Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Diseño de la vía que une el sector de El Porvenir con la parroquia Pinguilí Las Lajas del cantón Mocha, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-07-03) Chiluiza Llerena Paola Fernanda; Moya Medina Dilón Germán; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilA road designed with technical and regulatory parameters allows rural and urban areas to experience a surge in economic, social, and cultural development. Based on this criterion and the needs of the Mocha canton, this technical project aims to design the geometric layout of the road connecting the El Porvenir sector with the Pinguilí Las Lajas parish. To achieve this objective, numerous activities were carried out, including a topographic survey using GNSS equipment, a traffic study, a soil study, and the design of the pavement structure. The culmination of these activities resulted in a 3+3437.58 kilometer road that, with a design period of 20 years and considering a growth rate of 4.54%, will have a vehicular capacity of 1,342 vehicles per day. This road will have a flexible pavement with a structural layer consisting of a 20-centimeter subbase, a 15-centimeter base, and a 7.5-centimeter-thick asphalt surface course, which meets minimum regulatory requirements. Finally, after a technical and economic analysis, a budget of $ dollars was obtained, and a schedule was developed with an estimated execution time of seven months.Item Diseño del pavimento y mejoramiento de la vía San Marcos de la abscisa 0+000 hasta la abscisa 4+500 perteneciente a la parroquia Aláquez, cantón Latacunga, provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-07-01) Villamarín Jácome Mayra Alexandra; Arellano Yasaca Diana Victoria; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThe San Marcos road, located between kilometer markers 0+000 and 4+500 in the Aláquez parish, Latacunga canton, Cotopaxi province, presents significant structural and geometric deficiencies that compromise safety, vehicular mobility, and the quality of life of the residents. This project aims to develop a pavement design and improvement plan for the San Marcos road, applying current technical standards from MTOP, NEVI-12, AASHTO, INEN, and SUCS, in order to optimize infrastructure conditions and improve the quality of life in the area. A topographic survey was conducted using RTK equipment and a drone. A vehicular traffic study was carried out using manual counting over seven consecutive days. A soil study was also conducted, including moisture content tests, particle size analysis, Atterberg limits, modified Proctor density, and CBR analysis. Finally, the geometric and structural design, along with a preliminary budget, were developed. A projected AADT of 989 vehicles/day was determined for a 20-year design period, classifying the road as Class III. The pavement structure was defined as 5 cm of asphalt surface course, 15 cm of granular base, and 20 cm of granular subbase, with a reference budget of $669,646.89 distributed across 19 line items. The proposed design complies with the technical standards established in current regulations, guaranteeing a durable and safe road structure. It is recommended that the project be executed as soon as possible, prioritizing proper technical supervision during construction and establishing a periodic maintenance plan to ensure the protection of the road infrastructure throughout its service life.Item Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario del Barrio Bella Esperanza del Cantón Gonzalo Pizarro, perteneciente a la Provincia de Sucumbíos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-06-30) Narváez Vargas Yashley Deliany; Morales Fiallos Fabian Rodrigo; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis technical project addresses an urgent need in the Bella Esperanza neighborhood located in the Gonzalo Pizarro Canton, Sucumbíos Province—which lacks a sanitary sewer system. All 61 households rely exclusively on septic tanks that, without proper maintenance, pose a health risk to residents. To tackle this issue, a design was developed for a sanitary sewer network and a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) tailored to local conditions. The process began with a topographic survey using RTK technology to obtain high-precision elevation data, enabling the design of a fully gravity-fed system. Subsequently, based on direct resident surveys and INEC census data, a future population of 223 inhabitants was projected for a 20-year design period, with a future water consumption rate of 235 L/inhabitant/day and a design flow rate of 13.31 L/s. The network comprises 54 manholes and 200 mm PVC piping, adhering to hydraulic design criteria established in Ecuadorian and Bolivian standards. The proposed treatment system consists of a sequence comprising pre-treatment, an Imhoff tank, an Upflow Anaerobic Filter (UAF), and a sludge drying bed, as the existing septic tank was found to be volumetrically insufficient for the projected demand. This proposal offers a technically sound, low-operating-cost solution aimed at tangibly improving the community's quality of lifeItem Diseño de la red de distribución de agua potable para la junta administradora de agua del Caserío Lacón de la parroquia San Bartolomé de Pinllo, cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-27) Guerrero Acurio Juan Pablo; Guevara Robalino Jorge Javier; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThe purpose of this project is to develop the comprehensive design of the potable water distribution network for the Lacón community, located in the parish of San Bartolomé de Pinllo, Ambato canton. Currently, the community faces deficiencies in the continuity of the potable water service, which has motivated the need to implement a technically updated system in accordance with current regulations. The study was carried out in three main stages. The first consisted of a detailed topographic survey, using GNSS equipment and processing in AutoCAD Civil 3D, which made it possible to obtain contour lines and define the optimal layout of the network. In the second stage, the design parameters were established, including population projections using arithmetic, geometric, and exponential methods; the determination of current and future water demand; and the calculation of the design flows (QMD and QMH), based on actual consumption data provided by the Water Board and in accordance with INEN standards. In addition, a socioeconomic analysis was conducted through user surveys, which revealed that although most residents perceive the service as “good,” issues related to continuity, pressure fluctuations, and isolated turbidity events persist. These findings justify the need for a complete restructuring of the system. In the third stage, hydraulic modeling was carried out using WaterGEMS, validating pressures, velocities, and head losses under maximum daily and maximum hourly flow conditions. The results demonstrated that the proposed network complies with technical requirements, ensuring an efficient and continuous water supply. Finally, the construction plans, referential budget, and technical specifications were developed, consolidating a functional, safe, and sustainable design proposal that meets the present and future needs of the Lacón community.Item Elaboración de un plan de mantenimiento de la vía comprendida entre el redondel la Patateñita y el Mirador desde la abscisa 4+100 hasta 8+200, cantón Patate(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-27) López López Justin Mateo; Aldas Sánchez Milton Rodrigo; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis paper develops a road maintenance plan for the section between Redondel La Patateñita and El Mirador, in the canton of Patate, province of Tungurahua, with the aim of assessing the current condition of the pavement and proposing a technical alternative that guarantees its functionality and durability. The research was structured using a quantitative approach, combining field and laboratory procedures, in accordance with the guidelines of ASTM D6433 and the AASHTO-93 methodology. In the diagnostic phase, a topographic survey was carried out using RTK technology and a drone, complemented by a vehicle traffic study, which yielded an Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT) of 1,768 vehicles/day. Using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method, the results showed values ranging from 29 to 84, placing the pavement in “Fair” to “Very Good” condition, with an average of 63.14, corresponding to a “Good” condition. Laboratory tests on grain size distribution, Atterberg limits, modified Proctor, and CBR determined that the soil is silty sand (SM) with low plasticity and an average CBR of 10%, classifying the subgrade as having “Fair to Good” bearing capacity. These results served as the basis for the structural design of the flexible pavement, whose proposed package consists of a 5 cm asphalt layer, a 20 cm granular base, and a 20 cm subbase, reaching a total thickness of 45 cm. Periodic maintenance and selective rehabilitation of critical sections are actions to preserve the pavement's lifespan and optimize the use of available economic resources. The reference budget of $700,725.00 includes the costs of materials, labor, and equipment, based on updated prices from the Chamber of the Construction Industry (CAMICON) magazine.Item Diseño geométrico y del pavimento de la vía Chaupi Cruz – Quishpe Alto en el tramo 4+250 hasta 8+428 pertenecientes al recinto el Empalme cantón Pangua provincia del Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-15) Rosero Iza Edgar Adalberto; Acosta Lozada Rodrigo Iván; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThe present project involves the development of a road infrastructure aimed at connecting the communities of Chaupi Cruz and Quishpe Alto, which belong to the El Empalme settlement, located in Pangua Canton, Cotopaxi Province. This thesis focuses on supporting the growth and development of these communities, as the lack of an adequate roadway prevents local residents from having a safe and efficient means to transport agricultural products for commercialization. To this end, a topographic survey of the road corridor was carried out using modern surveying equipment, including RTK technology and a drone. In addition, a vehicular traffic study was conducted based on data obtained from vehicle counts over seven consecutive days, including Saturday and Sunday. As a result, a projected AADT (Average Annual Daily Traffic) of 179 vehicles per day was obtained for a 20-year design period, classifying the roadway as a Class IV road according to MTOP regulations. Soil investigations were performed, including natural moisture content, grain size analysis, Atterberg limits (liquid limit and plastic limit), Modified Proctor, and CBR tests, in order to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the soil. The results made it possible to assess soil behavior and establish whether the material is suitable for use or requires improvement for roadway and pavement design. The geometric design of the roadway was developed in accordance with Ecuadorian MTOP and NEVI-12 standards, while the pavement structure design was carried out using the AASHTO 1993 methodology, with the objective of ensuring optimal conditions of safety, functionality, and efficiency in vehicular circulation. A preliminary cost estimate was also preparedItem Diseño geométrico y estructura de pavimento de la vía entre el sector Viejo Minero y Pondoa en el cantón Baños de Agua Santa, provincia de Tungurahua(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) Barriga Borja Christopher Alexis; Moya Medina Dilon GermánThe geometric and structural pavement design was developed for the road connecting the Viejo Minero sector with the Pondoa parish, which belongs to the Baños de Agua Santa canton in the Tungurahua province. This intervention covers a total length of 7.219 kilometers and addresses the need for rehabilitation. The importance of this road lies in its role as a vital artery for local residents, who rely on it for the transportation of agricultural and livestock products. Furthermore, its route plays a key role as an alternative connection to areas renowned for their scenic beauty and tourism value. During the diagnostic phase, a traffic study was conducted that identified an Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT) of 31 vehicles, predominantly composed of light transport vehicles, machinery used in agricultural activities, and light-duty trucks. Based on this information and in accordance with the guidelines established by Ecuador’s Ministry of Transport and Public Works (MTOP), it was determined that the road corresponds to a Class IV classification, which refers to rural roads intended to support low traffic volumes. This classification served as the basis for defining the design parameters necessary to ensure functionality and operational safety. Regarding the geometric design, the project included both horizontal and vertical alignments, cross-sections adapted to the environment, as well as specific road safety criteria. All of these elements were tailored to the topographic and geotechnical characteristics of the study area, following a detailed topographic survey and soil analysis. The results revealed sections with low load-bearing capacity soils, which became a determining factor in the structural configuration of the pavement and the selection of appropriate construction materials. The pavement structure was designed using the 1993 AASHTO method, suitably adapted to the local conditions in terms of traffic, climate, and soil type. Based on these parameters, a flexible pavement solution was selected, designed to provide efficient performanceItem Elaboración de un plan de mantenimiento de la vía de 4.4 km que conecta los barrios Turuloma y Galpón en la parroquia Quisapincha, cantón Ambato(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) López Navarrete Juan Fernando; Cañizares Proaño Byron GenaroA road infrastructure in optimal condition is essential to ensure connectivity, safe mobility, and community development. In this context, and considering the needs of the Quisapincha parish, this project aims to develop a road maintenance plan for the road connecting the Turuloma and Galpón neighborhoods, as its condition shows considerable deterioration that affects traffic, road safety, and the socioeconomic development of the area. In addition, structural failures such as cracks and potholes increase risks for users and limit traffic flow. The development of an efficient road maintenance plan began with a comprehensive assessment of the current condition of the road. This phase included a topographic survey using RTK equipment, soil analysis to establish its physical and mechanical properties, and a traffic study. To complement this information, the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) was applied, which allowed for an objective measurement of the degree of deterioration of the road. With the information gathered, an optimal structural design for flexible pavements was developed and a reference budget was formulated, ensuring efficient and sustainable road construction. After a thorough analysis, it was determined that over the next 20 years, the road evaluated will support an average traffic volume of 1,856 (one thousand eight hundred and fifty-six) vehicles per day. Based on these conditions, the road was classified as Class II, and it was noted that the 4.4 km road is fully paved; however, there were a total of forty-nine faults. Likewise, an average CBR index value of 11.38% was determined through soil studies, classifying the subgrade as between fair and good for structural use. Based on this data, a flexible pavement with a total thickness of 45 cm was designed, distributed in 5 cm of asphalt pavement, 20 cm of granular base, and 20 cm of subbase. Finally, the reference budget yielded a total project cost of $575,467.53 (five hundred seventy-five thousand four hundred sixty-seven dollars and fiftythree cents) after a comprehensive technical study.Item Diseño geométrico de la vía que une los sectores Salache Tiobamba – E35 - Salache Grande, del cantón Latacunga, provincia de Cotopaxi(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) Tucumbi Millingalli Raúl Patricio; Aldás Sánchez Milton RodrigoThis technical project focuses on making a proposal for the geometric design of the road that connects the sectors called Salcahe Tiobamba, Salache grande and the PanAmerican Highway E35. The justification for this intervention lies in the absolute need for an optimal road infrastructure, designed and executed in accordance with current technical regulations, which is a critical factor for sustained socioeconomic development and operational safety. To this end, an on-site visit to the project was made in order to carry out the topographic survey with high-precision GNSS RTK equipment, a vehicle count called TPDA, and also to excavate soil samples to determine the properties in the laboratory. The geometric design of the road was also carried out following the current MTOP and NEVI 12 regulations, which give us the technical parameters of the horizontal and vertical alignment and cross-sections. Upon analyzing the results, it was possible to determine the Type III road, undulating relief and the prevailing soil along sections 1 and 2 is a silty sandy soil, whose subgrade varies between regular, good and excellent, which are favorable aspects for road design and construction. The pavement structure consists of a 20 cm subbase, a 15 cm base and a 5 cm asphalt layer. Finally, a reference budget of $412,795.24 was calculated based on a breakdown of all the activities to be carried out during the construction of the projectItem Optimización de la geometría de la vía desde el puente Yanayacu hasta Píllaro entre las abs 0+000 – 4+875 perteneciente a la provincia Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil., 2025-02) Yanchaguano Sanchez, Jenny Maribel; Aldás Sánchez, Milton RodrigoGiven the transportation difficulties faced by the residents of the San Andrés parish, this project proposes to substantially improve the road infrastructure in this area. By optimizing the road that connects the Yanayacu bridge with Píllaro between sections 0+000 and 4+875, productive and tourist activities will be facilitated, generating new development opportunities for the Tungurahua sector. The project was structured into three main phases. The first phase corresponded to the preliminary studies, which included fieldwork such as topographic surveys and vehicle counts to determine the ADT of the road. Subsequently, in the second phase, soil studies were conducted, including destructive and non-destructive tests, to characterize the physical and mechanical properties of the soil, as well as the pavement deflections. Finally, in the third phase, using the data obtained in the previous phases, the geometry of the road was redesigned, taking into account the newly calculated TPDA, the soil characteristics, and the applicable technical standards. In this phase, the horizontal, vertical, and transverse design was defined, as well as the other geometric elements. Additionally, a budget was prepared that includes all the costs associated with the construction of the new road, thus ensuring the project's viability. The topographic analysis revealed a mountainous terrain with steep slopes, while the traffic study classified the road as class I. The soil tests indicated a sandy loam material with a CBR of 19.18 percent suitable for subgrade. The results of the deflection measurements with the Benkelman beam showed that 89 percent of the evaluated track length needs reconstruction. Based on these results, the pavement structure was redesigned, consisting of a 7.5 cm asphalt layer, a 15 cm base, and a 20 cm subbase. Finally, the estimated budget calculated for this project was $1´686,962.16