Ciencias de la Salud
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Item CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS PEDIÁTRICOS SEGÚN EL MODELO DE MARJORY GORDON: REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA(2025-06-17) Vilca Ruiz Joselyn Mayerli; Fernández Nieto Miriam Ivonne; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: The main objective of pediatric palliative care is to improve the quality of life of children and their families by alleviating the physical, emotional, social and spiritual suffering associated with serious illness. In order to provide adequate care, nursing staff must perform a first-line assessment that is appropriate, and this is what the theorist Marjory Gordon proposes, which she offers to assess with the eleven functional patterns. Objective: To analyze the studies carried out on pediatric palliative care according to Marjory Gordon's model. Methodology: This is a qualitative, retrospective research, through a systematic review using the documentary technique to collect information in different scientific databases such as Google Scholar, Pub Med, Scielo and Dialnet. In addition, Boolean operators such as "AND", "OR" and "NOT" were used, and the PRISMA statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) was used to obtain information. Results: 103 articles were located, which were discarded due to their similarity. We were left with 54 documents, of which 5 met the inclusion criteria, which were articles in English and Spanish, published from 2020 to 2024. The studies mentioned that functional patterns are used for care in clinical practice. Conclusion: Studies showed that nursing theories in palliative practice highlight Jean Watson's Theory of Humanized Care, which allows for interventions that are tailored to the needs of the pediatric patient and family.Item TETANALGESIA EN LA PREVENCIÓN DE TÉCNICAS DOLOROSAS DEL RECIÉN NACIDO(2025-06-17) Morales Tipan, Germán David; Cusme Torres, Nadihezka Amanda; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: Tethanalgesia is a recommended technique to provide the neonate breastfeeding in order to reduce pain in the face of painful procedures. Objective: Critically analyze existing scientific literature to evaluate the effectiveness of tethanalgesia in the prevention of pain associated with medical techniques in neonates. Methodology: A systematic review of updated studies was carried out that address the application of tethanalgesia in neonatal medical procedures where the effectiveness of tethanalgesia was evaluated in the reduction of pain in newborns in painful processes and the benefits of tethanalgesia in the Pain reduction in newborns in painful processes. Results: After the analysis, 14 articles were selected for this review where it was found that tethanalgesia is an effective method to prevent pain in newborns against painful techniques in 85% of the studies reviewed. The most frequent painful technique where tethanalgesia is used is blood sampling, followed by vaccines. The main benefits of the use of tethanalgesia in the face of painful techniques are the reduction of pain and crying time. Conclusion: Tetanalgesia is an effective method to reduce pain in neonates that are subjected to painful medical procedures due to their easy application and without side effects or risks.Item EVALUACIÓN DEL VOLUMEN DE CARGA AGUDA-CRÓNICA Y SU RELACIÓN CON EL DOLOR MUSCULOESQUELÉTICO EN EL ENTRENAMIENTO DE FUERZA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-28) Granda Mejía, Tatiana Lizbeth; Espín Pastor, Victoria EstefaníaThe research was carried out with the purpose of determining the acute-chronic load volume with musculoskeletal pain in strength training. The acute-chronic training load volume is an instrument that serves as a quantifier of the total amount of work performed by an individual. The acute load is the amount of training performed in the short term in order to know the recent effort and intensity, while the chronic load is that which represents the total amount of work in the long term, usually over a period of 4 weeks or more. In strength training it has been evidenced that most of the population presents musculoskeletal pain and this would be due to the fact that the subjects would be performing overtraining, poor load management, incorrect techniques, high loads, among other factors. Evaluating the acute:chronic load volume can help to optimi z e the individual's performance and prevent injuries. The present research is of a longitudinal correlational type with a quantitat i v e approach, the “Acute chronical workload ratio” (ACWR) method will be used to quantify the training load volume and relate it to the Numerical Pain Scale (NRS), the research consists of a prospective design focused on the relationship between trainin g load volume and musculoskeletal pain, the participants will be monitored every week for two consecutive months to obtain their results.Acute load volume analysis was performed and the resulting ACWR was found to be 0.92 in the first month and 0.93 in the second month, indicating a range in the optima l load ratio zone. With regard to pain assessment, the Numerical Pain Scale (NRS) was used, with a mean NRS of 2.80 indicating mild to moderate pain. In summary, in the results it was established that there is no increase of high loads therefore it was not related to musculoskeletal pain, due to the fact that the populati o n may be presenting pain that is associated to other external factors.Item ASOCIACIÓN DEL COLOR CON LA PERCEPCIÓN DEL DOLOR MUSCULOESQUELÉTICO EN EL MIEMBRO SUPERIOR(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-27) Enríquez López, Jonathan Benjamín; Latta Sánchez, María AugustaThe purpose of the descriptive research is to establish a color scheme according to the perception of musculoskeletal pain in the upper limb, which included the participa ti o n of 91 workers, of which 97.8% were men and 2. 2% women who belong to the Cut Injected Footwear Area of the Private Company Plasticaucho Industrial S.A. In the research work, the quantitative approach was used, it was required to know through the survey the characteristics of pain through the SF-MPQ questionnaire and with the NRS scale the intensity of pain, additionally a sketch of the human body from an anterior view was used. and later black and white in which the area was colored depending on the perception of musculoskeletal pain in the upper limb. The estimat e d time it took each participant to respond was approximately 20 minutes. The results obtained identified that, in the relationship between color and the perception of musculoskeletal pain in the upper limb, both mild and moderate intensit y were linked to the color yellow and finally the highest level of pain was associat e d with the color red. Furthermore, mild pain intensity was the one that predominated in the studied population, and the most frequent pain characteristic within the intensit y levels was painful.Item EFECTOS DE LA HIDROTERAPIA EN PACIENTES CON OSTEOARTRITIS DE RODILLA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-27) López Sailema, Christian Alexis; Cedeño Zamora, María NarcizaKnee osteoarthritis is a prevalent and disabling musculoskeletal condition that affects a large number of individuals worldwide, characterized by its degenerative nature causing a significant impact on the quality of life of those who suffer from it. The study aimed to determine the effects of hydrotherapy in patients with knee osteoarthri tis , carrying out a systematic review following the guidelines established by the PRISMA Statement, which included an exhaustive search of the scientific literature of the last 5 years in the following databases: PubMed, Scielo, PEDro and Google Scholar, clinica l trials and pilot studies, in English and Spanish that evaluated hydrotherapy as a treatment for patients with knee osteoarthritis were included. The results obtaine d showed significant beneficial effects in the reduction of pain, joint stiffness, function a l capacity and quality of life of patients. In this context, hydrotherapy is considered to represent an effective and safe therapeutic intervention for the management of knee osteoarthritis, complementing or potentially replacing conventional treatm e n t approaches.Item Evaluación del volumen de carga aguda – crónica y su relación con el dolor musculoesquelético en corredores amateurs(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-03-15) Coca Jiménez, Danny Emerson; Espín Pastor, Victoria EstefaníaThe present research work was carried out with the objective of determining the volume of acute-chronic loading with musculoskeletal pain in amateur runners. Load volume refers to the total amount of physical work performed by a runner, including distance traveled, duration and intensity of training. Acute load refers to the magnitude of the training stimulus over a short period of time, such as a week, while chronic load refers to the accumulation of load over time, such as a month or several months. Musculoskeletal pain is a common sign among amateur runners, and may be related to excessive or inappropriate loading in training. Assessment of acute and chronic volume loading can help identify potential risk factors and prevent musculoskeletal injuries. The relationship between loading volume and musculoskeletal pain is complex and may vary between runners. A sudden or excessive increase in volume loading can increase the risk of musculoskeletal pain, while gradual and appropriate progression can help prevent injury. The present research is correlational and uses a quantitative approach to analyze the relationship between acute-chronic load and musculoskeletal pain in amateur runners. The "Acute Chronical Workload Ratio" (ACWR) model will be used to evaluate training load, and this variable will be related to musculoskeletal pain measured by the numerical pain scale (NRS). The study is prospective and longitudinal, since weekly evaluations of the variables will be carried out over a period of three consecutive months. In this study, the volume of acute-chronic load and its relationship with musculoskeletal pain was analyzed in a group of amateur runners. It was found that the average ACWR was 1.22, which indicates a categorization in the optimal middle zone of the load ratio. Regarding the evaluation of pain using the numerical pain scale (NRS), it was observed that 21.7% of the runners had pain, with a mean NRS of 1.35, which indicates a level of pain. Furthermore, a moderate relationship was found between acute-chronic loading volume and musculoskeletal pain, indicating that excessive loading may contribute to the development of pain in recreational runners.Item Asociación del color con la percepción del dolor lumbar(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2023-03-01) Salguero Casco, Lizbeth Alexandra; Espín Pastor, Victoria Estefanía Lic. MScThis research work was carried out with the objective of establishing color patterns with the perception of acute and chronic low back pain, a total of 60 participants were evaluated, including 36 males and 24 females. The materials that were used were the NRS scale, the McGuill questionnaire and a sketch of the human body in front and back view in order to evaluate the intensity, characteristics and if these were related to the color painted on the sketch, each evaluation took around of 30 minutes per participant in order to correctly evaluate the evolution, intensity and c haracteristics. This research was developed with a quantitative approach since data collection was carried out using the NRS scale and the McGuill questionnaire, it is also descriptive since it specified the qualities of acute and chronic low back pain, wi th a crosssectional approach since made an evaluation to obtain data on low back pain where the characteristics and intensity were taken into account. In the results of the association of color with the perception of low back pain that was carried out by means of Spearman's Rho finding that the red color is related to the intensity, the pink and red colors with the evolution of pain and the purple, pink , brown, red, blue, yellow, orange, and light blue are associated with characteristics of low back painItem Manejo del dolor en pacientes adultos mayores no oncológicos en fase paliativa(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-10-12) Semblantes Quinche, Deisy Maribel; Quenorán Almeida, Verónica SofiaIntroduction: Pain is associated with tissue damage, which includes behaviors and emotions that lead to both physical and cognitive dependence, requiring management to provide better care, reducing the suffering of the patients and relatives. Objective: To determine pain management by nursing staff in non oncological older adult patients in the palliative phase. Methods: The investigation corresponds to a quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional study. The population was 80 nurses from the from Public Hospital. It was collected through surveys with 12 questions with likert scale, divided into 5 dimensions: pain assessment, medication administration, purpose of medication administration, work of the nursing staff, and knowledge. Results: The nursing staff states that 71.3% perform pain assessment, 63.8% administer medication at fixed times, 66.3% observe the patient being satisfied, 67.5% assess side effects and 75% affirm that morphine it is used in chronic pain. Conclusions: Professional interventions for pain management in non-oncological older adult patients in the palliative phase are favorable, the majority constantly apply the care to reduce pain, however, it is necessary to expand their knowledge according to with administered medication.Item Comparación de la aplicación de las escalas NPASS y PIPP en la valoración del dolor en el neonato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-10-12) Tipán Coello, Yadira Elizabeth; Guarate Coronel, Yeisy CristinaObjective: To compare the application of the NPASS scale vs the PIPP scale in the assessment of neonatal pain. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, longitudinal and analytical study was carried out, evaluating pain in hospitalized neonates using both scales. The population consisted of 30 nursing professionals working in this service, being a census sample. Each participant in this study applied both the NPASS and the PIPP scales to assess pain in the neonate, and then answered the questionnaire of feasibility, clinical usefulness and nurses' preference by Xiao-Zhi Huang according to each scale applied. The data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. Results: The professionals agree that both scales are easy to use; however, the time for their application is an important factor to take into account. Conclusions: The NPASS scale showed a greater preference over the PIPP scale.Item Método mckenzie vs fortalecimiento del core abdominal en el dolor lumbar en el personal de talento humano del GAD de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Fisioterapía, 2022-03-01) González Sánchez, Karla Brigitte; Peñafiel Luna, Andrea CarolinaLcda. Mg.The present investigation had as a question to know which technique is more effective as a treatment for low back pain in the human talent personnel of the Decentralized Autonomous Government of the city of Ambato. The evaluation was carried out in a total of 20 people, divided into 2 groups of 10 patients to apply each McKenzie technique and strengthening of the abdominal CORE for an estimated time of 1 month. The evaluation began by filling out a questionnaire with questions consisting of personal data, questions elaborated to know the patient's situation and the Oswestry questionnaire was applied to know the disability index for low back pain, which is used worldwide and provides great reliability and validity to be applied in the evaluation. The study is of the prospective-longitudinal type because current data will be obtained through the survey and will be carried out before and after the application of the McKenzie exercises and strengthening of the abdominal core in patients with low back pain. In addition, participants signed an informed consent form and upon completion, the results indicated which technique was most effective in treating low back pain. In addition, a protocol was implemented based on the technique with which the best results were achieved to provide recovery in the Human Resources personnel of the Gad of Ambato.
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