Ciencias de la Salud
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Item Guía de estimulación para el desarrollo psicomotor en niños de 3 y 4 años que regresan a la presencialidad.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud / Centro de posgrados, 2022-05-01) Guerrero Panchi, María Belén Lcda; Villalta Chungata, Blanca Cecilia Lic. Mg.Child psychomotor development refers to various areas of development such as gross motor skills, fine motor skills, hearing, and language, as well as personal change motor skill develops as the child imitates, explores, and acts, whereas the fine motor skill has to do with the coordination of movements that help writing, which implies the dominance of one hemisphere, that is, right or left, when talking about language development, it is mentioned that it is a slow and gradual process that occurs as the child experiences and interacts with the environment around him, the personal and social area focuses all the emotions and relationships the child has with other people in his immediate environment, as well as social interactions. The problems in the psychomotor development of children under five years of age arise due to the confinement that had to be experienced by COVID - 19 presented in the country, a factor that directly influences the development and future learning of children. The present research has the main objective to establish the level of psychomotor development of the children of 3 and 4 years at Initial Education Center "Querubines" to identify the criteria that allow to make a stimulation’s guide to promote the psychomotor development of children who return to attendance face to faceItem Manual de estimulación temprana para el desarrollo del niño prematuro en el servicio de consulta externa(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud / Centro de posgrados, 2022-05-01) Chuquitarco Escobar, Lorena Elizabeth Lcda.; Lcda. Mg. Raza Suarez., María CristinaCurrently, the survival of premature babies has increased considerably, and although most of them grow normally; some have permanent sequelae that can be serious; Among the most common are alterations in neurodevelopment, which can be addressed through early stimulation techniques and activities and improve the quality of life of premature infants. In this way, the objective of this study was to design an early stimulation manual for the development of premature children in the outpatient service; Through a longitudinal investigation of 17 premature babies with corrected age referred to the External Consultation for Early Stimulation at the Hospital General Latacunga 4 of 3 months, 4 of 2 months and 9 of 1 month; to whom an initial evaluation was applied to determine their deficiencies in development through the Denver II Test and define the activities of the manual; In addition, a systematic review of scientific information was carried out that contributed to the foundation of the manual; Subsequently, a review of the manual was carried out through expert judgment and the calculation of the CVC, to finally measure the differences between the measures before and after the proposed intervention. The results showed significant differences in motor areas (fine and gross) for the three groups of children, while in the personal-social and language area there were no significant differences. Thus, it can be concluded that early stimulation in a programmed manner can contribute to the adequate development of premature children, especially favoring their fine and gross motor skills.Item Efectividad de los instrumentos de tamizaje de alteraciones del desarrollo psicomotor utilizados en niños de tres cinco años(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Jumbo Salazar, Freddy Fernando Md.; Neto Mullo, Becker Santiago Dr. Esp.The objective of this research was to know the effectiveness of the Denver test and the Prunape test in detecting alterations in psychomotor development in children between three and five years of age. The study had a qualitative and quantitative approach methodology, the mixed design was sequential exploratory with a field research modality. The study sample consisted of 245 children from 3 to 5 years of age, who are studying at the Anibal Salgado Educational Institution at the preschool and school level. The results were obtained that the Denver test has a screening validity of 94% while the Prunape test with a result of 97%. Considering, sensitivity: in the Denver test 56%, on the other hand, the Prunape test obtained 80% sensitivity, which indicates that the latter has the least amount of variation of alterations that it intends to measure. Finally, the specificity of the tools was considered, where the Denver test had 95% and the Prunape test with 100%, that is, in any population that applies this instrument with this cut-off point, almost 100% of children who have suspected alterations in psychomotor development. It was concluded that the most effective screening instrument for determining alterations in psychomotor development is the Prunape test, considering relevant aspects such as the result of each instrument evaluation, validity indicators, prevalence index and application time.Item Estrategias de educación a madres lactantes para estimulación del desarrollo psicomotor en niños menores a 6 meses.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centros de Posgrados, 2021-03-01) Asimbaya Jaramillo, María Elena Lcda.; Arráiz de Fernández. Dra. Esp., CarolinaIntroduction: children's psychomotor development is essential for future performance, especially within the first year of life, where the greatest number of interneuronal connections is made; the problem of this research refers to nursing mothers' care styles and their relationship with psychomotor development in children under six months. Methodology: quantitative, analytical, prospective research; in the Early Stimulation area of the Saquisilí Type C Health Center with nursing mothers of children under six months of age who received breastfeeding. It was applied: a. An instrument, PART A, informative and demographic data (age of mother and child) and PART B, 12 questions that assess knowledge about breastfeeding (benefits, duration of breastfeeding and each feeding, conditions to offer good breastfeeding, importance of colostrum, preservation of milked milk, rights to fulfill breastfeeding). b. The DENVER II Test: for the evaluation of the development of children under 6 months. The statistical system SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 21.0 for Windows in Spanish was used, using measures of central tendency and distribution. Results: 60% of the mothers are between 18 and 25 years old, 53.3% are from urban areas, with good marks regarding the care of children and xii 60% of the children have normal development. Conclusions: Children under six months fed with breastfeeding, have a normal development; only a small percentage showed abnormal development. There is a relationship between the level of knowledge of mothers about breastfeeding and the psychomotor development of children. It is necessary to have a guide on the technique of breastfeeding and stimulating the development of children.Item Beneficios de la estimulación sensorial en el desarrollo psicomotor de los niños de 2 – 4 años.(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-03-01) Amán Cuadrado, Pamela Alejandra Lcda; Martínez Cosme, Arturo Dr.Introduction: To evaluate psychomotor development in early ages, helps to detect early developmental delays in children. Sensory stimulation has become the fundamental pillar for children to have a better development. General objective: To determine the psychomotor and sensory development of children from 2 to 4 years of age for the elaboration of a project of sensory, proprioceptive and vestibular intervention. Methodology: A quantitative, analytical, prospective approach study was developed in which 40 children were evaluated that included the ages of 2 - 4 years, in which it was possible to determine how sensory stimulation influenced the adequate psychomotor development of the child. Results: Of the 40 children evaluated, it was possible to identify that 12 children are in risk zone and 4 children are retarded. It was evident that children in this category are those whose mothers did not allow them to explore at an earlier age and present some rejection of various stimuli from the environment. Conclusions: It is concluded that sensory stimulation positively helps the proper psychomotor development of children. In addition, a guide to sensory stimulation activities was established.Item La utilidad del avatar como estrategia de estimulación temprana en el desarrollo psicomotor en niños de 4 a 5 años”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Estimulación Temprana, 2019-09-01) Reyes Medina, Viviana Mercedes; Troya Ortiz , Elsa VerónicaLic. Mg.La presente investigación se enfocó en determinar la utilidad del avatar como una estrategia de Estimulación Temprana en el Desarrollo Psicomotor en niños de 4 a 5 años, que asisten al Inicial II “B” de la Unidad Educativa “Atahualpa”, en la ciudad de Ambato, con una población total de 30 niños. La temática se direccionó a investigar y obtener información durante un pres test y post test realizado a los niños sobre el desarrollo psicomotor con la Escala de Psicomotricidad para Preescolares (EPP) que evalúa varias áreas correspondientes a la Psicomotricidad como lo son: Locomoción, Posiciones, Equilibrio, Coordinación de piernas, brazos y manos, y Esquema Corporal, posterior al pre test se estableció un plan de tratamiento mediante la utilización de una app digital cuyo elemento principal era un avatar mismo que dictaba órdenes para la ejecución de varias actividades para reforzar, estimular y potenciar las habilidades que deben adquirir los niños acorde a su edad. Dicho proyecto nos permitió analizar el Desarrollo Psicomotor de los niños de 4 a 5 años y diseñar actividades para ayudar a la adquisición habilidades acorde a su edad, además de establecer una línea base para la docente encargada y que posterior pueda reforzar dichas debilidades. Como conclusión se obtuvo que la utilidad del avatar si puede ser considerada como una estrategia de Estimulación Temprana para ayudar de una forma innovadora y lúdica al desarrollo psicomotor de los niños de 4 a 5 años, todo esto se pudo comprobar mediante la aplicación de EPP donde en el post test más de la mitad de los niños que intervinieron en el proyecto se lograron ubicar en un Nivel Alto.Item "La presente investigación se realizó en el laboratorio de Estimulación Temprana y Práctica Docente Asistencial, de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato, con una población de 21 niños en el rango de edad de 0 a 3años, centrándose en comprobar si la estimulación temprana que reciben los niños en el laboratorio influye en el desarrollo psicomotor; partiendo de los objetivos específicos de caracterizar a la población sujeta a la investigación; valora su desarrollo psicomotor a partir de la escala Bayley de desarrollo infantil – III, la cual está dividida en tres escalas: escala cognitiva, lenguaje y motora; posterior a esto analizar cómo es aplicada la estimulación temprana en el laboratorio, la misma que es indagada a partir de una encuesta aplicada al personal; y así establecer una relación entre variables planteadas, luego de realizar la valoración a cada niño y por medio de los resultados obtenidos se proceda a comprobar las hipótesis planteadas donde dentro de las edades de 6 a 9 meses y 2 a 3 años la estimulación temprana influye en el desarrollo psicomotor y dentro de las edades de 9 a 12 meses y de 1 a 2 años no influye la estimulación temprana debido a factores de su entorno.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Estimulación Temprana, 2019-04-01) Díaz Moyolema, Andrea Anabel; Troya Ortiz, Elsa Verónica Lcda. Mg.The present investigation was carried out in the laboratory of early stimulation and Teaching Assisting Practice, of the Faculty of Health Sciences, of the Technical University of Ambato, with a population of 21 children in the age range of 0 to 3 years, focusing on check whether the early stimulation received by children in the laboratory influences psychomotor development; starting from the specific objectives of characterizing the population subject to the investigation; assesses their psychomotor development from the Bayley scale of child development - III, which is divided into three scales: cognitive scale, language and motor; After this, analyze how early stimulation is applied in the laboratory, which is investigated based on a survey applied to personnel; and thus establish a relationship between variables raised, after making the assessment to each child and through the results obtained to proceed to check the hypotheses raised where within the ages of 6 to 9 months and 2 to 3 years early stimulation influences In the psychomotor development and within the ages of 9 to 12 months and 1 to 2 years does not influence early stimulation due to environmental factors.Item “Tipos de familias y el desarrollo psicomotor de niños y niñas de 3 a 4 años.”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Estimulación Temprana, 2018-03-01) Garcés Bastidas, María Alejandra; Valencia Medina, Paola SilvanaPsc. Cl. Mg.The present investigation intends to establish in what way the types of families influence the psychomotor development of children from 3 to 4 years old, in the Héroes del 95 Private Educational Unit located in the Izamba parish of the Ambato Canton. To fulfill this objective, a registration sheet was applied to 25 parents or legal representatives of the children. In addition, the Psychomotor Development Test (TEPSI) of Haeussler & Marchant (2009) was used as an evaluation instrument for the child population. The results were analyzed statistically by the Chi-square test. Obtaining that the family structure does not significantly affect the psychomotor development of children aged 3 to 4 years in this study.