Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Evaluación de la red vial en el área urbana de la parroquia Pasa de la nueva historia de Ambato, comprendida en la zona 40(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil., 2025-02) Medina Bustos, Fabian Mauricio; Cañizares Proaño, Byron GenaroCurrently, the roads in the sector under study show deterioration of the road infrastructure and lack of maintenance in the urban area, seeking to evaluate the current state of the roads as it impacts the mobility and quality of life of the inhabitants of the Pasa parish in the Ambato canton. In this project, georeferenced data collection was carried out using a global positioning system (GPS), complemented by a visual analysis of the road infrastructure failures. Technical sheets were used to collect the necessary information and determine the state of the roads using the pavement condition index (PCI) method, identifying the level of severity of the failures and evaluating the quality of the tread layer. The evaluation was carried out by visual inspection of the tread layer, using georeferencing techniques and the ASTM D6433-03 regulations, the Ecuadorian Road Standard and the article "Pathology of Articulated Pavements" as references to identify and categorize the irregularities. The Pavement Condition Index (PCI) was used to determine the condition of the roads and propose road maintenance strategies. The study hopes to improve the quality of life of the inhabitants and provide a database to the GAD Municipality of Ambato in collaboration with the Technical University of Ambato. The focus is on developing a road maintenance plan due to the lack of planning, by collecting data from zone 40. This analysis resulted in a set of failures in two types of pavements, flexible and articulated, presenting three types of severity, this was reflected in the database obtained with the record of the failures found. Additionally, a reference budget was prepared for each road, taking into consideration the necessary items for the maintenance and repair of roads, sidewalks and curbs within the study area.Item Diseño geométrico de la vía que une las comunidades San Ramón - Yawintza pertenecientes a la parroquia 16 de Agosto, cantón Palora, provincia de Morona Santiago(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-08) Escobar Masabanda, Luis Fernando; Aldás Sánchez, Milton RodrigoIn the province of Morona Santiago there are local roads that connect towns and require paved roads. That is why the objective of this technical work is the geometric and pavement design between the San Ramón and Yawintza communities with the 16 de Agosto parish head. The study area includes 5 kilometers of ballasted track. Soil was extracted from 8 pits to carry out soil mechanics tests with AASHTO, ASTM and SUCS regulations. At the site, the high-precision RTK topographic survey was carried out, progressively counting traffic for 7 days a week, the typical section of the project was determined based on the traffic study and we proceeded with the design of the flexible pavement structure using the AASHTO 93 regulations. The vertical and horizontal geometric design is based on current regulations MOP 2003 and NEVI 12, under CIVIL 3D design software. The minor works of art were designed based on the analysis of the vertical design and the hydrological study of the area of influence. Finally, the typical section of the project was determined for a Class IV Road, a terrain with flat terrain characteristics, the design speed of 60 kilometers per hour, and the flexible pavement structure with 5 centimeters of asphalt layer, 10 centimeters of base class 2, 10 centimeters of class 3 subbase.Item Análisis de las correlaciones entre el cbr, dcp, propiedades índice y mecánicas en suelos de las parroquias Saquisilí, Chantilín y Cochapamba, cantón Saquisilí, provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Núñez Núñez, Diego Alejandro; Peñafiel Valla, Lourdes GabrielaCurrently, in the Saquisilí canton, the database corresponding to index and mechanical properties of the soil is short, and it also has several ballasted roads that require paving. In order to find preparation equations and carry out a pre-design of flexible pavement for the benefit of the parishes of the Saquisilí canton and sectors with soils with similar characteristics. Within the study area there is a road corresponding to the Chantilín parish, a road in the Saquisilí parish and finally a road in the Cochapamba parish. A total of 12 pits were carried out in the study area. First, the DCP and Sand Cone tests were carried out in situ. Subsequently, 50 kilograms of soil sample was extracted from each pit to be tested in the laboratory and determine the index and mechanical properties. based on AASHTO, ASTM and SUCS standards, from which 29 correlations were derived, obtained with a degree of reliability greater than 50 percent; As a result, the structural pavement package was designed for a new road in the Chantilín parish with laboratory CBR, obtaining thicknesses of 7 cm for asphalt layer, 10 cm of base layer and 11 cm of subbase layer; On the other hand, with CBR to improve, thicknesses of 7 cm for asphalt layer, 11 cm of base layer and 12 cm of subbase layer will be obtained. Finally, the pavement predesign will benefit the inhabitants and surrounding areas of the Chantilín parish.Item Correlación entre el CBR, DCP, propiedades índice y mecánicas en suelos de la parroquia Poaló del cantón Latacunga, provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Soria Guzman, Romel Stalyn; Aldás Sánchez, Milton RodrigoThe parish of San José de Poaló, being in the rural area of the Latacunga canton, province of Cotopaxi, has a low development in the road infrastructure, having roads in very poor condition of the asphalt folder or need improvement since they are ballast or paved, which the inhabitants of the area, being mostly farmers and ranchers, find it difficult to transport their products for sale. The experimental work consisted of locating in the area of the parish the most representative roads which cover a large part of it, where 4 third-order roads were established where a total of 12 samples of 50 kg were extracted, later at each point the DCP and field density tests were carried out. In the laboratory, through the use of the necessary equipment and tools, the properties of the index and mechanical soils were determined, as well as the Modified Proctor and CBR to expand the database of the correlations of the soils in the area using simple and multiple correlation methods, in addition to the aforementioned results, they were used in the design of a flexible pavement following the AASTHO 93 standard. As results, 20 simple and multiple correlations were obtained where they had a coefficient of determination greater than 50 percent, being accepted, later with the use of the free software AASHTO 93, the thicknesses were calculated obtaining: 7.50 cm asphalt layer, 15 cm base, 20 cm subbase.Item Diseño de la vía Atipillahuazo, desde la vía fundadores del cantón hasta la calle Bolívar y la intersección de la vía Atipillahuazo hasta la intersección de la vía Cochaló del cantón Píllaro en la provincia de Tungurahua, con la finalidad de mejorar la conectividad vial de los sectores mencionados(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-07) Toscano Avila, Jean Pool; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam MarisolGiven that the road is in poor condition, this project is proposed trying to improve the quality of life of the inhabitants of the sectors, where the respective topographic survey was carried out with RTK equipment, the road traffic count, (TPDA), which was done for a week, from Monday to Sunday with an interval of 12 hours, where it was determined as a Type IV Road, a local road, as stipulated in the MTOP regulations. The respective soil study was also carried out, where pits were made every 500 m of the projected road, in order to carry out tests such as: Moisture Content, Granulometry, Atterberg, Proctor and CBR limits, of each one of them. they took 10 samples where the most critical value was taken for a detailed example, later the respective plans and referential budget were made. By having the design of the road, vehicular and pedestrian traffic will flow more quickly and safely, reflecting the benefit in the families of the sector, which will help in reducing the time for the displacement of the inhabitants, optimizing their social and economic condition. and progress will be achieved in the socioeconomic aspect of the sector, because the area is highly productive in milk and vegetables.Item Análisis de las correlaciones entre el CBR, DCP, propiedades índice y mecánicas en los suelos de las parroquias: la victoria y Pujilí, cantón Pujilí, provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Ibarra Bombon, Alison Monserrath; Portilla Yandún, Favio PaúlThe lack of information on the type of soil in a place slows down the construction process, so expanding the database of roads guarantees a guide for the preliminary design of pavements. The present experimental work aims to determine the correlation between the CBR, DCP, index and mechanical properties of the Pujilí and La Victoria parishes, belonging to the Pujilí canton, Cotopaxi province. The tests carried out in the field were: field density (cone and sand) and DCP, while the laboratory tests with a sample of approximately 50 kg for each point were: Atterberg limits, specific gravity, moisture content, granulometry, compaction and CBR. Each of these tests were carried out in accordance with AASHTO standards. Once the results of the respective field and laboratory tests were obtained, the analysis of both simple and multiple correlations between the different soil properties was carried out in order to determine the soil characteristics. Finally, a traffic study was carried out for the structural design of the flexible pavement of one of the roads where representative soil samples were taken. The CBR values used were those obtained from the laboratory and from the correlations obtained.Item Análisis de las correlaciones entre el CBR, DCP, propiedades índice y mecánicas en suelos de la parroquia Ignacio Flores del cantón Latacunga, provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Pérez Villacrés, Katherine Lissette; Portilla Yandún, Favio PaúlThe California Bering Ratio (CBR) test allows determining the modulus of rigidity and the shear strength of the soil, however, it turns out to be an expensive and laborious test, in addition to taking time to prepare, especially in plastic soils, for which by applying correlations, these limitations can be overcome, obtaining reliable results without the need for the design to generate high costs. The zone designated for the present study was in the province of Cotopaxi in the Ignacio Flores parish, where through 12 samples the existing correlations between the index and mechanical properties of the soil were found, where field and laboratory tests were applied, being the most The DCP and CBR assay are important. 22 correlations were obtained, applying the linear regression method with simple and multiple correlations, for which correlation indices from 0.29 to 0.67 were obtained. Thus, ending with the design of the flexible pavement with a laboratory CBR of 10.3 percent having thicknesses of 5.0 cm of asphalt layer, 15.0 cm of base and 21.0 cm of subbase, while for a CBR calculated by Correlation No. 22, are 5 cm of asphalt layer, 15 cm of base and 21 cm of subbase.Item Análisis de las correlaciones entre el CBR, DCP, propiedades índice y mecánicas en suelos de la parroquia Pilaló del cantón Pujilí de la provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Trávez Vargas, Saúl Alejandro; Portilla Yandún, Favio PaúlThis experimental work arises from the need to expand the database of soils that represent the areas of the Cotopaxi province to serve as support in the preliminary studies of flexible pavements, for which the main objective is to analyze the correlations between the laboratory CBR, DCP, and the index and mechanical properties in soils of the Pilaló parish of the Pujilí canton of the Cotopaxi province. For the present work, 4 third-order roads were chosen around the entire surface of the parish where 12 soil samples were taken, making pits of 1.50m x 1.50m and 1m deep, taking in each pit more than 30 kg of altered soil. of subgrade. Field and laboratory tests were developed to know the properties of the soils obtained, once their results were known, they were analyzed and 25 correlations were obtained where their R^2global correlation coefficient is between 56% and 99% What we want to argue that moderate to very strong correlations were obtained. The equations obtained from the correlation of the different properties serve as a guide for preliminary pavement designs since the tests with which the correlations were obtained serve primarily to evaluate the conditions of the subgrade of roads, bases and subbases, in addition to providing in the expansion of the database of the Ecuadorian territory with the zoning of the different soils found in the Pilaló parish of the Pujilí canton of the Cotopaxi province.Item Análisis de las correlaciónes entre el CBR, DCP, las propiedades índices y mecánicas en los suelos de la parroquia Angamarca, cantón Pujilí, provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Gomez Morales, Jhimy Alejandro; Portilla Yandún, Favio PaúlEn la provincia de Cotopaxi existen vías lastradas que unen localidades y requieren vías asfaltadas, la base de datos existente referente a propiedades índice y mecánicas del suelo es insuficiente. Es por ello que el presente trabajo experimental, tiene como objetivos ampliar la base de datos del suelo de la zona y determinar las correlaciones existentes de los suelos, siendo la principal correlación el ensayo California Bearing Ratio (CBR) y el ensayo Penetración Dinámica de Cono (DCP), debido a su incidencia directa en el diseño de pavimento flexible. El área de estudio comprende 4 vías ubicadas en la parroquia Angamarca del cantón Pujilí, provincia de Cotopaxi. Las vías que fueron objeto de estudio son de tercer orden elegidas estratégicamente. Se realizaron calicatas y se procedió con la extracción de 12 muestras de suelo representativo de la zona cada una de ellas de 50 kilogramos, en el sitio se procedió con los ensayos Cono de arena y DCP. Las muestras de suelo extraídas sirvieron para la determinación de las propiedades índices y mecánicas del suelo en laboratorio basados en las normas AASHTO, ASTM y SUCS. Los resultados fueron 25 correlaciones con un índice de correlación poisson mayor del 50 por ciento, siendo la correlación más importante la de 77 porciento correspondiente al ensayo DCP y CBR lo que indica un resultado aceptable. Finalmente, se diseñó el espesor del paquete estructural del pavimento con el método AASHTO 93. Obteniendo espesores de: capeta asfáltica 5 centímetros, base 10 centímetros y sub base 20 centímetros.Item Evaluación de las vías urbanas en el cantón Ambato del sector comprendido entre la av. Julio Jaramillo Laurido, calle Carlos Rubira Infante, av. Luis Aníbal Granja, carretera panamericana (Troncal de la Sierra E 35)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Pilaguano Umaginga, Ángel Miguel; Cañizares Proaño, Byron GenaroThis project presents the need to evaluate the condition of the urban roads in the canton of Ambato, since the road infrastructure is affected over the years, being exposed to climate changes and traffic flow, which affects economic, commercial, agricultural and tourism development. First, a visual evaluation of the roads was made in order to determine the faults in the pavements. In order to identify the existing faults, a survey was carried out to record their location, type of fault, degree of severity and magnitude; the PCI methodology was also used to determine the condition of the roads that make up the perimeter. Within the study area, it was identified that there are failures in the flexible pavement and articulated pavement, where the most common ones in the flexible pavement are longitudinal and transverse cracks and patches, while in the articulated pavement the most common failures are vegetation on the roadway. With the faults found in the study area, a database was created in the ArcGIS program, in order to know the location and characteristics of one of the detected faults