Maestría en Diseño Mecánico

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Has files: YesSubject: search.filters.subject.PROPIEDADES MECÁNICAS

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    Estudio de las propiedades mecánicas de los fluidos magnetoreológicos MRF-140CG para determinar su resistencia al flujo bajo la aplicación de campos magnéticos de intensidad variable
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2017) Arteaga López, Oscar Bladimir; Espín Lagos, Segundo Manuel
    The research assesses the extent to which the properties of MRF-140CG magnetorheological fluids are altered as the intensity of the magnetic field increases, in order to predict their behavior in devices that use these materials, thus contributing to the design of intelligent mechanical devices, each more sophisticated, reliable and efficient, according to each need. To measure the properties of the MRF-140CG fluid, a Anton Paar Physica MCR-501 rotational rheometer equipped with a MRD- 70 / 1Text magneto-rheological cell was used. From the results of the investigation, it was determined that Bingham's plastic model predicts the dynamic behavior of the MRF-140CG fluid with greater precision compared with others, with an average error rate close to 4%, demonstrating that in the absence of magnetic field the viscosity of the fluid decreases as the temperature increases, whilst under the action of a magnetic field, the resistance to the flow of the fluid increases with the intensity of the field, reaching a maximum value of 42.014 kPa at 800 mT.
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    Efecto del tiempo en el proceso de homogenizado en la extrubilidad del aluminio 6063 en la empresa Cedal
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2017) Reinoso Peñaherrera, Héctor Raúl; Espín Lagos, Segundo Manuel
    The research carried out in the CEDAL company analyzes the changes in the mechanical and microstructural properties of the 6063 alloy and relates them to the defects present in aluminum extrusion in different batches that have been subjected to different homogenization times (4, 5 and 6 hours of support at 565oC). The report compares the values of mechanical strength, elongation, hardness, grain size and microstructural changes between the specimens before being homogenized and those specimens that have been homogenized for 4, 5 and 6 hours. In addition, given the traceability, it is possible to identify the defects present after the extrusion process and to associate them with the homogenization time, so that keeping the aluminum ingots in the homogenization oven for 5 hours at a temperature of 565oC represents the most appropriate option so that the alloy presents the best characteristics in the final product and as raw material to the extrusion process. A proposal is presented as the procedure that will guarantee the verification, control and validation of the raw material, as well as to guarantee its traceability and to associate it with the defects that occur in the extrusion process.
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    Estudio de la aleación inteligente con memoria de forma Cu-Zn para determinar su aplicación industrial
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2017) Criollo Camacho, Marcia Ximena; Espín Lagos, Segundo Manuel
    In the present research work, the study of the intelligent alloy with Cu-Zn shape-memory was developed to determine its industrial application, five tests of casting with different quantities of alloying elements were conducted, mainly varying the quantities of Zn, until achieving a percentage of 59.32% Cu and 40.08% Zn, obtaining with this composition that the alloy behaves as an intelligent material with shape-memory, which returns to its predetermined form in the presence of an external stimulus, in this case the reaction to the presence of heat, it has characteristics such as superelasticity and thermal memory, the mechanical properties were determined based on ASTM standards, such as metallographic, traction, impact and hardness tests of the material obtained. In function of the properties achieved, an industrial application is given, proposing to use as a switch or actuator, which closes or opens a circuit when applying heat.
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    Estudio del tratamiento térmico post soldadura del acero inoxidable martensítico ASTM A743 grado CA6-NM y su incidencia en las propiedades mecánicas del material aplicado a la recuperación de rodetes hidráulicos
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2017) Auz Mogrovejo, Juan José; Vaca Ortega, Wilson Henry
    ASTM A743 grade CA6-NM Martensitic Stainless Steel is used in the manufacture of runners and other components of hydraulic turbines to provide a good combination between mechanical properties and resistance to cavitation and corrosion. Due to its low carbon content it has good weldability; however, it is necessary to perform post-weld heat treatment to alleviate stress and to fine tune the microstructure and mechanical properties in order to recover characteristics similar to those of the original material. Through the present work the effect of the heat treatment of ASTM A743 grade CA6-NM steel was studied after applying deposits of multi-step welding of accumulation type or restoration the thickness of the base metal using a GMAW robotized process with ER410NiMo electrodes on slotted coupons which reproduce part of the worn surface of a hydraulic runner. The welded coupons were subjected to different heat treatments in order to compare the mechanical properties of the weld material without heat treatment and with post-weld tempering at a temperature of 600 °C during two different holding times, one and two hours; in addition, this process was performed for one, two and three cycles of recovery by welding plus heat treatment. Eight cases of study were considered, including the original base material, the weld without heat treatment and six cases of post-welding tempering, which were subjected to tests of tension, impact, hardness and metallography to characterize and establish the variation of the mechanical properties. From this analysis it was determined that the post-weld heat treatment applied allows to improve the properties that are affected by the welding process. The best combination of mechanical properties was obtained for tempering at 600 °C during two hours in the first recovery. It was verified that even in the third recovery the properties of the material are within the parameters required by the standard ASTM A743. Finally, a procedure is proposed for the recovery of Francis hydraulic runners as an alternative for the maintenance of turbines at a lower cost.
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    Análisis de las combinaciones porcentuales del material de aporte de una junta a tope en un acero ASTM A588 Grado A utilizando los alambres tubulares E71T1 y E81T1NI2 para determinar las propiedades mecánicas en la fabricación de superestructura para puentes
    (2016) Analuiza Maiza, Oscar Iván; Paredes Salinas, Juan Gilberto
    For the present research work, three types of percentage combinations of tubular wires were made in a butt joint steel ASTM A 588 Grade A. Afterwards, the test specimens were obtained to perform destructive test of traction, impact, double guidance and macrography in order to determine the mechanical properties. The analysis and interpretation of results helped to determine, the best combination of the filler material. Finally, a proposal of a WPS and PQR welding process is set up to combine 80% E71T1 - 20% E81T1NI2 along with CO2 as protection gas which has proved to be the combination with the best mechanical properties. This research project is based on the AWS D1.5 code, which contains the general provisions, design of connections, execution, techniques and qualification for the welding of bridges. The development of this project counted on the equipment of the laboratories and advice from civil engineering and mechanics faculty teachers of the Technical University of Ambato.
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    Estudio de la variación del amperaje al realizar soldaduras a tope mediante proceso GMAW aplicado a la aleación de aluminio 5086-H116 y su efecto en las propiedades mecánicas de la zona afectada por el calor
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2014) Hidalgo Ortíz, Fredy Estuardo; Cabrera, Raúl
    El presente trabajo de investigación determina la influencia que tiene el amperaje en las propiedades mecánicas, del cordón de soldadura y de la zona afectada por el calor ZAC, al realizar soldaduras a tope en aleaciones de aluminio 5086 H-116, ejecutadas mediante proceso GMAW y utilizando como material de aporte alambre ER5356. En lo referente a la experimentación, se efectuaron 16 ensayos, en los cuales se varió el amperaje en el rango comprendido entre 131 amperios y 175 amperios, posteriormente se realizaron ensayos de tracción, de dureza y además un análisis metalográfico, de cada una de las probetas ensayadas. Dentro de las conclusiones obtenidas, se pudo determinar que la mejor combinación de propiedades mecánicas, se obtenía al realizar las soldaduras con 148 amperios, condición en la cual uno de los componentes microestructurales de la aleación como es el Mg2Si, se encuentra en forma de partículas pequeñas y la distribución dentro de la matriz es uniforme, lo que permite alcanzar las mejores propiedades mecánicas, en cuanto al otro componente como es el Mg2Al3 este se encuentra distribuido en partículas finas y no forman redes continuas lo que ayuda a que además, la aleación sea resistente a la corrosión.
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    Análisis de recocido en soldadura de acero AISI 1018 con electrodo AWS E-7018 y su incidencia en las propiedades mecánicas
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2012) Vaca Ortega, Wilson Henry; Valle Velasco, Pablo Raúl
    El presente trabajo muestra la investigación realizada en juntas de Acero AISI 1018 soldadas con electrodo AWS E-7018, las que fueron sometidas a tratamiento térmico de recocido, con la finalidad de comparar las propiedades mecánicas de una junta sin tratamiento térmico posterior a la soldadura y las analizadas a tres temperaturas diferentes 600ºC, 780ºC, 870ºC, y a dos tiempos distintos una y tres horas. Se realizaron ensayos de tracción, dureza, impacto y análisis metalográfico en los laboratorios de la Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato para determinar la variación de las propiedades mecánicas con las seis condiciones de recocido, posteriormente los registros fueron tabulados y analizados. Se obtuvo conclusiones y recomendaciones en función de los resultados obtenidos, que contribuyen a generar procesos de recocido posterior a la soldadura que pueden ser aplicados en el campo industrial. Finalmente se determinó el proceso que mejor combinación de propiedades mecánicas produjo, y se desarrollaron los procedimientos respectivos.