Ciencias de la Salud
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Item PERFIL HEMATOLOGICO EN NIÑOS Y ADOLESCENTES CON MALNUTRICION(2025-06-19) Caisa Chalan Jessenia Lizbeth; Chasillacta Amores Fabiola Beatriz; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: The hematological profile is a key diagnostic tool to assess the effects of malnutrition, revealing common abnormalities such as anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and hypoalbuminemia. These abnormalities indicate nutritional deficiencies and related health problems such as iron deficiency anemia due to lack of iron, immune system weakness, and electrolyte imbalances. Adequate treatment based on correcting these deficiencies and continuous monitoring is essential to improve this vulnerable population's health status and prognosis. Objective: To determine the hematological profile in children between 5 and 9 years of age and adolescents from 10 to 19 years of age with malnutrition. Methods: Quantitative approach, non-experimental design, cross-sectional and descriptive in scope, with a population of 42 participants between children and adolescents from an Ecuadorian foundation dedicated to the care. The information was collected by taking anthropometric measurements and blood samples for the hematological profile study. Results: Hematological alterations are not limited to malnutrition states. They also occur in apparently healthy individuals. The high prevalence of alterations in the white blood cell series, particularly in lymphocytes and neutrophils, could indicate the presence of inflammatory processes or altered immunological responses in these age groups. These findings underscore the importance of a comprehensive hematological evaluation in children and adolescents, regardless of their nutritional status. Conclusions: The hematological profile in children and adolescents in this study is not related to malnutrition since there are hematological alterations in the population studied who are apparently healthy.Item CONDUCTAS ALIMENTARIAS DE RIESGO DE MALNUTRICIÓN E IMAGEN CORPORAL EN ESCOLARES Y ADOLESCENTES DE UNA POBLACIÓN RURAL ECUATORIANA(2025-06-17) Espín Molina, Amanda Rosmery; Arráiz de Fernández, Carolina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaRisky eating behaviors and malnutrition represent important health problems in humanity, as well as body image has a great influence on self-esteem. The objective of the research is to determine the risky eating behaviors of malnutrition and body image in schoolchildren and adolescents of a rural Ecuadorian population. The type of study is quantitative in approach, non-experimental design, cross-sectional and correlational in scope. Developed in a rural area, La Victoria parish, Pujilí canton in the province of Cotopaxi (Ecuador), in the period from May to August 2024. With a population of 216 participants, with a representative sample of 152 participants, of which 21 are schoolchildren and 131 adolescents. Two questionnaires were applied: the Brief Questionnaire of Risky Eating Behaviors (CBCAR) with validity and Cronbach's alpha of 0.83 and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) with validity and Cronbach's alpha of 0.96. A predominance in adolescents was found 86.18%, with a slightly higher distribution in men 51.97%, academically the majority belong to 7th-10th grade at 52.63%, it is observed that 90.79% do not present risk of eating disorder, however 9.21% present risk and are adolescents. Both children and adolescents do not present a significant concern about their body image with 74.34% of adolescents and 7.89% of boys; finally, it is observed that the majority of participants without risk of eating disorder are not worried about their body image 75%. In conclusion, the majority do not present a risk of eating disorders, nor significant concern about their body image, although further research is suggested to better understand the relationship between body dissatisfaction and eating behaviors.Item EL CIGARRILLO ELECTRÓNICO COMO UN PROBLEMA EMERGENTE DE SALUD PÚBLICA EN ADOLESCENTES Y ADULTOS JÓVENES. REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA(2025-06-16) Reinoso Espín, Paulina Abigaíl; Bustillos Ortiz, Alcides Alberto; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de MedicinaObjective: To evaluate the impact of e-cigarette use on the health of adolescents and young people in order a comprehensive understanding of the risk factors and their associated consequences. Method: search in databases such as Pubmed, ScienceDirect and SciElo, published since 2020, obtaining 14 studies after screening. Results: The use of electronic cigarettes is very frequent and is not effective for adolescents and young people to quit smoking, but facilitates their evolution towards smoking. Conclusions: Adolescents and young people are unaware of the health risks associated with the use of electronic cigarettes and their erroneous perception that they are less harmful favors their popularity. It is crucial to implement educational programs in schools to correct these perceptions.Item SEXTING Y AUTOESTIMA EN ADOLESCENTES DE LA ZONA RURAL(2025-03-06) Yugsi Oña Jessica Lisbeth; Flores Hernández Verónica Fernanda; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Psicología ClínicaSexting is defined as the act of sharing images, videos, or messages in an insinuating or sexual manner, through electronic devices via the internet. On the other hand, self-esteem involves viewing oneself in a positive or negative light. This research analyzed sexting and self-esteem in adolescents (N=100) from the rural area of Cotopaxi province. The research model used was quantitative, with a descriptive and correlational design. The instruments used were the Sexting Behavior Scale (SBS) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. (EAR). The results show that there is no conclusive correlation between the variables, suggesting that other factors, such as the sociocultural environment, might have a greater influence on these behaviors and personal perception. The practice of sexting turned out to be limited, and the self-esteem of adolescents was mostly distributed at medium and high levels. Moreover, no significant differences were observed in sexting behaviors between men and women.Item HABILIDADES SOCIALES Y OPTIMISMO EN ESTUDIANTES DE BACHILLERATO(2025-03-06) Sinaluisa Cordova, Mateo Ismael; Rodríguez Pérez, Mayra Lucía; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Psicología ClínicaSocial skills are a set of learned behaviors that allow us to communicate more assertively and develop constructive interpersonal relationships, while optimism is the tendency to think about the possibility of achieving beneficial results in the future and helps as a motivator to face problems. The objectives of this research were to determine the relationship between social skills and optimism in high school students, to assess the level of social skills, to evaluate the level of optimism and to compare the level of social skills according to gender. A nonexperimental design was used, with a quantitative approach, descriptivecorrelational and cross-sectional scope, the sample was 100 students, the “Goldstein Social Skills Scale” and “Life Orientation Test Revised (LOT-R)” were applied. The results obtained found that the students have a good level of social skills, in terms of levels of optimism there was a prevalence in the low level, it is also considered that there is a statistically significant difference in the levels of social skills according to sex and finally there is a low positive correlation between social skills and optimism, suggesting that behaviors that improve social interaction will increase the positive outlook of adolescents.Item BIENESTAR PSICOLÓGICO Y AUTOEFICACIA ACADÉMICA EN ADOLESCENTES(2025-03-06) Quisintuña Galarza, Bryan Sebastian; Gaibor González, Ismael Álvaro; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Psicología ClínicaPsychological well-being implies the development of capabilities and personal growth, while academic self efficacy is defined as the self-belief to achieve success in the academic environment. The objective of the study was to determine if there is a relationship between these variables in 151 adolescents between 13 and 17 years of age, students of a private educational institution in the city of Ambato, Ecuador. The Psychological Well-Being Scale for Young People (BIEPS-J) and the Academic Situations Specific Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale (EAPESA) were used as measurement instruments. The study was cross-sectional and correlational, finding a moderate positive relationship between both variables. In addition, most of the participants presented average levels of psychological well-being and an aboveaverage score in academic self-efficacy. Significant gender differences were also found in self-efficacy, with males having a higher mean than females. Implications of these results are discussed.Item FUNCIONAMIENTO FAMILIAR E INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL EN ADOLESCENTES(2025-03-06) Pérez Llamuca, Pedro Steven; García Ramos, Diana Carolina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Psicología ClínicaThe aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between family functioning and emotional intelligence in adolescents between 15 and 18 years of age in an educational institution. A non-experimental cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach was used in a sample of 173 students, who were evaluated by means of the FFSIL Family Functioning Test and the Baron Emotional Intelligence Inventory (I-CE). The results showed a moderate positive correlation (Rho = 0.524, p < 0.001) between family functioning and emotional intelligence, with adolescents with a more functional family environment presenting higher levels of emotional intelligence. In addition, statistically significant sex differences were identified, with males presenting higher emotional intelligence scores relative to females. The practical implications of these findings suggest the importance of fostering a healthy family environment to promote emotional wellbeing in adolescents.Item FUNCIONAMIENTO FAMILIAR Y DESCONEXIÓN MORAL EN ADOLESCENTES(2025-03-05) López Cáceres, María José; Lara Salazar, Cristina Mariela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Psicología ClínicaThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between family functioning and moral disengagement in adolescents. The FFSIL questionnaires and the Spanish version of the MDS scale were applied to 123 Ecuadorian adolescents aged 14 to 21 years. This was a quantitative, descriptive, correlational, non-experimental and cross-sectional study. The results showed no significant relationship between the central variables, although a low negative correlation was observed between the advantageous comparison mechanism and the cohesion dimension (Rho (121) = -0,253; p = 0,05). In addition, 56,9% of the participants presented moderate levels of family functioning, with a mean in moral disengagement of 56,1. Finally, no significant differences were found between the results of family functioning and moral disengagement when compared by male and female gender (U (1491) = 0.054, p > 0.05).Item INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL Y ADAPTACIÓN SOCIAL EN ADOLESCENTES(2025-03-05) Jácome Carvajal, Joselyn Paola; Rodríguez Pérez, Mayra Lucía; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Psicología ClínicaAdolescence is a stage of multiple biopsychosocial challenges. Emotional intelligence is considered as the ability to recognize and understand one's own emotions and those of others. Likewise, social adaptation implies the ability to form positive relationships, comply with social norms and expectations. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and social adaptation in adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. A quantitative approach with a non-experimental design and correlational scope was used. The Bar-On Emotional Intelligence Inventory: youth version was used to assess emotional intelligence, and the Self-Applied Social Adaptation Scale (SASS) was used to assess social adaptation. The results indicated that in both variables the adequate level predominated: 64.4% in emotional intelligence and 88.1% in social adaptation, there is no statistically significant difference between the mean of males M=78.1 and females M=79.1 (U=1135, p>0.05) and there is no significant correlation between the two variables in this group of adolescents (Rho=0.127, p>0.05). This suggests that the levels of emotional intelligence remain independent in the face of social adaptation, which implies that they are not directly related in this study.Item INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL Y DEPENDENCIA A LOS VIDEOJUEGOS EN ADOLESCENTES DEL SECTOR URBANO(2025-03-05) Buitrón Calle Joceline Tatiana; Lara Salazar Cristina Mariela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Psicología ClínicaEmotional intelligence is defined as a person's ability to understand his or her emotions and those of others, whereas video game dependence is a non-chemical addiction that derives from potentially addictive behavior. The main objective of this research is to determine the correlation between emotional intelligence and video game dependence in adolescents. This is a quantitative, descriptive, correlational, non-experimental and crosssectional study. To measure the variables, the TMMS-24 scale and the Video Game Dependence Test were applied to 110 Ecuadorian adolescents between 13 and 18 years of age. The results showed no significant correlation between the main variables, although a low negative correlation was observed between video game dependence and feeling attention (Rho(108) =-0.024 p<0.05). In addition, 62.7% of the participants presented low levels of video game dependence. If significant statistical differences were found, between the results of emotional intelligence in relation to gender, since, the mean scores of the male gender is (M=24.6) and female gender is (M=21.4) in clarity of emotions (T(108)=-2.632 p<0.05) while in the dimensions of attention and repair of emotions no statistical difference of the means was found in terms of gender.