Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/34193
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Item Análisis Comparativo del Diseño de Placas Base, Mediante el Método del AISC, Método de Líneas de Rotura y MEF, Aplicado a un Edificio de Baja Altura(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil. Maestría con mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2025-12-05) Guijarro Paredes Fernando Agustín; Ramírez Cabrera Wladimir JoséThis research focuses on the structural analysis of base plates using three different methodologies: two manual approaches, one based on the AISC provisions and another on the yield line theory, and a third approach using finite element modeling (FEM). The study was conducted on two types of base plates, an internal and an external configuration, both part of a dual structural system composed of reinforced concrete shear walls and special moment-resisting steel frames, designed for seismic conditions specific to the Ecuadorian context. The investigation involved a comparative assessment of stresses in the plates, anchor bolt tensions, component deformations, and final element dimensions. The results show that the yield line method allows for a significant reduction in plate thickness and material usage compared to the more conservative AISC-based design. This trend was validated through finite element simulations, which confirmed the structural viability of the optimized designs. Overall, the findings highlight the potential of combining analytical and numerical approaches to achieve more efficient and structurally sound solutions adapted to local seismic demands.Item Evaluación comparativa del grado de vulnerabilidad sísmica entre la NEC 24 y ASCE 7- 22 de la estructura metálica del centro comercial Ferroviario de la ciudad de Ambato(2025-12-05) Moreta Yauli, Orlando Vladimir; Cevallos Cabrera Jorge WashingtonAmbato is located in a geographical region with a high risk of seismic activity, which represents a danger to its inhabitants; this research focused on estimating the probability of damage from the consultancy received by the Municipality of Ambato for the construction of the Railway Commercial Center of the city of Ambato using the time-history analysis method by obtaining collapse fragility curves from the generation of IDA curves, in addition, the structure was subjected to 3 site seismic records, each with its 2 pairs of records duly scaled and corrected. This investigation required adherence to the guidelines of ASCE 7-22, FEMA, and NEC 2024. The model analysis defined the following: Conservatism in seismic engineering is primarily measured by a standard's ability to minimize the probability of collapse (CP) and life-threatening damage (LS). In this case, the NEC 24 proposal estimates significantly higher probabilities for these limiting performance levels, particularly in the north-south direction. This implies that the NEC 24 proposal is more stringent or cautious in its assessment, considering the greater risk of severe structural damage. A total of 271 nonlinear time-history dynamic simulations were performed. The high frequency of earthquakes in Ecuador necessitates the development of more advanced structural analyses for a more accurate assessment of building behavior. This research promotes the application of collapse fragility curves as a more precise alternative for implementing preventative measures to reduce human and economic losses.Item Análisis comparativo del costo-beneficio de la superestructura del puente ubicado en la parroquia Altar, considerando dos sistemas: losa sobre vigas de acero y losa sobre vigas de hormigón pretensado(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil. Maestría con mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2025-12-05) Cáceres Santacruz Alvaro Santiago; Wladimir José Ramírez CabreraThis research aims to analyze the cost-benefit ratio of slab-on-girder bridges with different types of beams: prestressed beams and steel beams. Analyses were performed based on structural models, using AASHTO LRFD standards, which confirmed that both designs meet the safety and performance criteria. The two bridge systems were designed and analyzed using specialized software. Weights in tons were collected for the main materials comprising the concrete deck and steel beams of the composite bridge, as well as for the concrete with varying strengths used in the prestressed beam bridge. This data was extracted from the design software, and economic cost data was compiled by consulting the public procurement processes on the Ecuadorian Public Procurement Portal, covering the period 2024-2025. Final costs were determined through unit price analysis, multiplying the volume of each material by the total cost, thus obtaining a detailed breakdown of final costs. It was found that for an identical span of 50 meters, the composite system (concrete slab and steel beams) proved to be significantly more expensive, with a final cost of $998,757.66 and a weight of 433.04 T for the main components of the superstructure, in contrast to the prestressed beam bridge, which cost only $240,141.66 and weighed 678.40 T, demonstrating a cost difference of more than four times between the two systemsItem Comparación del comportamiento sismo resistente de una edificación en estructura metálica con elementos verticales tipo HEB vs. perfiles tubulares.(2025-12-03) Silva Miranda, Julio César; Medina Robalino, Wilson SantiagoThis research focuses on analyzing the seismic resistance of three structural systems with different vertical elements: concrete-filled columns, tubular columns without filling, and HEB columns. Their performance, dimensions, and costs were evaluated. Structural analyses were performed, including static, dynamic, and nonlinear evaluations, using standards such as NEC 15, FEMA 440, and ASCE 41-17, confirming that all three designs satisfied seismic safety and performance criteria, reaching a level of Life Safety in the design earthquake. The performance analysis also determined that the frame with HEB columns and bracing showed the greatest resistance, followed by unfilled tubular columns. The tubular columns filled with concrete ranked as third in terms of performance. The seismic joints were designed and analyzed using Idea Statica software, which illustrated energy dissipation in optimal areas. For the cost analysis, a comparative cost study was conducted based on A572 Gr.50 steel, which is used to build the columns, and concrete. The results showed that the most economical system is the tubular columns filled with concrete, with a cost of $1,172,639.67, because of a lower steel weight and with less plates. The columns with HEB sections were in second place, with a cost of $1,752,035.49, and finally, tubular columns, with a value of $2,253,024.43. In conclusion, the analysis shows that the design with HEB columns and bracing has the best seismic performance, while the system of concrete-filled tubular columns offers a better economically viable solution for the characteristics of this type of building.Item Análisis comparativo del comportamiento mecánico de la estructura de un puente vehicular tipo arco de luz de 100 m, utilizando péndolas flexibles y rígidas.(2025-12-03) Guerrero Recalde, Bryan Vinicio; Peñafiel Valla Lourdes GabrielaThis comparative study analyzed the mechanical behavior of a 100 m light arch steel vehicular bridge using eight different types of hangers, composed of ASTM A416 Gr270 cables (flexible) and welded I-section/box sections (rigid), with the intention of understanding how these influence the behavior of the other elements that make up the bridge. Models in RFEM 6, CSI Bridge and SAP2000 are examined using AASHTO LRFD 2020 load combinations. Every 5 meters, envelopes of axial forces, shears V₂ and V₃, moments M₂ and M₃, torsion and deflections in the tie girder and the arch were extracted and processed in Excel spreadsheets. The results show that rigid ties increase the critical load of the arch by up to 25% and extend the fundamental period from 0.69 s to 1.63 s, shifting critical frequencies and reducing dynamic response. Compared to flexible ones, they reduce vertical deflection by 96.2% (–0.145 m → –0.0055 m) and basal shear by 65.5%. The Network typology distributes shear forces and moments more uniformly, while vertical rigid ties shift axial compression from 892.59 t to 734.25 t. The statistical analysis included paired t-tests (α = 0.05) and Pearson correlation coefficients, confirming significant differences (p < 0.05) between each rigid model and its flexible counterpart. These results demonstrate that additional stiffness improves strength, overall stability, and deflection control, providing solid criteria for selecting ties in long-span arch bridges and thus balancing structural efficiency with life-cycle economy.Item Análisis comparativo de parámetros técnicos económicos de edificaciones de 3 pisos con pórticos especiales a momento de acero estructural y de hormigón armado(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2025-12-03) Cárdenas Arias, Walter Paúl; Flores Gordillo, Guillermo AlejandroThis project is being carried out in Ambato city, parish of Santa Rosa, starting with two three-story architectural models, for which structural calculations are performed using the two most commonly used structural systems in the field: reinforced concrete and structural steel, in both cases using special moment frames. The comparison made on the same architectural model shows the amount of material used when choosing a structural system, as well as the cost of each one. The result was a similarity in the percentage variation, since for the architectural model analyzed, in both cases the concrete has a cost close to thirty-two percent of the value of the structural steel construction.Item Análisis comparativo del impacto del viento en una nave industrial tipo, mediante procedimiento NEC-15 y túnel de viento.(2025-12-03) Aulestia Martínez, Luis Antonio; Peña Jordan, Francisco AgustínThis study analyzes the structural behavior of a typical industrial building subjected to wind loads applied according to the Ecuadorian Construction Standard (NEC-2015) and compared with a digital wind tunnel simulation developed in RFEM/RWIND. The main objective was to design and evaluate the structure under both methods to determine its stiffness, flexibility, and energy dissipation capacity. The analyzed structure corresponds to a steel gable-frame industrial building with a 20 m span, 6 m eave height, and 30 m length, built with HEB columns and IPE variable-section beams, using ASTM A36 structural steel. Dead, live, and wind loads were considered in accordance with NEC-SE-CG, combined using the LRFD load combinations. The aerodynamic simulation in RWIND was performed by applying a logarithmic wind profile for directions of 0°, 90°, and 45°, using the k–ω SST turbulence model. The results confirm the proposed hypothesis: the structural displacement depends on the method used to apply wind loads. Along the X-axis, the maximum displacement increased by up to 43 % with the CFD model compared to the NEC calculation, while along the Y-axis variations of up to 36 % were recorded. These differences are attributed to the non-uniform pressure distribution and the three-dimensional flow effects captured in the CFD simulation. In conclusion, the comparison between the NEC and CFD simulations shows that code-based methods tend to partially underestimate actual displacements, especially in areas of suction and eaves. The integration of both approaches provides a more accurate assessment of structural behavior, validating the proposed methodology and research objectives.Item Metodología para la verificación estructural de torres autosoportadas de telecomunicaciones por medio de túnel de viento en software aplicable(2025-12-03) Guerra Chiquito, Carlos Daniel; Peña Jordán, Francisco AgustínThe design of self-supporting telecommunications towers faces a critical challenge in Ecuador, as national regulations (NEC) are limited in their specifications for wind loads. This forces engineers to resort to international standards such as ANSI TIA-222-H, which, although robust, applies simplified methodologies. However, these simplifications fail to accurately capture micro-topographic conditions and wind direction variability at the specific site location, which can lead to oversizing or, in critical cases, compromise structural safety. Due to this lack of precision in simplified methods, the structure of a self-supporting telecommunications tower located in Tungurahua was verified, proposing the research as a comparative case study. First, the traditional design of the structure was carried out following the parameters of the ANSI TIA-222-H standard. Second, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was developed using the RFEM6 and RWIND3 programs to simulate the actual wind conditions more accurately. Comparing the results obtained, the analysis showed a variation of 18 mm, demonstrating that the traditional method of standard is slightly more conservative. Because of this, it is confirmed that CFD simulation not only validates the design but also offers optimization by modeling the actual site conditions. It is concluded that establishing a dual methodology, where CFD analysis complements the standard, is the ideal strategy to ensure a design that is simultaneously optimized, safe, and fully compliant with industry standards.Item Metodología para la verificación estructural de monopolos de telecomunicaciones por medio de túnel de viento en software aplicable.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2025-12-03) Domínguez Vargas, Wellington Andrés; Peña Jordán, Francisco AgustínThis research addresses a critical deficiency in the structural design of telecommunications towers in Ecuador. National regulations (NEC) are limited in their specifications for wind loads, forcing engineers to resort to international standards such as ANSI TIA-222-H. However, this standard, although robust, presents simplified methodologies that fail to accurately capture microtopographic conditions and wind directional variability at the specific site location, leading to possible oversizing or, in the worst case, omissions that compromise safety. The overall objective of this study was to verify the structure of a telecommunications monopole located in Tungurahua. The research was designed as a comparative case study. First, the traditional design of the structure was carried out following the parameters of the ANSI TIA-222-H standard. Second, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was developed using the RFEM6 and RWIND3 programs. The comparative analysis shows a variation of 18 mm, demonstrating that the traditional method of the standard is slightly more conservative. This confirms that CFD simulation not only validates the design but also offers optimization by modeling real conditions more accurately. It is concluded that establishing a dual methodology, where CFD analysis complements the standard, is the ideal strategy to ensure a design that is simultaneously optimized, safe, and fully compliant with industry standards.Item Comparación del comportamiento sismo resistente de una edificación en estructura metálica con elementos verticales tipo HEB vs. perfiles tubulares(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil. Maestría con mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2025-12-02) Silva Miranda Julio César; Medina Robalino Wilson SantiagoThis research focuses on analyzing the seismic resistance of three structural systems with different vertical elements: concrete-filled columns, tubular columns without filling, and HEB columns. Their performance, dimensions, and costs were evaluated. Structural analyses were performed, including static, dynamic, and nonlinear evaluations, using standards such as NEC 15, FEMA 440, and ASCE 41-17, confirming that all three designs satisfied seismic safety and performance criteria, reaching a level of Life Safety in the design earthquake. The performance analysis also determined that the frame with HEB columns and bracing showed the greatest resistance, followed by unfilled tubular columns. The tubular columns filled with concrete ranked as third in terms of performance. The seismic joints were designed and analyzed using Idea Statica software, which illustrated energy dissipation in optimal areas. For the cost analysis, a comparative cost study was conducted based on A572 Gr.50 steel, which is used to build the columns, and concrete. The results showed that the most economical system is the tubular columns filled with concrete, with a cost of $1,172,639.67, because of a lower steel weight and with less plates. The columns with HEB sections were in second place, with a cost of $1,752,035.49, and finally, tubular columns, with a value of $2,253,024.43. In conclusion, the analysis shows that the design with HEB columns and bracing has the best seismic performance, while the system of concrete-filled tubular columns offers a better economically viable solution for the characteristics of this type of building.