Maestría en Diseño Mecánico

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Análisis de aceros y recubrimientos utilizados en tambores de mezclado de los mixers de la empresa Holcim Ambato y su influencia en el desgaste abrasivo bajo la norma ASTM G105
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2017) Villacrés Padilla, David Andrés; Núñez Núñez, Diego Fernando
This research project was developed under the objective of analyzing the types of steels and coatings used in the mixing drums of the mixers of the HOLCIM company Ambato and its influence on the abrasive wear under the ASTM G105 standard, which tests were carried out from abrasive wear and an analysis of the rate of such coatings. For the development of the research, a bibliographic, field and experimental methodology was used, also exploratory and descriptive to address the study phenomenon that included 8 trials with the application of different configurations for the evaluation of the variable, besides a 40 sample scheme was developed with ASTM AISI 1020 steels and ASTM A514 grade F high strength steel corresponding to the Holcim Mixer drum, which were applied to three types of coatings such as nitrided, metallized and cemented. Due to this it was possible to conclude that the application of coatings and thermal treatments on the steels improve the characteristics and properties with respect to the abrasive wear, these processes contribute to a greater hardness and abrasive resistance. In addition, it is determined that, in the case of the amorphous tungsten alloy coating, it presents the greatest increase of hardness of the surfaces, which defines as the best treatment applicable in the steels, reason why a procedure for the recovery of the mixers according to the location of the parts of the mixer drum of the HOLCIM company.
Análisis de las combinaciones porcentuales del material de aporte de una junta a tope en un acero ASTM A588 Grado A utilizando los alambres tubulares E71T1 y E81T1NI2 para determinar las propiedades mecánicas en la fabricación de superestructura para puentes
(2016) Analuiza Maiza, Oscar Iván; Paredes Salinas, Juan Gilberto
For the present research work, three types of percentage combinations of tubular wires were made in a butt joint steel ASTM A 588 Grade A. Afterwards, the test specimens were obtained to perform destructive test of traction, impact, double guidance and macrography in order to determine the mechanical properties. The analysis and interpretation of results helped to determine, the best combination of the filler material. Finally, a proposal of a WPS and PQR welding process is set up to combine 80% E71T1 - 20% E81T1NI2 along with CO2 as protection gas which has proved to be the combination with the best mechanical properties. This research project is based on the AWS D1.5 code, which contains the general provisions, design of connections, execution, techniques and qualification for the welding of bridges. The development of this project counted on the equipment of the laboratories and advice from civil engineering and mechanics faculty teachers of the Technical University of Ambato.
Análisis de recocido en soldadura de acero AISI 1018 con electrodo AWS E-7018 y su incidencia en las propiedades mecánicas
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2012) Vaca Ortega, Wilson Henry; Valle Velasco, Pablo Raúl
El presente trabajo muestra la investigación realizada en juntas de Acero AISI 1018 soldadas con electrodo AWS E-7018, las que fueron sometidas a tratamiento térmico de recocido, con la finalidad de comparar las propiedades mecánicas de una junta sin tratamiento térmico posterior a la soldadura y las analizadas a tres temperaturas diferentes 600ºC, 780ºC, 870ºC, y a dos tiempos distintos una y tres horas. Se realizaron ensayos de tracción, dureza, impacto y análisis metalográfico en los laboratorios de la Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato para determinar la variación de las propiedades mecánicas con las seis condiciones de recocido, posteriormente los registros fueron tabulados y analizados. Se obtuvo conclusiones y recomendaciones en función de los resultados obtenidos, que contribuyen a generar procesos de recocido posterior a la soldadura que pueden ser aplicados en el campo industrial. Finalmente se determinó el proceso que mejor combinación de propiedades mecánicas produjo, y se desarrollaron los procedimientos respectivos.
Análisis del blindaje del acero AISI 1045 por proyección térmica de aleación micropulverizada Eutalloy 11496 y su influencia en la resistencia al desgaste superficial
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2017) Paredes Zumbana, Jorge Alexandro; Espín Lagos, Segundo Manuel
In the present research, shielding tests were carried out on three surfaces of different roughness, which have as substrate the AISI 1045 steel, extracted from a cane miller. The three types of roughness were obtained by means of the processes of mechanical polishing with abrasive disc, sandblasting with mineral abrasive of volcanic nature and metallic blasting. The shielding material was the Eutalloy micropulverized alloy 11496, applied by means of the flame thermal projection technique. Shielded samples were subjected to abrasion wear tests and accelerated corrosion wear in a salt spray chamber; The results indicate that the best resistance to abrasive wear occurs in samples prepared superficially by sandblasting, which have a surface preheating between 320 and 420 ° C, to achieve a suitable anchorage of the metal alloy. The results of accelerated corrosion showed the highest corrosion rates in the unshielded substrate and it was also evidenced that the corrosion resistance in the shielding is good as long as there are no surface defects. Finally, a procedure proposal is proposed for the shielding of a cane mill tipping machine, in order to ensure that its useful life is favorable to milling with a duration of 8 months.
Análisis del diseño por el método de elementos finitos de una cuchilla de corte, para la obtención de tiras de caña guadua (bambú)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2016) Vacacela Miranda, Wilmo Marlon; Carrillo Rosero, Carlos Mauricio
research is based on simulation by the finite element method of a cutting blade for obtain strip of guadua cane (bamboo), through software ANSYS Workbench LS-DYNA, to guarantee if the desing of the cutting blade perform the main features to wich they were made for. When performing dynamic analysis to verify the cutting blade relative to the guadua cane (bamboo), we proceeded to determine the mechanical properties of the guadua cane (bamboo), in order to obtain the main characteristics of such material and to get trustworthy data to be admitted to the software, moreover, data from the cutting blade material were selected from catalog, being a relevant information in the present research. Static simulations were conductec with both materials of the selected cut blade taking into account the angle of the cutting edge, concave and convex geometries in order to get the most feasible model, then a dynamic analysis determined the best desing with this parameters.
Análisis del manejo de desecho de viruta metálica en la industria metal – mecánica del cantón Cevallos para establecer mecanismos de prevención y control del suelo contaminado
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2018) Bonilla Parra, Santiago Rodrigo; Pérez Salinas, Cristian Fabián
The investigation is based on the study of the dross management of metal chip waste in the metal-mechanic industry of the Cevallos town, its collection and final disposal and thus demonstrate the environmental impact they generate to the soil. Therefore, part of the chemical composition of the raw material used in said industry to determine the elements that constitute pollutants to the soil according to the parameters of soil quality, established in the Unified Text of Higher Environmental Legislation (TULSMA) . It was determined that the final disposal of metal chip waste from the metal-mechanic industry of Cevallos town, are the scrap deposits located in Ambato city, specifically in the deposits: Max Metal, Eco Recycling, Tungurahua and Huachi Grande; sites in which it was proved that there is a residual of metal chips deposited in the soil. To know the percentage concentration of heavy metals present in these soils, the method of atomic absorption by flame was used and to determine the morphology the use of a scanning electron microscope was required. From the analyzes carried out, it was determined that the concentration of heavy metals in these soils ranges from: (99-299) ppm Cr, (58-3000) ppm Cu, (19-60) ppm Ni, (299-998) ppm Mn being superior both to those detected in adjacent soils and to the maximum allowable by TULSMA of 54ppm Cr, 25ppm Cu, 19ppm Ni. Finally, as a control and prevention proposal, a metal chip separation system based on magnetism was designed, which according to the analysis was the most suitable for this industry. The designed system is oriented to be used in the metal-mechanic industry of the Cevallos town, since it is at this point where it can have greater control of the contaminating element, mentioned mechanism has a loading capacity of 4Kg, 12 electromagnets that produce 5.07Kgf each one, having a total of 60Kgf.
Análisis del material de la mecha en los tubos de calor y su influencia sobre la temperatura en la zona de condensado
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2014) Escobar Luna, Luis Eduardo; Moreno Romero, Telmo Jesús Gerardo
Los tubos de calor son elementos altamente conductivos, en su interior están conformados por diferentes tipos y formas de materiales, comúnmente llamados “mecha”, por el cual se conduce el fluido de trabajo. Una de las características fundamentales de este tipo de intercambiador de calor, es que en su interior se realiza el vacío, lo que imposibilita que se formen condensados no deseable que afectan a las propiedades del fluido de trabajo y por tal motivo el flujo de transferencia de calor se ve afectada; adicionalmente pueden ser usados en sistemas donde la ingravidez este presente. La búsqueda de procesos alternativos que mejoren la eficiencia térmica y que consecuentemente produzcan una huella ambiental menor han motivado este estudio investigativo.
La calidad del aire interior en el proceso de acabado (SAND BLAST QUÍMICO) del jeans en la empresa laboratorio del Denim Ecuador LDEEC CIA. LTDA. y su incidencia en el ambiente de trabajo
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2017) Chiluisa Chiluisa, Kléber Anibal; Lascano Moreta, Marlene Alejandra
The present research work was developed at installations of Denim Ecuador Ecuador LDEEC CIA. Ltda., has done an evaluation of the quality of the interior air in the process of finishing ( sand blast chemical ) of the jeans, using measurement equipment according the methodology of the regulations UNE of environmental quality indoors, as well as methods based on internationally recognized prevention technical notes, identifying that must take preventive measures immediately in this area of work , especially by the use of potassium permanganate, that is one, it is necessary to resort to specific preventive measures as is localized extraction, the same that through of a weighting analysis and by the chemical characteristic of potassium permanganate which is water-soluble, the water curtain cab is the priority for solution. Finally, propose the proposal of the implementation of a water curtain cabin, the same as once designed, built and put into operation in the sand blast chemical area, satisfies the expectations for which it was designed.
Determinación de configuraciones estructurales de un frente de autobús interprovincial y su incidencia en la resistencia al impacto frontal mediante el método de elementos finitos
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2016) López Ortiz, Santiago Alejandro; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
The Research is based on the frontal impact simulation of the front section bus with the Finite Element Method for analyzing the resistance of different structural configurations and verify compliance with Regulation ECE R29. To simulate the geometry of the main components of an interprovincial bus involved in a frontal impact was made by allocating the material's mechanical properties and boundary conditions to recreate the closest to real event, then was determined that Structural Elements they are more affected during the crash in order to change their characteristics and create models that can be evaluated under the same test conditions. From the obtained models are validated and analyze numerical simulation results in order to find a structural configuration with which none of the components of the body intrudes driver survival space and comply with regulations UNECE R 29.
Determinación de las causas que provocan las fallas en los soportes de rodamientos de arados para aumentar la vida útil de los rodamientos
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2017) Carrasco Santillán, Julio Antonio; Espín Lagos, Segundo Manuel
In the present assignment a study is accomplished to predict the useful life of the bearings presented in the plow supports known as rowlock too, for which the analyzes of the problems presented in the system under study have been performed. Laboratory and field tests have been developed. One of the main problems in the industry is the attrition of the mechanical elements by abrasion and friction, in our case the bearings proved to be the critical elements from this point of view. So they were made from a material cast with more count of Manganese, to try to increase the wear resistance caused by abrasion of the ground against their faces and avoid the creep of the low carbon steel that causes deformation in the bearing housings. To characterize the new material, hardness, tensile, metallographic and electron microscopy tests were performed according to ASTM standards. First, reverse engineering was done by designing the element to be subjected to finite element analysis and determining the loads acting on it. Subsequent the spectrometric tests of the original elements were carried out and their chemical composition was determined. Next merge the new elements merge and the obtain of the test pieces are carried out with the new chemical composition and the above-mentioned tests are elaborated to characterize the material. Assembling the elements in the different implements are proceeded to submit them to work and determine by the orometer of the tractor such as the new useful life of the element. The result of an average increase of 25% in the same working conditions, with a cost no greater than 5%. By supporting the productive matrix, the agro and the producer, avoiding expenses caused by the replacement of these elements and unnecessary stops of the equipment.
Diseño estructural de una silla de ruedas de bipedestación con sistema de verticalización y la incidencia en su eficiencia energética
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2018) Espín Guerrero, Víctor Rodrigo; San Antonio Serrano, Thalía Daniella
The need to rehabilitate and return to a normal life for a person with disabilities has led technology to develop tools that help improve patient independence. The project is related to the design of a manual wheelchair that allows verticalization of the person thereby improving their participation in activities that cannot develop in a sitting position, as well as improvement in physiological aspects of their body. The design parameters were determined using several logically related methodologies such as the generalized description of a product, conceptual design application criteria involving the needs of the client with the KANO method and the deployment of quality control functions (QFD). The study of anthropometric measurements was a reference for dimensioning the elements of the final product. In addition energy efficiency was achieved thru selection of components with optimum capacities and power consumption. As a complement to the energy efficiency analysis, the energy expenditure of a person with a disability is involved, which results in a standing position metabolic energy consumption of 210 W/m2, compared to the value with which it was determined in the sitting position of 165 W/m2 of metabolic consumption for the development of the different activities. In conclusion the final design proposal of the prototype, whose modeling of the structure and the validation of the results generated was done with software based on the Finite element method for a static and dynamic analysis, verified that the maximum deformation results, maximum equivalent effort and minimum safety factors are kept within the parameters permissible for the model and selected materials. The project ended with the construction and testing of a prototype which, with the processes and labor employed, invest 55.33h, which has a low manufacturing cost compared to the costs of their peers.
Efecto del tiempo en el proceso de homogenizado en la extrubilidad del aluminio 6063 en la empresa Cedal
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2017) Reinoso Peñaherrera, Héctor Raúl; Espín Lagos, Segundo Manuel
The research carried out in the CEDAL company analyzes the changes in the mechanical and microstructural properties of the 6063 alloy and relates them to the defects present in aluminum extrusion in different batches that have been subjected to different homogenization times (4, 5 and 6 hours of support at 565oC). The report compares the values of mechanical strength, elongation, hardness, grain size and microstructural changes between the specimens before being homogenized and those specimens that have been homogenized for 4, 5 and 6 hours. In addition, given the traceability, it is possible to identify the defects present after the extrusion process and to associate them with the homogenization time, so that keeping the aluminum ingots in the homogenization oven for 5 hours at a temperature of 565oC represents the most appropriate option so that the alloy presents the best characteristics in the final product and as raw material to the extrusion process. A proposal is presented as the procedure that will guarantee the verification, control and validation of the raw material, as well as to guarantee its traceability and to associate it with the defects that occur in the extrusion process.
Estudio biomecánico en el puesto de lavado de botellas de la industria ILA.S.A y su incidencia en las condiciones laborales de los trabajadores
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2017) Barreno Flores, Charles Fabián; Córdova Suárez, Manolo Alexander
The present research topic has been developed under the following parameters: Chapter I: Emphasis is given to the study of the biomechanical ergonomic risk factor in the glass bottle washing station as a general objective. Chapter II describes the approaches chosen for research being the qualitative - quantitative and hypothesized: the biomechanical ergonomic risk factor in the bottle washing station of the industry ILA.S.A affects the working conditions of workers. Chapter III: It establishes the operationalization of variables of index OCRA, REBA and the working conditions of the workers. Chapter IV: presents an analysis and interpretation of results of the OCRA index obtaining a maximum of 39 and by the method REBA check unacceptable working conditions. Chapter V: conclusions and recommendations based on general and specific objectives. Chapter VI: the proposal proposes the "implementation of a program of prevention of the ergonomic biomechanical risk factor to improve the working conditions of the bottle washing station of the industry ILA.SA" which will reduce the high indexes that present the workers on the postures and movements inadequate according to criteria of industrial safety and mechanical knowledge.
Estudio comparativo de los métodos de elementos finitos y fotoelástico en la determinación de esfuerzos para mejorar el diseño mecánico de piezas
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2013) López Villacís, Gonzalo Eduardo; Valle Velasco, Pablo Raúl
En este trabajo de tesis se emplean el método de elementos finitos y la técnica de la fotoelasticidad para el análisis de esfuerzos que se producen sobre ciertos modelos a los cuales se les aplican diferentes tipos de carga, como por ejemplo tensión, compresión y flexión. Para poder realizar los ensayos de estas probetas primero se diseñó y construyó un polariscopio de transmisión, con el cual se obtuvieron los resultados del análisis fotoelástico. Debido a que la confiabilidad de la técnica de la fotoelasticidad depende de la calibración del material que se esté usando, es decir de la constante fotoelástica, el análisis estadístico se enfocó a esta variable. Luego en base a la constante fotoelástica se determinaron los esfuerzos en un modelo, los cuales fueron comparados con los resultados del análisis por elementos finitos, determinándose el error entre los dos valores y demostrándose de esta manera la hipótesis. Finalmente se analizó un caso práctico utilizando los dos métodos.
Estudio de la aleación inteligente con memoria de forma Cu-Zn para determinar su aplicación industrial
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2017) Criollo Camacho, Marcia Ximena; Espín Lagos, Segundo Manuel
In the present research work, the study of the intelligent alloy with Cu-Zn shape-memory was developed to determine its industrial application, five tests of casting with different quantities of alloying elements were conducted, mainly varying the quantities of Zn, until achieving a percentage of 59.32% Cu and 40.08% Zn, obtaining with this composition that the alloy behaves as an intelligent material with shape-memory, which returns to its predetermined form in the presence of an external stimulus, in this case the reaction to the presence of heat, it has characteristics such as superelasticity and thermal memory, the mechanical properties were determined based on ASTM standards, such as metallographic, traction, impact and hardness tests of the material obtained. In function of the properties achieved, an industrial application is given, proposing to use as a switch or actuator, which closes or opens a circuit when applying heat.
Estudio de la aleación inteligente con memoria de forma CuZnAl para determinar su aplicación industrial
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2012) Espín Lagos, Segundo Manuel; Correa Jácome, Juan Francisco
En el presente trabajo de investigación, se realizó cinco pruebas de fundición, hasta obtener una aleación con características de un material inteligente con memoria de forma CuZnAl, posteriormente se procedió a realizar ensayos químicos, mecánicos, y físicos para determinar sus propiedades y en función de estas se determinó su aplicación industrial, finalmente se plantea una propuesta de procedimiento para la obtención de la aleación inteligente con memoria de forma 75%Cu - 18.71%Zn - 6.13%Al, calificada como superelástica, sugiriendo varias aplicaciones. Para el desarrollo de la presente investigación se contó con la colaboración de la Facultad de Mecánica de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, con sus laboratorios y asesoramiento de sus Docentes del Área de Materiales y Resistencia de Materiales.
Estudio de la variación del amperaje al realizar soldaduras a tope mediante proceso GMAW aplicado a la aleación de aluminio 5086-H116 y su efecto en las propiedades mecánicas de la zona afectada por el calor
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2014) Hidalgo Ortíz, Fredy Estuardo; Cabrera, Raúl
El presente trabajo de investigación determina la influencia que tiene el amperaje en las propiedades mecánicas, del cordón de soldadura y de la zona afectada por el calor ZAC, al realizar soldaduras a tope en aleaciones de aluminio 5086 H-116, ejecutadas mediante proceso GMAW y utilizando como material de aporte alambre ER5356. En lo referente a la experimentación, se efectuaron 16 ensayos, en los cuales se varió el amperaje en el rango comprendido entre 131 amperios y 175 amperios, posteriormente se realizaron ensayos de tracción, de dureza y además un análisis metalográfico, de cada una de las probetas ensayadas. Dentro de las conclusiones obtenidas, se pudo determinar que la mejor combinación de propiedades mecánicas, se obtenía al realizar las soldaduras con 148 amperios, condición en la cual uno de los componentes microestructurales de la aleación como es el Mg2Si, se encuentra en forma de partículas pequeñas y la distribución dentro de la matriz es uniforme, lo que permite alcanzar las mejores propiedades mecánicas, en cuanto al otro componente como es el Mg2Al3 este se encuentra distribuido en partículas finas y no forman redes continuas lo que ayuda a que además, la aleación sea resistente a la corrosión.
Estudio de las propiedades mecánicas de los fluidos magnetoreológicos MRF-140CG para determinar su resistencia al flujo bajo la aplicación de campos magnéticos de intensidad variable
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2017) Arteaga López, Oscar Bladimir; Espín Lagos, Segundo Manuel
The research assesses the extent to which the properties of MRF-140CG magnetorheological fluids are altered as the intensity of the magnetic field increases, in order to predict their behavior in devices that use these materials, thus contributing to the design of intelligent mechanical devices, each more sophisticated, reliable and efficient, according to each need. To measure the properties of the MRF-140CG fluid, a Anton Paar Physica MCR-501 rotational rheometer equipped with a MRD- 70 / 1Text magneto-rheological cell was used. From the results of the investigation, it was determined that Bingham's plastic model predicts the dynamic behavior of the MRF-140CG fluid with greater precision compared with others, with an average error rate close to 4%, demonstrating that in the absence of magnetic field the viscosity of the fluid decreases as the temperature increases, whilst under the action of a magnetic field, the resistance to the flow of the fluid increases with the intensity of the field, reaching a maximum value of 42.014 kPa at 800 mT.
Estudio de las vibraciones mecánicas en el personal de operación de maquinaria pesada del EPM-GIDSA y su incidencia en las condiciones laborales
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2016) Paredes Robalino, María Belén; Córdova Suarez, Manolo Alexander
The present research work aims the study of mechanical vibrations caused by heavy machinery on the staff who operates it at the EPM - GIDSA and its incidence on their working conditions. Thanks to the hypothetic - deductive method, it was proved that the operators of heavy machinery are exposed to high dose of mechanical vibrations affecting directly the orthogonal axis hand – arm, which is of 1,10 to their right and left hands, and a dose of 1.18 to their whole body. The study indicates that the exposition to high levels of vibration affects their working conditions. With the found results, it is necessary to develop a plan of maintenance of heavy machinery to prevent more damages on the operating staff, eliminating mechanical vibrations through the correct use of protective equipment.
Estudio de polímeros híbridos estratificados de matriz poliester reforzada con fibra de vidrio y cabuya como material alternativo y su incidencia en las propiedades mecánicas en guardachoques para buses
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2012) Paredes Salinas, Juan Gilberto; Córdova Suárez, Manolo Alexander
La investigación se basa en la caracterización mecánica del material compuesto con el que actualmente se fabrican los guardachoques de buses y determinar sus propiedades mecánicas a Tracción, Flexión e Impacto para determinar los parámetros de evaluación de la caracterización del material híbrido propuesto, estratificado a compresión y en función de las configuraciones y fracciones volumétricas ensayadas. De la caracterización y análisis de los ensayos se determinó que los Materiales de configuración Fibra Corta (FCo 1 - 30%) y Fibra Larga (FL 30%) tuvieron mejor comportamiento mecánico a Flexión e Impacto; sin embargo el material hibrido de configuración Fibra Larga al 30% y en un orden de capas (FV+FC+FV) se determinó como potencial refuerzo del material hibrido alternativo por presentar mejores propiedades a Tracción, realizando al final un procedimiento para la aplicación de este en la fabricación de guardachoques para buses.