Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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Start date: 2020Subject: search.filters.subject.LEVANTAMIENTO TOPOGRÁFICO

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    Optimización de la geometría de la vía desde el puente Yanayacu hasta Píllaro entre las abs 0+000 – 4+875 perteneciente a la provincia Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil., 2025-02) Yanchaguano Sanchez, Jenny Maribel; Aldás Sánchez, Milton Rodrigo
    Given the transportation difficulties faced by the residents of the San Andrés parish, this project proposes to substantially improve the road infrastructure in this area. By optimizing the road that connects the Yanayacu bridge with Píllaro between sections 0+000 and 4+875, productive and tourist activities will be facilitated, generating new development opportunities for the Tungurahua sector. The project was structured into three main phases. The first phase corresponded to the preliminary studies, which included fieldwork such as topographic surveys and vehicle counts to determine the ADT of the road. Subsequently, in the second phase, soil studies were conducted, including destructive and non-destructive tests, to characterize the physical and mechanical properties of the soil, as well as the pavement deflections. Finally, in the third phase, using the data obtained in the previous phases, the geometry of the road was redesigned, taking into account the newly calculated TPDA, the soil characteristics, and the applicable technical standards. In this phase, the horizontal, vertical, and transverse design was defined, as well as the other geometric elements. Additionally, a budget was prepared that includes all the costs associated with the construction of the new road, thus ensuring the project's viability. The topographic analysis revealed a mountainous terrain with steep slopes, while the traffic study classified the road as class I. The soil tests indicated a sandy loam material with a CBR of 19.18 percent suitable for subgrade. The results of the deflection measurements with the Benkelman beam showed that 89 percent of the evaluated track length needs reconstruction. Based on these results, the pavement structure was redesigned, consisting of a 7.5 cm asphalt layer, a 15 cm base, and a 20 cm subbase. Finally, the estimated budget calculated for this project was $1´686,962.16
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    Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario para el caserío Montañitas de la parroquia el Triunfo, del cantón Patate, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil., 2025-02) Quilligana Chifla, Kerly Valeria; Moya Medina, Dilon Germán
    This technical project develops the design of a sanitary sewerage system for the community of Montañitas, complying with current technical regulations and considering an exhaustive analysis of the topographic and demographic conditions of the area. Its main objective is to ensure the efficient collection, transport and treatment of wastewater, promoting the improvement of the inhabitants' quality of life and the preservation of water sources in accordance with the principles of sustainability. The methodology was structured in three main phases. The first consisted of data collection and analysis through field visits, using GNSS technology and drones to carry out an accurate and detailed topographic survey. This process made it possible to identify the geographic, demographic and urban characteristics of the sector, key information for the design of the system. In the second phase, data tabulation and technical calculations were developed, applying national and international standards similar to our current regulations, and several specialized civil engineering softwares were used. Piping, flow rates and velocities were dimensioned, ensuring the functionality and efficiency of the system. The last phase focused on the elaboration of construction plans, budget evaluation and implementation of a wastewater treatment plant, adapting the design to the specific conditions of the area and the needs of the community. The results show that, despite the challenges associated with the topography and the variability of the terrain, a design was achieved that guarantees efficiency in the transport and disposal of wastewater, consisting of 93 wells and 93 pipes. In addition, the network was complemented with 4 inspection chambers and 3 rectangular section canals along 3.38 km. The project will not only improve the quality of life of the inhabitants by reducing sanitary risks, but will also contribute to environmental protection by avoiding the contamination of vital resources and implementing viable technical solutions that favor sustainable development in rural areas.
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    Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario para el sector Joya Alta, cantón Patate, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil., 2025-02) Mesias Erazo, Marco Vinicio; Frías Torres, Alex Xavier
    Sanitary sewer systems are currently considered a basic service, as they are fundamental in preventing environmental pollution and protecting public health. For this reason, and in response to the need of the residents of the Joya Alta sector for a sanitary sewer system that ensures optimal quality of life, this project was carried out in three phases, allowing us to achieve the overall objective. In the first phase, a preliminary study of the sector's conditions was conducted. Surveys were carried out in all beneficiary households, and a georeferenced topographic survey was completed. In the second phase, the necessary parameters were determined to design an optimal system that complies with the specifications established by current national standards, as well as international standards that align with Ecuadorian regulations. Finally, in the third phase, an economic analysis of the proposal was performed. Additionally, beyond the established objectives, an evaluation of both the infrastructure and the proper functioning of the components of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the La Joya community was conducted. This evaluation ensures the treatment of wastewater generated by the design of this sanitary sewer network. Upon completing the design, the following results were obtained: the sanitary sewer network of the Joya Alta sector spans a total of 2.586 km, including 72 inspection manholes and 70 PVC pipe segments, covering a total study area of 27.13 hectares. Furthermore, it was verified that the network meets the guidelines established in the standards applied to this project. Finally, a construction schedule was established for a period of four months, with a total budget of $235,543,12. The project will improve sanitary and environmental conditions while promoting economic and social development in the Joya Alta sector.
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    Diseño de un muro de contención de 90,00 metros de longitud para la vía principal en la comunidad de Chocaví Chico, parroquia San Isidro de Patulú, cantón Guano, provincia de Chimborazo
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2025-02) Guano Turushina, Richard David; Ramírez Cabrera, Wladimir José
    Due to the problems that arise due to the erosion of the slope slope in the study sector, which has been causing inconveniences in the structure of the road which prevents the correct performance of the activities in the inhabitants of the sectors in question, the study of a retaining wall was carried out to give stability to the road facilitating economic progress and safety for the inhabitants. inhabitants of the sectors. The methodology implemented covered 3 stages, starting with the topographic survey of the terrain using RTK equipment, which allowed defining the characteristics of the terrain. Likewise, soil mechanics studies were carried out and fundamental geotechnical properties were obtained in the design such as specific gravity, angle of internal friction of the soil, cohesion and the admissible capacity of the soil. These parameters were essential for the calculation and structural design stage of the retaining wall. The design was based on a cantilever retaining wall, considering two main scenarios: one under the influence of vehicular overload and the other subject to seismic loads; showing that the most critical conditions were represented in the second loading scenario. To validate the design, an appropriate software was used, with which the limit states were evaluated, including slip resistance, overturning stability, eccentricity and bearing capacity of the soil, thus confirming the viability, functionality and safety of the proposed structure. In addition, an analysis of unit prices was carried out using the CAMICON items, which made it possible to determine a total cost of the project of 141042.27 US dollars. This value includes the costs of materials, labor, equipment, transportation and other elements necessary for the correct execution and supervision. As a result of this retaining wall, it can be seen that it not only seeks to offer an efficient technical solution, but also to contribute to the road development of the community and improve the safety of road users. This project, in addition to being functional, is aligned with regional development objectives, ensuring sustainability, stability and tangible long-term benefits for the inhabitants and the progress of the area.
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    Optimización de la geometría de la vía desde el puente Yanayacu hasta Píllaro entre las abs 14+625-19+500 perteneciente a la provincia Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2025-02) Chipantiza Curay, Dayanara Katheryne; Aldás Sanchez, Milton Rodrigo
    This technical project arises from the need to provide improved roads, safe and comfortable mobility to the inhabitants that covers between the abscissas 14+625 to 19+500 of the city of Píllaro. In addition, with the objective of reducing vehicular travel time and promoting economic development and tourism in the areas involved and their surroundings. The project was divided into three phases. The first consisted of field activities, such as the delimitation of the area and the topographic survey. A traffic study projected for 20 years was also carried out to establish the geometric characteristics of the road. In the second, soil samples were extracted that were analyzed in the laboratory to determine their physical and mechanical properties. Concluding with the optimization of the road following the indications of the MOP 2003 regulations, the calculation of the pavement structure and the preparation of a reference budget for the project. As a result, a total length of the road of 4,712 km was determined, with an undulating relief and not so steep slopes. In addition, a future TPDA of 4387 vehicles/day was projected, which classified the road as Class I. Subsequently, a sandy-silty soil with low moisture content and a design CBR of 20.70 percent was identified, indicating excellent quality for use in the subgrade. Based on this data, the pavement thicknesses were calculated, which were 7.5 cm for the asphalt layer, 15 cm for the base, and 20 cm for the subbase for the pavement structure. Finally, a reference budget of $1,899.616,41 was made for the execution of the project. This proposal will seek to improve connectivity and reduce vehicle time with adequate planning for the development of the technical project, thus contributing to the economic and social growth of the sector.
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    Diseño geométrico de la vía y del pavimento del tramo Calamaca – Chiquiurcu desde la abscisa 4+500 hasta la abscisa 9+000 perteneciente al cantón Ambato de la provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2025-02) Razo Guevara, Angie Nicole; Aldás Sánchez, Milton Rodrigo
    In Ecuador, mainly in the rural sector, there are territories that do not have an adequate road structure, where inadequate geometric designs and the lack of flexible pavement structures are present, affecting the growth and development of communities such as Calamaca belonging to the rural parish of San Fernando, since communication turns out to be an important factor in the advancement of a community, fulfilling a social, economic and geostrategic role by influencing equal progress, where the absence of these civil works leads to the isolation of communities, increasing the gap of inequality and poverty between the urban and rural sectors. To this end, the topographic strip was surveyed using topographic equipment consisting of a drone and an RTK, in addition to the study of vehicle traffic from data obtained from the manual counting of vehicles over a period of seven consecutive days including Saturday and Sunday. Also, soil studies were carried out such as: natural moisture content, granulometric analysis, Atterberg limits (liquid limit and plastic limit), modified Proctor and CBR, with which the physical and mechanical properties of the subgrade were determined, in order to carry out the geometric design following the Ecuadorian MTOP and NEVI-12 regulations, in addition to the application of the AASHTO-93 standard for the design of the pavement structure, to finish with the preparation of a reference budget. As a result, a projected TPDA of 141 vehicles/day was defined for a design period of 20 years, classifying the road as a class IV highway. In addition, thicknesses of 5 cm of asphalt layer, 15 cm of base and 25 cm of subbase were determined, established based on the design CBR of 12.5 percent determined with the Asphalt Institute method. Finally, the reference budget of $1,509,526.12 was established, obtained from the Unit Price Analysis of 13 items.
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    Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario de los barrios Chile y Santa Barbara de la parroquia de San Buenaventura, cantón Latacunga, provincia de Cotopaxi
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2025-02) Guamangallo Pilatasig, Joel Steeven; Moya Medina, Dilon Germán
    Sanitation systems play a fundamental role in the treatment of wastewater, health, environmental well-being and counteracting pollution. From this, the provision of the studied sector significantly improves the quality of life of human beings. However, in the parish of San Buenaventura, the Chile and Santa Barbara neighborhoods lack an optimal and efficient system. Therefore, the primary objective of this project was to design the sanitary sewer network. The project was divided into three fundamental stages, each one having specific methodologies that were implemented in the territory. The first was divided into a detailed topographic survey, the application of surveys and an analysis of the supply of drinking water. The second focused on the design of the sanitary sewer system following the Ecuadorian regulations, SENAGUA, the Bolivian Standard NB 688, and finally, on the "Standards for the Study and Design of Wastewater Systems for Populations Over 1000 Inhabitants." Finally, the third focused on the evaluation of cost analysis and construction programming. Based on the established parameters, a sewerage network was developed, comprising a total of 64 wells and 73 sections of pipes. This network has a total length of 4.08 kilometers and covers a catchment area of 54,805 hectares. After an exhaustive analysis, it was confirmed that the design of the sewerage system complies with current regulations. In addition, an estimate of the budget required for its construction was made, which amounts to 298,226.52 dollars. Finally, it was determined that the time required to complete this project is approximately 2 months and 2 weeks, thus ensuring an efficient and effective implementation of the infrastructure.
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    Elaboración de un plan de mantenimiento de la vía comprendida entre los barrios Danzapamba y San José de Barba La y desde la abscisa 5+000 hasta 10+000, cantón Pujilí
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2025-02) Cusco Tucumbi, Kevin Humberto; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
    A road infrastructure designed in accordance with current technical standards is crucial for promoting socioeconomic improvement of territorial connectivity and guaranteeing the safety of users. In this context, the objective of this study is formulating a comprehensive proposal of road maintenance of the road that connects the Danzapamba and San José de Barba La Y neighborhoods. This initiative arises due to the current structural and functional deficiencies pf the road, which compromise significantly improving road safety, vehicle mobility and pedestrian protection. For this purpose, a topographic survey was conducted using RTK equipment and drone. Additionally, vehicle counts were carried out over seven days a week and 24 hours a day. Subsequently, a visual inspection of existing failures was performed using the PCI (Pavement Condition Index) method, where each of the existing failures in the pavement were evaluated. Based on this information a maintenance proposal was developed along with the preparation of the referential budget. The results an TPDA of 3001 vehicles/day and a projected TPDAf of 6792 vehicles/day a 20-year period. Along the 5 km stretch, a total of 44 failures were indefinitely, predominantly longitudinal and transverse cracks, likewise, through laboratory tests, it was determined that the soil is a silty sand through the SUCS classification and granular material of group A-2-4 in the AASTHO classification. For the pavement design, a structural layer with a total thickness of 45 cm was calculated, leading to a referential budget of $685.945,65.
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    Diseño de la red de alcantarillado de la vía principal de ingreso de la parroquia El Triunfo perteneciente al cantón Patate de la provincia de Tungurahua – Ecuador
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-08) Díaz Carvajal, Jefferson Leonardo; Guevara Robalino, Jorge Javier
    Due to the continuous population growth and territorial expansion in the El Triunfo parish, the lack of adequate infrastructure for a sewage system has been identified as the main problem. For this reason, the objective of this project is to design a sewer network that improves the living conditions and health problems of the inhabitants. To do this, first an exhaustive investigation was carried out on the study area, covering climatic data, economic activities, geographical location, and application of surveys. Subsequently, a topographic survey was carried out, then the calculations and design parameters necessary for the project were developed, in which the hydraulic and sanitary requirements were evaluated. Thus, estimating the design parameters in an Excel spreadsheet, all these designs were carried out respecting the EMAAP-Q and IEOS regulations. Then, detailed project plans, the reference budget, unit prices and technical specifications were prepared. As a result, a sanitary sewage network was obtained that consists of 6,400 m of main network with PVC pipes with diameters between 200 and 250 mm, 132 inspection wells, 23 concrete boxes, 300 home connections, 2 treatment plants and 4 biodigester tanks. , concluding that the design of the project significantly contributes to sanitary conditions, since they comply with the values established in the aforementioned standards, it was also obtained that the budget for carrying out the project is 823,858.03 dollars and the term is 6 months.
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    Diseño geométrico y estructural de la vía que une el anillo vial con el sector San Isidro, desde la abscisa 0+000 hasta la 4+000, perteneciente al barrio Rumipamba de Navas, parroquia San Miguel del cantón Salcedo, provincia de Cotopaxi
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-08) Quinatoa Yánez, Fabricio Saul; Aldas Sanchez, Milton Rodrigo
    This project focuses on the geometric and structural design of a road in the rural neighborhood of Rumipamba de Navas, Salcedo canton, Ecuador. The need for this project arises from the poor current condition of the road, which does not comply with the widths and requirements established by current Ecuadorian road standards. This situation limits the mobility of the inhabitants and the accessibility to the sector. For the geometric design of the road, a complete topographic study was carried out, thus determining the orographic characteristics and the extension of the project. Additionally, a traffic study projected for 20 years was carried out, allowing the geometric characteristics of the road to be established, such as road width, curvature radii and slopes. Regarding the structural design of the flexible pavement, soil tests were carried out, the AASHTO 93 method was used to determine the optimal structure of the wearing layer, guaranteeing adequate resistance and durability of the pavement against the expected vehicular loads. Finally, a price analysis was carried out to determine a reference budget and estimate the investment required for the project. The design of this new road in the Rumipamba de Navas rural neighborhood will improve the mobility of the inhabitants and the accessibility to the sector. The project has been developed following current Ecuadorian road regulations. Obtaining as a result a future TPDA of 726 vehicles per day, a 10 m wide road including shoulders and ditches, finally the final structure of this consists of 15 cm of subbase, 15 cm of base and 5 cm of wearing layer.