Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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Start date: 2020Subject: search.filters.subject.SIG

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    Estudio de las características morfológicas de la microcuenca de la quebrada Tilulún del cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil., 2025-02) Mayorga Sánchez, Camila Nicole; Castro Solórzano, Fidel Alberto
    The micro-watershed exhibits high susceptibility to erosion and sedimentation, primarily due to steep slopes and limited vegetation cover. This situation necessitated a study to obtain its morphological parameters for accurate representation of the catchment area and its characteristics. The analysis confirmed the utility of morphometric parameters in understanding hydrological dynamics and supporting management strategies, contributing to the conservation and sustainable management of water resources, while highlighting the importance of soil conservation practices, risk mitigation, and more efficient territorial planning. The study analyzed the morphometric characteristics of the Tilulún Creek micro-watershed, located in Ambato, Ecuador, to represent this hydrological catchment using GIS tools. The process included the delineation of the study area using satellite images and topographic data, as well as detailed hydrological modeling in specific software, utilizing flow direction, accumulation, and watershed delineation tools. A morphological evaluation revealed that the watershed covers an area (A) of 125.9 square kilometers, with a slightly elongated shape reflected in its form factor (KF) of 0.32. The basin's slope (Sc) is 7.54 percent, and its low drainage density indicates that the rivers are well-incised, enabling effective territorial management. The hypsometric curve indicated that most of the watershed lies above 3500 meters above sea level, predominantly covered by páramo ecosystems. Additionally, the entire analysis was conducted using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), which offer essential capabilities for water resource management through databases and high-resolution Digital Elevation Models. The detailed process described in this study provides a methodological guide for conducting similar hydrological studies on watershed delineation and the calculation of morphometric parameters using the specified software.
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    Digitalización de la red de agua potable de Platupamba y elaboración del catastro de usuarios del sector de Yamate, Chalpi-San Francisco y Quinlata del cantón Patate, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-08) Díaz Tibanquiza, Erick Francisco; Moya Medina, Dilon Germán
    The municipal GAD of Patate is responsible for the management and supply of water in the sectors of Yamate, Quinlata, Chalpi and San Francisco. However, the lack of a complete digitalized cadastre of the supply network has made maintenance and development operations difficult, since technicians do not know the precise location of all hydraulic structures. Furthermore, the entity did not have detailed information on subscribed users or the exact location of its meters. To solve these problems, a technical project was carried out that included the complete collection of information and a georeferenced survey using precision GNSS equipment. This process covered all elements of the system, including catchments, pressure-breaking tanks, storage tanks, networks and special components. Likewise, all users subscribed to the network were georeferenced. Subsequently, all this information was digitized in technical plans using specific software and a Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to efficiently represent the collected data. Finally, a cadastral file was obtained of the users subscribed to the drinking water network of the four sectors, registering 92 users in Quinlata, 96 in Chalpi, 54 in San Francisco and 162 in Yamate, adding a total of 404 users. The registry of hydraulic components and structures was also completed, identifying 2 collection tanks, 7 storage tanks, 8 pressure breaker tanks, 1 flow distribution tank, 4 air valves, 6 plugs and a total of 14,812.17 meters of pipe.
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    Catastro de los sistemas de alcantarillado a través de la georeferenciación y digitalización para mejorar la calidad de información sanitaria de la parroquia urbana Tisaleo y caseríos San Luis, San Francisco, San Juan, San Diego, Alobamba, Santa Lucia – La Libertad, Santa Lucia – Centro, Santa Lucia – Arriba, El Calvario del cantón Tisaleo, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-01) Bonilla Camino, Tannia Elizabeth; Núñez Aldás, Galo Wilfrido
    The management and maintenance of the sewerage systems of most of the Tisaleo canton, in the province of Tungurahua, is the responsibility of the Municipal GAD of the Canton. Said entity does not have an updated cadastre of all the networks that it is in charge of, which greatly hinders the maintenance of the same and future works that are desired to be developed in the sectors. In this technical project, a georeferenced survey was carried out in the field of the sewerage systems with their respective components, which in this case are the inspection wells and the wastewater treatment plants. With the help of a GPS, said information was collected to process and identify it and once finished, a Geographic Information System (GIS) was used, where the information collected was displayed and edited. Finally, 8 sewerage networks were identified; Most of the piping is made of simple concrete, with diameters ranging between 250, 300, 400 and 600 millimeters; PVC pipes with diameters of 200, 250 and 300 millimeters were also observed. There are 5 sewage treatment plants: “Chilco la Esperanza”, “Bellavista”, “Centro Cantonal”, “San Juan” and “La Libertad”; It was identified that there are biodigester tanks for the treatment of the waters of the Cantonal Center and it was observed that when the discharge is not carried out in the treatment plants, the waters join the networks of the Huachi Grande and Montalvo parishes of the Ambato canton.
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    Catastro de los sistemas de abastecimiento de agua potable a través de la georeferenciación y digitalización para mejorar la calidad de información sanitaria de la parroquia urbana Tisaleo y caseríos San Luis, San Francisco, San Juan, San Diego, Alobamba, Santa Lucia – La Libertad, Santa Lucia – centro, Santa Lucia – arriba, el Calvario del cantón Tisaleo, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-09) Cunalata Lasluisa, Erika Vanessa; Cañizares Proaño, Byron Genaro
    In the province of Tungurahua, the Municipal GAD of the Canton Tisaleo is the entity in charge of supplying and managing water for most of the territory. However, by not having a total digitized cadastre of the current drinking water supply systems, the operation, maintenance and development actions of the canton are difficult. In this technical project, a technical compilation of information and an in situ georeferenced survey was carried out, through the use of a GPS, of the elements of the system, including intakes, treatment plants, reserve tanks, networks and components. (tees, elbows, valves) among others; subsequently, having carried out a quality and identification control, a Geographic Information System (SIG) capable of containing the alphanumeric and geographic information collected was used. Finally, the cadastral file was obtained, made up of 10 service provision sectors, 4 intakes, 4 water points, 3 flow collectors, 9 pressure-breaking tanks, 3 flow distributors, 3 treatment plants, 18 reserve tanks, 192,466.20 meters of pipes, 445 valves, 383 elbows, 371 tees, 2 yees, 3 crosses, 179 plugs, 109 reducers, 10 unions and 19 fire hydrants with their respective characteristics; Said updated information could be visualized in physical and digital plans, facilitating the decision-making of the leaders regarding the management of drinking water, allowing a quality service to be provided to the community.
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    Inventario de la red vial para la planificación estratégica de la parroquia 11 de Noviembre del cantón Latacunga de la provincia de Cotopaxi, gestionado en un sistema de información geográfico
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-07) Sánchez Acosta, Stalin Alejandro; Aldás Sánchez, Milton Rodrigo
    The social and economic development of a town, from a large city to a small parish, is directly related to the issue of roads, because roads are one of the main infrastructures with great relevance for society, since they help the communication from one point to another, facilitating economic and social commercial activities, and thus influencing the quality of life of the population, which is why road maintenance management is of great importance. For the elaboration of the road inventory, the evaluation of the state of the roads of the parish of November 11 was carried out, through field visits, data collection through matrices: such as the state of the wearing course, width track and major and minor works of art; counting of vehicles with the determination of Annual Average Daily Traffic for the projection of the roads to 20 years and finally the management of said information in a Geographic Information System (GIS), with this the planning that the Provincial Decentralized Autonomous Government of Cotopaxi prepares annually for the roads that are within its jurisdiction, complementing the management of resources and presenting an alternative to improve the execution of road inventories.
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    Análisis técnico y económico de la descarbonización a largo plazo (2010-2050) del sector residencial del Ecuador, usando datos de los impulsores de demanda de energía a una alta resolución espacial y temporal
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-01) Copara Allauca, Dennis Mauricio; Pérez Salinas, Cristian Fabíán
    The purpose of this research was the technical and economic analysis of the longterm decarbonization (2010-2050) of the residential sector in Ecuador, by means of energy demand drivers at a temporal distribution by year (2010-2020) at a high spatial resolution of 1 square kilometer. The drivers were population density, gross domestic product (GDP) and human development index (HDI) of Ecuador. In this study, the method focused on an agent-based integrated assessment model (MBA) was applied. A survey of the residential sector related to energy consumption was used as an instrument to characterize the agents, while Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used to calibrate the spatial data of the drivers of energy demand. The simulation method used is the Modular Energy Systems Simulation Environment (MUSE). Two types of results are presented: the first part focused on the spatial distribution data of population density, gross domestic product, human development index, gross domestic product per capita at a high spatial resolution of 1 square kilometer and annual temporal resolution from 2010 to 2020. In the second part, the results generated by the MUSE simulator were presented, showing: supply, demand, consumption, fuels, capital costs and emissions generated by space heating technology in homes in the residential sector, distributed in 5 income classes. Keywords: Decarbonization, simulation, MBA, GIS, MUSE.
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    Cálculo de la distribución espacial y temporal del consumo de energía en el sector residencial del Ecuador entre 2010 y 2050 a una resolución de 1 km2 por hora usando sistemas geográficos de información
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-01) Borja Cáceres, Rodrigo Alexander; Pérez Salinas, Cristian Fabián
    This research based on geographic information systems GIS aims to be a database source that relates climatic conditions, population density with energy demand in order to be used to optimize energy consumption at the national level, in addition of estimating energy demand for end-uses for decades to come. Through the temporal estimation that was carried out for each hour of each month and spatially for each square kilometer, the calculations were carried out that allowed identifying the energy demand for heating and ventilation of homes, water heating and lighting and electrical appliances. A summation of each generated raster was made to determine a National demand, in addition to which it was possible to determine hourly demand profiles, especially for the two Ecuadorian metropolises. For energy projections, the combination of populations and estimated consumption under SSP2 parameters was used, while for climate projections the RCP 8.5 scenario was used. The resulting data set for the years 2010, 2015, 2020, 2030,2 040 and 2050 is designed for use in: a new integrated assessment model called MUSE and in any analysis of energy end-use technologies in the residential sector.