Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Análisis de la resistencia de la superestructura de autobuses interprovinciales relacionado a la ubicación del motor mediante simulación por ordenador del ensayo de vuelco(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-01) Arévalo Huaca, Henry Alexander; Arroba Arroba, César HernánFor the analysis of the strength of the superstructure related to the location of the engine, we initially created 3D multibody models of the interprovincial type vehicle, with dimensions that eventually meet the requirements set forth in the Ecuadorian Technical Standard for Intraregional, Interprovincial and Intraprovincial Public Passenger Transport Vehicles (NTE INEN 1668:2015). Each structure was assembled to a chassis with front and rear engine respectively. In order to identify the variation of the resistance they experience in a rollover event, similar characteristics were assigned to the two models. Then, the preparation of the models was carried out, that is to say, the errors in the geometry were repaired, then a finite element mesh was generated with the recommended quality indexes. Next, the pre-processing was performed, the initial, boundary and control conditions were defined. Finally, the solution was executed and it was mainly evaluated whether any element of the superstructure invaded the survival space described in the Ecuadorian Technical Standard for Motor Vehicles, Bus Bodies (NTE INEN 1323:2009) and Regulation No. 66 of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE R66) by analyzing each of the sections and frames. In addition, the energies produced were examined in order to determine how each model adapts to the requirements of these regulations.Item Análisis de los efectos del airbag del conductor de autobús en colisiones frontales mediante simulación(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-08) Acosta Ramón, Diego Hernán; Arroba Arroba, César HernánThe present thesis work was carried out in order to analyze the effects of the airbag produced in interprovincial bus drivers, for which airbags were located in its structure and later simulations of frontal crashes were carried out using the CEPE R94, RMDB regulation. by EURONCAP and NHTSA put into effect from the year 2020. For the initial stage, the interprovincial bus was selected to model the structural contribution elements using CAD software, later ANSYS LS-DYNA RESEARCH was used for the simulation, where the selection of the airbag and its adequate position was taken into account, the dummy Hybrid III that allowed to measure 8 injury criteria established by the R94 regulation, and the barriers for frontal and oblique impacts given by EURONCAP and NHTSA. Once the necessary elements and parameters were entered into the software, the simulations began, which consist of 4 crashes with and without airbags, one frontal and the other with an oblique phase shift of 15 degrees. Once the simulation was completed, the results were compared and interpreted. With the investigation it was concluded that the use of the airbag is harmful during frontal crashes and that they are not important, because they increase the injuries in the driver, this being verified by obtaining results that exceed the limits given by the criteria of injuries in the dummy of the regulation. R94.