Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales
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Item Los derechos reproductivos y la protección del derecho a la Maternidad de la trabajadora dependiente(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2025-03-27) López Garcés, Vanessa Elizabeth; Masabanda Analuiza, Galo IvánThe right to work is a fundamental right that is protected and guaranteed in the Ecuadorian constitutional order, both for men and women who carry out a dependent work activity on a daily basis. In this sense, in the fulfillment of labor obligations, those who have been the most vulnerable of all acquired rights are working women, even more so when they are or are linked to the reproductive role, such as in a state of pregnancy, motherhood and lactation; the lack of protection that they often face in the state of motherhood is worrying, since this is considered a crucial stage for their well-being and that of their children. Therefore, the objective of the research is to carry out a study that allows to determine if reproductive rights and the protection of the right to motherhood of the dependent worker in the public and private sector are guaranteed in Ecuadorian labor legislation. For this, an exploratory study supported by a mixed methodology is applied starting from a qualitative study to end with a quantitative study, achieving a comprehensive view of the situation; Therefore, it is immersed in the line of research on “social exclusion and integration.” The main result is that, despite the existence of regulations that support the protection and maternity leave of dependent workers in Ecuadorian labor legislation, there is a significant legal loophole for those workers subject to the Labor Code in relation to those in the public sector, since they are not protected in the event of the death of their newborn children within the period of maternity leave granted. Concluding that there is an urgent need to reform labor legislation and thus guarantee comprehensive protection for workers subject to the Labor Code in the event of the loss of their newborn child.Item Estigma Social en la Transición a la Vida Adulta de las Personas con Discapacidad Moderada(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2025-02-24) Villena Romero, Gianella Patricia; Torres Carrillo, Silvia SusanaPrejudice and social stigma toward ¡individuals with moderate disabilities persist, limiting their opportunities and hindering their transition to adulthood. These barriers negatively impact access to education, employment, and social participation, perpetuating cycles of exclusion and dependence. This study aims to analyze the relationship between social stigma and the transition to adulthood for individuals with moderate disabilities, emphasizing the challenges faced in achieving autonomy and inclusion. Families and caregivers play a crucial role; however, their overprotective attitudes can unintentionally reinforce stigma and limit independence. The research follows a qualitative, descriptive methodology, involving 11 participants with moderate intellectual and physical disabilities and their caregivers, part of the Home and Community Care Unit in Baños de Agua Santa. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and life stories, providing a comprehensive understanding of the participants' lived experiences. Results indicate that social stigma originates from entrenched stereotypes, insufficient institutional support, and a lack of societal awareness, which collectively hinder inclusion and self-determination. Psychological consequences, such as low self-esteem and social 1solation, further exacerbate these 1Ssues. The study concludes by proposing strategies for inclusive public policies, educational initiatives, and community-based programs to reduce stigma and foster the full societal integration of ¡individuals with moderate disabilities. These measures aim to promote equal opportunities, independence, and active participation in society.Item Percepción de la aporofobia en redes sociales en estudiantes universitarios(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2025-02-20) Chacón Brito, Anthony Josue; Chiliquinga Véjar, Lorena Del CarmenThe research addresses the perception of aporophobia in social networks, focused on university students of the Faculty of Jurisprudence and Social Sciences of the Technical University of Ambato, the study approach was quantitative, using a self-authored questionnaire, carried through a process of validation of content and reliability, designed to measure five dimensions. In recent years, aporophobia has gained relevance in the social and academic sphere, highlighting the urgency of understanding its manifestation in digital environments, where hate speech towards people living in poverty finds a space of propagation, this phenomenon affects the social perception of poverty, reinforces negative stereotypes and generates emotional impacts on users exposed to this content. The results revealed that most students have an average perception of the phenomenon, recognizing aporophobic content in viral publications, but facing difficulty in identifying them in close interactions, which suggests a normalization of the discourse in these contexts, the participants showed sensitivity towards this type of content, although the concrete action to denounce or confront it is limited. In conclusion, the results show the need to generate educational and regulatory spaces that promote an understanding of aporophobia in social networks, promoting respect, inclusion and empathy in digital environments, and also highlight the importance of strategies that empower users to act against discriminatory discourses and contribute to building a more just and egalitarian society.Item Mujeres en el periodismo deportivo y el rol que desempeñan en los medios de comunicación(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Comunicaciòn, 2024-08) Gallegos Morales, Erick Santiago; Viteri Torres, Walter FranciscoIn the 21st century, the presence of women in sports journalism, an area of great relevance within the media industry, is still a problem. Using the category of gender to characterize the sports field as a space of generic distinction where dominance is built around masculinity, we analyze how this model transcends in the representation of sports in the press, radio and television. This proposal was also born with the idea of investigating the knowledge of women's participation in sports journalism, which has been created exclusively to occupy roles that limit the opportunities to emerge in the different occupations within the radios in the city of Ambato, including the work of commentator or narrator in soccer games. The methodology used is quantitative, since 370 people (audience) who attend soccer games at the Bellavista stadium in the city of Ambato were surveyed, and interviews were conducted with journalists who have extensive experience in the area of sports journalism. Within the world of journalism, there are women who work in this area, the problem is when they want to get more involved with the media, many assume that this area of journalism should be exercised and led by men. The study on women in sports journalism and participation in the media states that the role of women in radio in soccer broadcasts is to perform commercial voice, field edge or simply fulfill interviews in sports programs, it was also found that it is important the inclusion of women journalists in different functions at the same rank as men, also because it was diagnosed that the audience has not heard many women performing activities in sports programs, there have been very few, yet they would like to hear women in the story or comments in official soccer matches. In short, in the city of Ambato and in different parts of Ecuador, there is still inequality in the field of sports journalism, either by the same stereotypes or simply discrimination. The representation of women in the media in Ambato shows a trend towards greater inclusion, although still insufficient compared to men. The inclusion of more women in these key roles would not only enrich the sports narrative but also contribute to a more just and balanced representation in Ambato's media.Item Los derechos de adultos mayores dentro de los grupos de atención prioritaria en el Ecuador y el uso de las acciones afirmativas(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2024-08) Santo Guanoluisa, Kerlin Dayana; Altamirano Carrasco, Rina SofiaDespite the fact that older adults belong to the priority attention group due to their vulnerable condition in Ecuador, they often face several barriers to access their rights. The objective of this research focuses on analyzing the application of affirmative actions that guarantee the rights of older adults. The methodology followed a qualitative approach based on the collection of information through primary and secondary sources, the method used was analytical since it was an in-depth research and deductive since it starts from the general and the particular, the type of research was documentary, historical, descriptive. The information was obtained through the interview technique and the instrument applied was the interview guide directed to professionals involved in the rights of older adults and affirmative actions in the canton of Ambato. The results showed that the interviewees identified a series of violated rights, as well as the barriers that older adults face in exercising their rights, such as discrimination, prejudices and negative stereotypes about old age and lack of knowledge of their rights. It is concluded that the application of affirmative actions in favor of older adults seeks to compensate for disadvantages and inequalities in order to achieve equality of conditions and guarantee the full exercise of their rights. These rights are recognized by a solid legal framework that seeks to guarantee their exercise within the framework of priority and specialized attention, and are protected by international instruments that ensure the recognition, full enjoyment and exercise of these rights under equal conditions. There are affirmative actions in favor of the elderly that guarantee fundamental rights, but there is still a great shortage of affirmative actions for other rightsItem La interseccionalidad de género y el Derecho de participación: caso Salasaca(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2024-02) Aguaguiña Aucapiña, Sabrina Michelle; Montero Solano, Juan PabloGender intersectionality recognizes that people experience multiple forms of oppression and discrimination that intertwine and intersect categories linked to gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic position, nationality, religion, sexual orientation, among others. In the case of Salasaca, an indigenous town in Ecuador, it is important to understand how gender intersectionality affects the right of participation of indigenous women in decision-making and in the political life of the community. The general objective of this research work focuses on “Analyzing the perspective of gender intersectionality and citizen participation in the case of a Salasaca woman in Ecuador”; Therefore, it has been necessary to apply four types of documentary research, exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory with the deductive and analytical method with a qualitative approach, which will allow us to achieve the expected results regarding the line of research that corresponds to “Public policies, law and society”. Thus, the expected result has been achieved that some indigenous women have managed to stand out and play important roles in politics, contributing positively to their communities and public debate; however, discrimination is a factor that hinders the active participation of women. indigenous women in politics and in their work performance, since they still face specific challenges, such as the lack of educational opportunities, the persistence of stereotypes and traditional gender roles, which leads to the conclusion that it is necessary to implement affirmative inclusive policies that guarantee the gender equality and citizen participationItem Los derechos de los adultos mayores y el control de convencionalidad en el Ecuador(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2024-02) Medina Pilataxi, Alexis Joel; Saca Balladares, Melinton FernandoThe analysis of the topic arises because older adults have commonly been considered another burden for society, they have become the object of mistreatment and discrimination, for this reason, the objective was: to analyze the way in which conventionality control is applied to guarantee the rights of older adults. The methodology followed an eminently qualitative approach through the collection of data, with the review of judicial resolutions referring to the elderly and the control of conventionality, the method was deductive with an approach from the general to the particular, in addition the interview technique was used. Aimed at judges and legal professionals, another resource was bibliographic files and mnemonic files. Regarding the results, it was obtained that the interviewees identified a series of rights that they consider violated on a recurring basis, one of them is the lack of care and protection, lack of medical care, discrimination in employment, poor access to services and others benefits; They highlight that this type of control is the most relevant and effective in the country, in addition, concentrated control is the main approach to guarantee that internal standards are aligned with international regulations. It is concluded that the rights of older adults are supported by international treaties and conventions, which establish a solid legal framework that seeks to eliminate barriers and discrimination, promoting active participation in society, guaranteeing access to essential services through recognition of their rightsItem El Sexismo ambivalente en estudiantes universitarios(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-02) Suárez Muñoz, Paula Salome; Torres Carrillo, Silvia SusanaAmbivalent sexism is defined as discrimination through gender roles and stereotypes based on the biological sex of people, this is divided into hostile sexism as those traditional behaviors in relation to the subordination and control of men towards women, and benevolent sexism as contemporary discriminatory behaviors in relation to the protection and care of men towards women. The objective of the research is to determine the types of ambivalent sexism in university students in the Faculty of Jurisprudence and Social Sciences, the study is of a quantitative nature where we worked with 300 students aged 18 years and older. The level of research used was descriptive and exploratory with the deductive method. The instrument used was the Inventory of Ambivalent Sexism (ISA) created by Glick and Fiske in 1996, adapted to Spanish by Espósito, Muya and Glick in 1998, and adapted and applied by Fernández, Arias and Alvarado in 2017, which is composed of 22 items divided into two dimensions, hostile sexism with 11 items and benevolent sexism with 11 items. The results obtained showed that university students have moderate level of hostile sexism and benevolent sexism, women are those who have higher levels of ambivalent sexism, young adults present with higher percentage moderate ambivalent sexism in relation to adults, ambivalent sexism in students is decreasing in higher academic levels, finally, faculty careers present moderate level of sexism in both dimensionsItem Análisis de la Normativa Civil y Familia: Un Estudio Estocástico con Enfoque de Género(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2023-09) Pilaguano Albán, Kimberly Jeanneth; Paredes Chiluisa, Tanya GiocondaIn this research work, an analysis of the civil and family regulations was carried out from a gender perspective, which is a topic of great importance nowadays, due to the struggle that has been generated worldwide and in Ecuador for the demand of fair rights, with the objective of achieving a more transparent and equitable gender equality, in order to promote rights and principles for the benefit of the community. It focused on understanding how civil and family regulations can perpetuate gender inequalities in society, examining all the titles that make up the Civil Code in its first book; for which the qualitative approach was used, through documentary and experimental research; This helped to identify inequalities and gender stereotypes still existing in the legislation, obtaining basic conclusions on the structure of the Ecuadorian civil regulations, with the motive, to provide a critical-propositive, determined and impartial vision on all legal provisions, highlighting the need to review and update the legislation, to ensure equal rights and opportunities for all people, regardless of their gender identity. This research offers a significant contribution to the academic field and provides a solid basis for the implementation of legal and policy changes that promote a more inclusive society; it also lays the foundation for future research with the purpose of continuing to advance towards full gender equality.Item Migración interna y discriminación a la mujer indígena(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2023-03) Jordán Pérez, Dayana Nicole; Espín Miniguano, Anita DalilaThis research aims to determine the influence of internal migration on discrimination against indigenous women, a methodology with a quantitative approach was used in order to obtain more accurate results, the same one that characterized the theoretical framework of the subject under study, carried out a bibliographical and field research with the purpose of deepening the subject and carrying out inquiries in different sources and valid and reliable documents of several authors in order to know the problem and reach a feasible solution, the technique that was used was the survey through a structured questionnaire to 52 indigenous women. The results show that, by migrating internally, indigenous women have improved their quality of life, due to the access to the rights that we have as human beings and have adapted to the new context of the place where they currently reside, in relation to discrimination it is a problem that is still in force and we must take it into account to put an end to the challenges faced by indigenous women. This research topic has a line of research on social inclusion and exclusion from the perspective of Social Work