particularly important because this region, like many others, faces a progressive demographic aging. This implies that more and more people will reach advanced ages, and therefore, it is crucial to identify possible functional impairments early. This will allow the design and implementation of interventions aimed at improving their quality of life and maintaining their autonomy for as long as possible. The research identified the need to implement a modification of the scale to facilitate selfassessment of functionality. For this reason, it is very important to adapt the Lawton-Brody Scale pictographically, which would allow the elderly population to self-assess in a more accessible and understandable way, in this way they can know their functional status and request help in time if necessary. The use of simple visual representations of the activities to be assessed is especially beneficial for those people with cognitive difficulties or reading limitations, as it reduces comprehension barriers and promotes a more intuitive assessment. This adaptation not only facilitates the direct participation of older adults in their own assessment, but would also improve the accuracy of the results by better reflecting their personal perception of their functional abilities.
Adherencia al ejercicio mediante telerehabilitación cardíaca en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2022-02-01) Noguera Puga, Jorge René; Maridueña Arciniegas Dra. Esp., Verónica Paulina
Following the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, healthcare systems were impacted by the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, which had an impact on care models. Because of these interruptions in care, the implementation of a cardiac telerehabilitation program was sought through video calls. For this reason, the aim of the present study was to determine adherence to exercise through cardiac telerehabilitation in patients with heart failure. This vision seeks for older adults to benefit, through exercise, by reducing or controlling cardiovascular risk factors, thus improving their quality of life and survival. Methodologically, a quali-quantitative approach was applied, the Morisky-Green test; and the results that we measured in Phase I, of the total sample, 5 patients presented low adherence, answering 3 and 4 questions affirmatively, 45.5% of the sample; 4 patients presented moderate adherence, 1 or 2 positive answers, 36.4% of the sample; and 2 patients with high adherence, 4 negative answers equivalent to 18.2%. And at the end of the Phase III intervention, 11 patients answered 4 questions negatively, high adherence, which corresponds to 100% of the sample. When processing with xvii Wilcoxon signed Rank test, if the null hypothesis was rejected, defining that the treatment is adhered for the elderly; And to confirm the benefits of the program, in a cross-sectional and descriptive type, the results of the SPPB test are correlated, when processing with MannWhitney U we point out that it is false since it did not present significance in the scores obtained accepting the nullity of the hypothesis denoting that when starting the program 2 elderly adults are qualified as frail with great limitations, equivalent to 18. 2% and moderate frailty presented 9 which corresponds to 81.8%; and in Phase III adults with mild frailty 2 adults corresponding to 18.2% and without frailty 9 adults corresponding to 9%; And when describing the results of the M6M, at the beginning of the program 11 patients presented bad performance, 100% and at the end of the program 8 patients presented bad performance, 72.7%; 1 patient presented moderate performance, 9.1% and 2 patients reached meters that were considered good performance, which is equivalent to 18.2%.
Adherencia al Tratamiento en Enfermedades Crónicas de la Población Geriátrica de la Parroquia San Miguelito, Perteneciente al Cantón Pillaro-Provincia Tungurahua.
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Padilla Vinueza, Verónica Elizabeth Md.; Morales Solís, Jorge Marcelo Dr.
The adherence to the treatment in the geriatric population world-wide is a controversial topic, it is influenced by different causes, such as associated factors to the patient, medication, environmental factors, physician/patient interaction and lack of family support, are the ones that directly affect the patients with chronic diseases, with continual medication like diabetes and arterial hypertension. The methods to determine the adherence to the treatment were applicable and simple; the Morisky Green Levine was used, four questions were applied to the sample population with yes/no answer; furthermore, it was complemented with the patient´s file, approved by the ethical committee with which the associated factors that influenced on the treatment fulfillment were determined. Within the results, it is established that by means of the Morisky Test and according to the given standards for it, it is possible to determine that the 69,9% of patients is not suitable for the treatment and that only the 30,01% is and according to the associated factors in a familiar stable circle and those who live alone, considering it a factor of risk to the importance for the adherence. In fact, the 21,5% of them live alone and a 78,5% live with their family or at least with a person. About knowing the name of the prescribed medicament, the 26,9% knows it and a great percentage 73,1% does not know anything about the name of the prescribed medicament. Talking about the awareness of the sickness, a high percentage as much as the 81,7% of patients has little or no knowledge of what the sickness is, as well as the complications that can be involved and only the 18,3% of them knows what their sickness is about, but in a rather superficial way, which means they don’t know about its implications.
Adherencia terapéutica en adultos mayores con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2.
(2025-12-17) Ramírez Arévalo, Nathaly Nicole; Pachucho Flores, Ana Pamela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is considered a chronic condition that predominantly affects the elderly population and requires ongoing management to reduce metabolic complications. However, adherence to treatment is generally limited by emotional, social, and cultural factors that affect the patient and their family environment. Objective: To analyze therapeutic adherence in the elderly population with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus treated at the Totoras Type B Health Center and to describe the factors that influence compliance. Method: This is a mixed-method, crosssectional study. In the qualitative phase, information was collected through semistructured interviews with family members and caregivers, analyzed using Braun and Clarke's Reflective Thematic Analysis, and the quantitative phase was developed using the Morisky-Green Test (MMAS-8) on a population of 60 older adults diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus “DM2” who were treated at the Totoras Health Center. Results: It was found that 1.7% of participants showed adherence to therapeutic adherence, while 28.3% showed moderate adherence, and 70% of participants showed low adherence. From a family perspective, the difficulties that prevent adherence to treatment include the number of medications, lack of support, economic barriers, and preferences for natural medicine practices. Conclusions: Therapeutic adherence in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus is related to cultural, economic, and family factors. Family support is essential for full treatment adherence, so it is necessary to implement therapeutic education and support strategies from the first level of care.
Adiestramiento en la relajación progresiva para disminuir la ansiedad precompetitiva en deportistas
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-09-01) Céspedes Guachamboza, Danilo AlejandroPsc. Cl.; Larzabal Fernández, Aitor Lcdo. MSc.
Pre-competitive anxiety is established as a factor that can affect an adequate sports performances (Vaca, 2017) generating the need to execute techniques aimed at reducing this pre-competitive anxiety, such as relaxation techniques and, especially, training in progressive relaxation (Parás, et al, 2017). This research project corresponds to a review on the effectiveness of training in progressive relaxation to reduce pre-competitive anxiety in athletes. This research has a quantitative and quasi-experimental design, in which the Revised Competitive Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2R) was applied to 26 athletes from the athletics and chess disciplines, who were between 18 and 19 years old, 30 minutes prior to the competition. Subsequently, 6 training sessions in progressive relaxation (PRA) were executed and finally, a post-test was carried out on the instrument in question. In this way, a statistically significant decrease in the levels of cognitive and somatic anxiety was found in the post-test of the experimental group, while in the control group, both pre-test and post-test did not present a statistically significant difference. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the levels of self-confidence corresponding to the pre-test and post-test of the 2 research groups. Therefore, this technique denotes its effectiveness in reducing cognitive and somatic anxiety in athletes, prior to a competition. Finally, this contribution suggests more research in relation to the use of relaxation techniques in its different modalities in order to compare the effectiveness of the variants on these techniques aimed at reducing precompetitive anxiety.
Agotamiento emocional y estrategias de resiliencia en el personal de la salud periodo 2020- 2021.
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-09-01) Montero Espinoza, Marcela de Lourdes Ps. Cl.; Tapia Figueroa, Diego Giovanni PhD.
The objective of this research work was the development of a workshop guide to improve resilience strategies and avoid future emotional exhaustion of health personnel, this guide has the main goal of being an effective and efficient tool that provides coping strategies for improve their resilience and therefore acquire greater control against emotional exhaustion or also called "burnout" at the Health Center No. 1 Type B in Esmeraldas. The population to which this investigation is applied is made up of 40 hospital personal from different health areas such as nursing, psychology, administration, among others; and a convenience sample will be used because they were chosen at random without having a history of burnout, it is a quantitative investigation of explanatory scope of an cuasi- experimental type and of longitudinal cut since a before and after having applied the guideline is measured workshops with the taking of instruments; To know the characteristics of the population, the sociodemographic record was used, which was completed using the interview technique, an informed consent and burnout and resilience were measured through the psychometric technique with the instrument of The Maslach Burnout Inventory MBI) and with the Wagnyld and Young resilience scale; A workshop guide consisting of introduction, development and conclusion was applied and each of these are adapted in a dynamic and entertaining way so that the message arrives directly since the subject matter is learned in a practical way, this guide consists of six sessions of 40 to 50 minutes, which were applied twice a week and changes are determined in aspects such as: emotional intelligence, burnout and personal fulfillment, which confirms the effectiveness of the technique.
Análisis de la capacidad funcional cardiorrespiratoria en pacientes de 30 a 60 años post COVID-19 del Hospital Alfredo Noboa, 2021.
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2022-02-01) Inca Robalino. Lcdo. Ft., Darío David; Sandoval Velásquez, Gabriela Lcda. Magister.
Functional capacity describes the physiological capacity that supports the execution of physical tasks that demand intervention of the cardiorespiratory system. Patients post COVID 19, for this reason the present study sets the objective, to analyze the cardiorespiratory functional capacity in patients aged 30 to 60 years post COVID19. From this perspective, it aims to understand which parameters are affected in cardiorespiratory capacity and thus be able to improve the quality of life of patients through adequate and individualized rehabilitation. Methodology, a quantitative and qualitative approach was applied, as well as the 6-minute walk test that measures cardiorespiratory functional capacity, we worked with a total of 25 patients who attended the Alfredo Noboa Hospital. Results, it was evidenced with a p value 0.001 <0.05, the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative was rejected and it was concluded that there is a significant effect due to commotion on the cardiorespiratory functional capacity of patients 30 to 60 years after COVID 19, that is say at least one of the average distances traveled by patients is different. Keywords. Functional capacity, COVID 19, comorbidity.
Análisis de la pisada mediante el examen físico y la podoscopia para evaluar la fascitis plantar en militares
(2025-09-23) Checa Aguirre, Jesica Maritza; Cantuña Vallejo, Paúl Fernando; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados
Plantar fasciitis is a common inflammatory and degenerative pathology in military personnel, associated with prolonged standing, long marches, and carrying heavy loads. It represents a significant cause of decreased physical performance and quality of life. Early diagnosis can reduce the functional impact and costs associated with its treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the type of gait and its relationship with podoscopy and physical examination of the foot in military personnel with plantar fasciitis. This study conducted a correlational study of 40 military personnel with foot pain treated at the Agrucomge Type "B" Health Center at the Rumiñahui Military Fort in Quito, Pichincha province, from June to August 2024. These patients were selected using non-probability convenience sampling and applied inclusion and exclusion criteria. A gait type assessment was performed to categorize military personnel based on the Helbing Line and compare it with the foot type presented by military personnel based on the physical examination with the height of the scaphoid bone and the plantar arch index (PAI). The results revealed a high frequency of flat feet and pronated gait in military personnel, followed by normal feet with pronated gait, with no association between gait type and foot type in plantar fasciitis (p=>0.05). The conclusion is that plantar fasciitis is a multifactorial pathology. The physical examination could be complemented with podoscopy to detect structural and biomechanical foot abnormalities that would aid clinical evaluation, especially in military personnel.
ANÁLISIS DE LA SUSCEPTIBILIDAD A ANTIFÚNGICOS Y EVALUACIÓN DE FACTORES DE RIESGO ASOCIADOS EN CEPAS DE CANDIDA SPP. AISLADAS DE SECRECIONES VAGINALES EN MUJERES DE 22 A 65 AÑOS
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados, 2024-10-14) Alquinga Lovato, Jenny Carolina; Moina Veloz, Álvaro Paúl
Candida spp. is a fungus that can be found in the vagina, causing vulvovaginal candidiasis (VC) causing gynecological problems in different ages, including those with diabetes, producing an impact on physical health, and their intimate relationships, commonly used as treatment azoles, the prognosis is good and curative, but if the predisposing factors of mycosis are not corrected a new reinfection occurs. Species identification was performed with CHROMagar candida and Biggy nickerson as control agar, in addition, antifungal susceptibility testing was performed along with a closed-question survey to identify risk factors associated with VC. To analyze antifungal susceptibility and evaluate the associated risk factors in Candida spp.strains isolated from vaginal secretions in women aged 22 to 65 years and to develop an algorithm for the identification and characterization of Candida spp. strains. The methodology has a descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional approach, involves the collection of a vaginal swab sample, the information and data were obtained during the course of the research. The results obtained represent the susceptibility profile circulating in this health center and could be potentially useful for monitoring and guiding treatment. When testing for susceptibility to antifungals C. albicans, C. parapsilosis were sensitive to fluconazole and voriconazole in 100%, C. glabrata was SDD for fluconazole, voriconazole has no cut-off point and C. krusei presented sensitivity to voriconazole, fluconazole shows intrinsic resistance. krusei presented sensitivity to voriconazole, fluconazole shows intrinsic resistance, within the risk factors we have the active sexual life, diabetes, which proposes to implement preventive measures to avoid recurrence of vaginal infections, for this reason it is necessary to expand the research in other populations such as pregnant women, patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and minors.
Aplicación de estrategias de estimulación sensorial para niños con retraso psicomotor menores de 5 años
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud / Centro de posgrados, 2022-05-01) Chato Rochina, Lorena Alejandra; Grace Verónica, Moscoso Córdova Lic. Mg.
Currently there are various drawbacks in the psychomotor development of children, this is due to the limited stimulation they have received as a result of the pandemic, in addition to the difficulties in the child's sensory area, which makes it difficult to adapt to the environment as well as consequences in the educational field. For this reason, the objective of the research is to determine the level of psychomotor development of children from 3 to 5 years of age who attend the Huambalo type B health center to identify the criteria that allow the elaboration of sensory stimulation strategies for their application in the children population; An extensive bibliographic review is necessary to understand, understand and theoretically base the research based on the variables under study such as sensory stimulation and psychomotor development. The methodology used has a quantitative, descriptive and prospective approach, using the Denver II Test as a research tool in areas such as personal-social, fine-adaptive motor, language and large motor; in a total of 30 children aged 3, 4 and 5 years of the Health Center type B Huambalo, obtaining as results that in the social personal more than 50% in the different ages is in the doubtful alternative, as well as fine motor that at the age of 3 years is 75% in the same alternative, in the language area it is established with greater inconveniences at the age of 3 years with 58% and finally in large motor in the three ages it is between 58% and 63% at the doubtful age. Highlighting as a conclusion that in the adaptive fine motor area in most children it was observed in the dimension of doubtful, that is, the children evaluated do not develop coordinated movements, do not have adequate control in their fine movements and have difficulty in actions according to their age.
Aplicación de facilitación neuromuscular propioceptiva, para mejorar la condición muscular en adultos mayores con artrosis de rodilla
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-07-01) Valente Anilema, Iván Patricio Lic.; Robalino Morales, Gabriela Estefanía Lic. Mg
Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most frequent diseases that affects the joint, a product of biomechanical stress causing pain, joint stiffness and decreased functional capacity in an older adult. For this reason, this research project aims to investigate the effectiveness of the application of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation to improve muscle condition in older adults with knee osteoarthritis, based on a prospective quasi-experimental quantitative study with a population of 26 older adults from the daytime gerontological center of the Municipal GAD of the Canton of Colta. The treatment was to apply the PNF technique such as rhythmic initiation, a combination of isotonics, inversion of antagonists, and repetition, the study began with a small survey to identify sociodemographic variables (age, sex, marital status) and evaluated with the WOMAC survey before and after the intervention. This survey helped to show whether or not there was pain, joint stiffness, functional capacity and noticeably checking alterations in them. At the end of the treatment with the PNF exercises, a new assessment was carried out to see whether conditions improved in this population. PNF exercises were very useful in significantly reducing pain, joint stiffness and functional capacity. To verify the effectiveness of PNF exercises, the Wilcoxon test was applied, which resulted in P = 0.00. This means that the null hypothesis is rejected, verifying that the PNF exercises that were carried out in this investigation were effective.
Aplicación de fotometría reflectante y microscopia digital en el diagnóstico de infecciones de vías urinarias
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Centro de Posgrados, 2022-12) Cajas Vilema Lcdo. MG, Jorge Patricio; Monge Moreno MG.BQF., Adriana Monserrath
Antimicrobial resistance is a growing global problem, which also affects the common etiological agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and may involve increased mortality without proper treatment. There are different resistances at the outpatient versus nosocomial level that must be taken into account, any use of anti-biotics causes selective pressure on the microbiome by eliminating susceptible bacteria and increases the risk of infections by resistant bacteria. Therefore, a study was carried out at the Calderón General Hospital in the city of Quito, where 684 urine samples from outpatient, emergency and internal medicine patients were analyzed, in which Urine Culture was requested to correlate the parameters of EMO with Urine Culture. The EMO was performed in the Laura XL team, the chemical analysis, and digital microscopy, the chemical in an automated way in the Laura XL team, where the parameters of leukocytes and nitrites were taken into account for the microscopic analysis the values of leukocytes and bacteria were collected. For the urine culture we isolated the colonies, made a quantitative count and identified the most common uropathogens in patients, making a presumptive recognition. In the samples analyzed, it was found that 63% of requests for urine culture correspond to women, and it was shown that the diagnosis of UTI occurs more frequently in adult women as geriatrics. Of the samples analyzed, the positive urine cultures were 29%, in which the most frequent bacterium was E. coli.
Aplicación de la técnica de liberación miofascial en puntos gatillo del trapecio para aliviar el dolor cervical
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-07-01) Guamán Capito, Cecilia Natividad Lcda. Ft.; Díaz Cevallos. Lcda. Ft. Mg, Ana Cristina
Neck pain is a problem that affects a large part of the population, especially workers. Usually there are palpable pain-causing nodules called trigger points, which can be treated using the myofascial release technique. The objective of the study was to apply the myofascial release technique within the treatment protocol on the trigger point of the trapezius muscle to relieve cervical pain, in patients aged 20 to 50 years attending the Eduardo Montenegro Basic Hospital, July-December 2020. The sample consisted of 27 patients, with an average age of 33.59 ± 8.19 years, the majority residing in urban areas, with a non-university higher level, married and with work activities. The visual analog pain scale (VAS), the neck disability index questionnaire, measurements with the goniometer in the cervical region and the Daniels test were applied. The mean of the VAS evaluations went from 7.59 ± 1.37 before the therapeutic treatment to 2.22 ± 1.48 after the treatment; the neck disability index changed from 32.59 ± 4.81 at the start of the study to 14.48 ± 2.74 after therapy; while, all measurements with the goniometer increased after myofascial release therapy, indicating greater neck mobility. All changes were statistically significant (p <0.05). It is concluded that the myofascial release technique is effective for the reduction of neck pain, cervical disability and to improve range of motion.
Aplicación de la técnica de relajación de Benson para el manejo del estrés en mujeres embarazadas durante la emergencia sanitaria por COVID-19
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud /Centro de posgrados, 2021-12-07) Godoy Proaño, Paulette Carolina Psc. Cl.; Moreta Herrera, Carlos Rodrigo Psc. Cl. MSc.
The analysis of the topic regarding: Application of the Benson relaxation technique for stress management in pregnant women during the health emergency due to COVID–19, arises from the need to help minimize the effects generated by the COVID pandemic– 19, with lethal consequences on the population at the global, national and local levels, so that the present study focused on a vulnerable segment of the population on whom confinement, risk of contagion, security measures, mobility restrictions , among others, increased stress levels, added to her state of pregnancy. In this sense, the objective was to apply the Benson relaxation technique to evaluate coping styles in stressful situations in pregnant women during the health emergency due to COVID-19. The methodology was eminently quantitative, of a quasi-experimental type, with application of pretest and posttest to a control group of 30 pregnant mothers and study 30 women under equal conditions, with the possibility of performing an intervention with the Benson technique. From which it was possible to obtain results that revealed that coping styles for stress management in pregnant women lead to the suppression of competent activities, but active coping stands out in the post-test. Thus, it is concluded that in coping styles that focus on emotion and the problem, they improve considerably with the intervention with the Benson technique in stress management in pregnant mothers.
Aplicación de Mindfulness para el tratamiento de ansiedad en estudiantes de conducción
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados, 2023-12-12) Iza Vizuete, Sandy Maribel; Vargas Espín, Alba del Pilar
Aplicación de un programa de Meditación Mindfulness para reducir la ansiedad en estudiantes con escolaridad inconclusa
(2025-10-03) Guevara Bravo, Natalia Paulina, Psic; Tobar, Andrea Psc. Cl. Mst; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud / Centro de Posgrado
Mindfulness meditation has emerged as an effective intervention for reducing anxiety in educational settings, particularly among vulnerable populations such as adult learners with incomplete formal education. Anxiety, as a physiological and emotional response to real or perceived threats, can severely impact psychological well-being and academic performance when it becomes chronic. This study examined the impact of a structured mindfulness program on anxiety levels among adult students at the Unidad Educativa PCEI Miguel de Cervantes. A quasi-experimental, longitudinal, and quantitative design was employed, with a sample of 90 participants aged 17 to 65 years (M = 32.5; SD = 11.1), male (62.2%). Anxiety was assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), administered before and after the intervention. At baseline, 72.2% of participants exhibited mild, moderate, or severe anxiety, with 23.3% reporting severe symptoms. Following the intervention, the proportion of participants with minimal anxiety increased to 56.7%, while those with severe anxiety dropped to 2.2%. A mean reduction of 9 points in anxiety scores was observed, which was statistically significant (p < .001), with a large effect size (r = 0.698). These findings indicate that mindfulness is highly effective in reducing anxiety in this population. The results have both clinical and practical implications, fostering an emotionally supportive environment conducive to learning. Mindfulness-based interventions represent an accessible and effective tool for integration into educational programs targeting adults with interrupted schooling, thereby strengthening mental health, and supporting academic achievement
Aplicación de un Protocolo de Ejercicios con Facilitación Neuromuscular Propioceptiva para mejorar rango y fuerza muscular en adultos mayores con dolor de rodillas.
(2021-07-01) Manzano Vinueza, Gabriela Cristina Lcda. Ft.; Latta Sánchez, María Augusta Lcda. Ft.Mg
Knee pain is one of the main problems for the population over 65 years old and is related to degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis. Exercises with the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation technique (PNF) have been suggested as an alternative rehabilitation treatment to reduce the impacts of this frequent symptom. The purpose of this project was to apply an exercise protocol with the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation technique to improve range of motion and muscle strength in older adults with knee pain. Twenty older adults with an age range between 65 and 80 years from the Atahualpa parish participated, all of them performed the protocol for 12 weeks with a frequency of 1 session per week. The patients were evaluated before and after the intervention using the numerical pain rating scale, goniometric test and Daniels test. The resistance, difficulty and number of repetitions applied in the lower limb diagonals were gradually increased. The SPSS program was used for statistical analysis. The results obtained confirm the hypothesis that the parameters tested: pain, joint mobility and muscle strength improved after the use of PNF techniques. It is concluded that the three specific techniques: Rhythmic Initiation, Dynamic Inversions and Contraction-Relaxation belonging to the concept of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation applied in an exercise protocol increase physical capacities such as mobility and muscle strength in the older adult population aged 65 to 80 years. Future and more extensive research is necessary considering the variables or limitations that may have intervened in this study.
Aplicación de una guía metodológica con madres adolescentes para fortalecer el desarrollo social de niños de 1 a 3 años
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-03-01) Aguirre León, María Belén; De Mora Coloma, Jacqueline Dra. Mg.
Adolescent motherhood is a problem that has been present for many years but currently has reached a representative number of mothers who at an early age have experienced a significant life change in each of them, that is why the research was carried out under the Topic: Application of a methodological guide with adolescent mothers to strengthen the social development of children aged 1 to 3 years, in which the main objective was to describe the level of knowledge and attitudes of adolescent mothers about the social development of children from 1 to 3 years of age for the elaboration of a methodological guide. The research was carried out in the Patronato de Accion Social Píllaro with the collaboration of the GAD Municipal Santiago de Píllaro. This research is directly focused on working with adolescent mothers that allow them, through the application of a methodological guide, to strengthen the social development of their children, considering that motherhood is difficult in both adult and adolescent women. To collect the information, we had the appropriate tools for the effect, such as the tests called the MotherChild Relationship Attitudes Scale and the Abbreviated Development Scale test (EAD-1). Those that were applied to 30 adolescent mothers and their sons and daughters attending the Board. The conclusions reached indicate that a better social development of children from 1 to 3 years of age is favored with the adequate knowledge and positive attitude of adolescent mothers towards their children, in addition to that the majority of observed boys and girls have a medium-high level of social development, evidencing adequate social development of the same, it was also found that as the demographic characteristics of adolescent mothers are better, the social development of their children will be greater.
Aplicación del método perfetti para mejorar las capacidades funcionales y cognitivas en discapacidad intelectual grave
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2023-06-29) Sailema Sailema, Tannia Gioconda; Cárdenas Medina, Jorge Humberto
When someone lacks the ability to learn at the expected levels and perform daily tasks normally, this condition is called intellectual disability or also known as mental retardation in this condition the subject can not function independently and reaches a greater cognitive impairment due to lack of stimulation and learning. The present study included a pre and post evaluation of functional and cognitive capacities by means of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Barthel scale together with the clinical history of the population chosen for the research in 20 people with severe intellectual disability. In addition, specific material was used to develop the activities related to the Perfetti method. The results before the intervention showed that the patients had a moderate level of dependence with 60% and a significant cognitive impairment with 85%, after the intervention the results showed significant changes in both difficulties described with a .000 of significance. It is concluded that the Perfetti method has an important influence on the development of cognitive and motor skills so that the individual acquires an adequate development.
Arteterapia como estrategia para mejorar la calidad de vida en Adultos mayores
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados, 2023-12-13) Illescas Tapia, Tatiana De Lourdes; Gaibor González, Ismael Álvaro
The main objective of this research work was to improve the quality of life of older adults of the Social Foundation (FEDIS) of the Salinas canton, province of Santa Elena, Ecuador through the application of art therapy techniques: painting, collage, theater, drawing, dance, modeling and mandalas. The research had a quantitative approach and was of a quasi-experimental type, 30 older adults between 65 and 85 years of age participated, respecting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. It was found that before the intervention 43.3% of the participants presented a very low quality of life level and 56.7% a low level, but after the intervention 10% presented a high level, 60% medium and 30% low, it was also found that the mean score before the intervention was 94.23 and after 112.53, being the difference between the pre- and post-test statistically significant, so it was concluded that the application of art therapy techniques was effective in increasing the quality of life in older adults.