Fisioterapia
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Item EFECTOS DE LAS TÉCNICAS FISIOTERAPÉUTICAS COMO TRATAMIENTO EN PACIENTES CON AFECTACIÓN DEL BRUXISMO(2025-07-21) Morales Llivisaca, Michelle Stepanie; Bonilla Ayala, Josselyn Gabriela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de FisioterapiaBruxism is a parafunctional activity in a state of “bracing” and “pushing”, presented during wakefulness or sleep, affecting the masticatory musculature and quality of life. Its multifactorial etiology and the lack of awareness of the condition hinder its diagnosis and timely treatment, increasing the risk of negative effects on oral health. The aim of this review was to identify the effects of physiotherapeutic techniques applied in patients diagnosed with bruxism. A literature search was carried out in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar, using terms such as “bruxism”; “sleep bruxism”; “tooth grinding”; ‘physiotherapy’ and “physical therapy”. Clinical trials, randomized and original clinical trials, published between 2020 and 2025, were included. The evidence shows that techniques such as manual therapy, myofunctional exercises, patient education, physical technologies, respiratory and multimodal approaches can reduce at least one of the clinical variables evaluated in patients with bruxism. However, gaps in evidence were identified regarding sustainability of effects and applicability in pediatric populations. Physiotherapeutic techniques demonstrated significant improvements in key variables such as orofacial pain, sleep quality, jaw mobility, stress perception and quality of life.Item EFECTIVIDAD DE LAS INTERVENCIONES FISIOTERAPÉUTICAS EN EL MANEJO DE LA NEUROPATÍA PERIFÉRICA INDUCIDA POR QUIMIOTERAPIA EN PACIENTES ONCOLÓGICOS(2025-07-21) Casa Catota, Tania Lizbeth; Cantuña Vallejo, Paúl Fernando; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de FisioterapiaA systematic review was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of non-pharmacological physiotherapy interventions in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in cancer patients, evaluating their impact on neuropathic pain, physical function, and quality of life. The search was conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, with inclusion criteria that included randomized, controlled clinical trials and pilot studies published between 2020 and 2025. Thirteen studies were included, with a total of 783 participants, mostly diagnosed with breast, gynecological, or colorectal cancer. The interventions applied were therapeutic exercise, sensorimotor training, yoga, oncological massage, acupuncture, cryotherapy, TENS, and photobiomodulation. The duration of the interventions varied between 4 and 12 weeks. The results indicated that multicomponent exercise and yoga offered broad improvements in pain, strength, balance, and quality of life. Oncology massage was effective for pain control when applied more frequently, while acupuncture showed sensory preservation. Complementary strategies such as TENS and photobiomodulation were useful as palliative or preventive measures. None of the studies reported serious adverse effects, supporting the safety of these interventions. Collectively, the findings support the integration of personalized physical therapy as part of the clinical management.Item RESULTADOS DE LA ESCALA FAB COMO INDICADOR DE ACTIVIDAD MOTORA INSTRUMENTAL DETERIORADO(2025-07-21) Martínez Yancha, Johan Alexis; Latta Sánchez, María Augusta; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de FisioterapiaThe aim of this study was to analyze the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) as a potential indicator of deterioration in instrumental motor activity in older adults without a neurological diagnosis. An observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study was conducted with a sample of 67 older adults residing in Ambato, Ecuador. The FAB and the Lawton and Brody scales were applied to assess executive function and functional independence, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s correlation, both for the overall sample and stratified by gender. Results showed a moderate and significant correlation between both scales in the overall analysis (ρ = 0.389; p = 0.0011) and a significant correlation in women (ρ = 0.425; p = 0.0008), whereas no significant associations were found among men. These findings suggest that better executive function is associated with improved performance in instrumental activities of daily living, particularly in women. It was concluded that the FAB may be a useful tool in functional assessment within the physiotherapeutic approach, supporting early detection of functional decline and the design of interventions to promote autonomy in older adults.Item FISIOTERAPIA EN EL DOLOR LUMBAR EN MUJERES EMBARAZADAS(2025-07-21) Hinojosa Chasiquiza, Alison Fernanda; Moscoso Córdova, Grace Verónica; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de FisioterapiaLow back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal manifestations during pregnancy, significantly impacting the functionality and quality of life of pregnant women. In response to the need for safe and effective therapeutic approaches, this systematic review aimed to analyze the effectiveness of various physiotherapeutic interventions applied during different stages of pregnancy. A structured search of scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025 was conducted, identifying thirteen studies that met the inclusion criteria, totaling 705 participants. The interventions were classified into four main categories: structured therapeutic exercise, manual techniques, instrumental techniques, and complementary therapies. Clinical improvements were reported in all cases, with structured exercise emerging as the most consistent approach in reducing pain and improving function. This strategy stood out for its adaptability to gestational trimesters and for promoting the active participation of the pregnant woman, which enhances therapeutic adherence. Manual and instrumental techniques showed specific and relevant benefits, although their application largely depended on the clinical setting. Complementary therapies were positioned as accessible and lowcost alternatives with short-term functional benefits. Based on these findings, the value of physiotherapy as a key component in comprehensive prenatal care is reaffirmed, emphasizing the need to establish standardized protocols that enable its systematic implementation across various clinical contexts.Item FISIOTERAPIA EN ATAXIA CEREBELOSA POR ENCEFALITIS VIRAL EN NIÑOS: REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA(2025-03-05) Segovia Díaz, Nuria Belén; Moscoso Córdova, Grace Verónica; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de FisioterapiaIntroduction: cerebellar ataxia is a motor disorder characterized by a lack of coordination and balance, caused by damage to the cerebellum. In children, this can be a consequence of viral encephalitis, affecting motor skills. Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in stimulating motor recovery through exercises that improve postural control and mobility. This study focused on obtaining information that allows analyze the main phisiotherapeutic treatments applied to cerebellar ataxia caused by viral encephalitis in children. Methods: a bibliographic review of the literature was carried out by searching for scientific studies in the databases, PubMed and Google Schore, publications made between 2019-2024. MeSH terms were used, and the search strategy was designed following the PRISMA method guidelines. Results: 11 studies; 6 randomized clinical trials, 1 trial included children with cerebellar ataxic PC, 2 in children with cerebellar ataxia, 2 in children with ataxia in general and 1 in children with FRDA. While, systematic reviews, 1 review addressed children with ataxia in general, 2 with cerebellar ataxia, one with ADH and 1 one with AT. Improvements were found in motor coordination, gait, balance, postural control, muscle strengthening, reducing the risk of falls, control of body segments, among others. Conclusions: among the applied therapies, the combination of physiotherapy with virtual reality and advance technology can offer better results than isolated exercises in children with cerebellar ataxia.Item FISIOTERAPIA EN PACIENTES POSTOPERATORIOS CON CÁNCER DE PRÓSTATA: REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA(2025-02-27) Sánchez Pilapanta, John Stalin; Peñafiel Luna, Andrea CarolinaIntroduction: Prostate cancer is one of the most common pathologies in men over 50 years old, and its treatment through radical prostatectomy significantly affects quality of life, especially in the urinary domain. Postoperative physiotherapy is key to improving these aspects, promoting urinary continence and overall well-being. Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of different physiotherapy modalities in the recovery of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy, focusing on urinary continence and erectile dysfunction. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA methodology, searching databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central, covering studies published between 2019 and 2024. Sixteen studies were included, examining interventions such as pelvic floor exercises, physical agents, biofeedback, acupuncture, and combined approaches. Results: A total of 572 patients participated, of whom 345 were in the intervention group. Pelvic floor exercises combined with physical agents showed the best results in improving urinary continence and sexual quality of life. Acupuncture also stood out as an effective therapy for reducing urinary incontinence. Conclusions: Physiotherapy, with a multimodal and personalized approach, is essential to improve urinary continence and quality of life after radical prostatectomy. Additional studies are needed to standardize interventions and assess their long-term effectiveness.Item EFECTOS DE LA REHABILITACIÓN CONVENCIONAL VERSUS REHABILITACIÓN CON REALIDAD VIRTUAL SOBRE EL EQUILIBRIO EN DEPORTISTAS CON INESTABILIDAD DE TOBILLO(2025-02-26) Alvarez Barriga, Rodolfo Ubaldo; Cantuña Vallejo, Paul Fernando; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de FisioterapiaObjective: Analyze the effects between conventional and virtual reality rehabilitation on the improvement of balance, postural control, proprioception, muscle strength and range of motion, gathering information to determine the training protocol with the best recovery results, both in athletes and people in general with functional FAI and chronic CAI ankle instability. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed based on a search of clinical trials and RCTs published in the Cochrane Library, PubMed and Google Scholar databases from January 2019 to October 2024, using MeSH terms and following the PRISMA method guidelines. Results: From a total of 17 RCTs, 2 trials addressed athletes with FAI, 7 studies addressed athletes with CAI, 5 trials addressed participants with FAI, and 3 studies addressed individuals with CAI. A total of 710 participants comprised the study: 324 people were in the group RV, 305 participants belonged to the group CG and 81 people were included in the control group without intervention. Eight combined training protocols were found to improve this condition. Conclusion: Both types of intervention, conventional and virtual reality rehabilitation were effective, since in a period of 4 to 12 weeks through their combined exercise protocols they managed to improve the previously mentioned parameters in the ankle of the participants.Item AUTOPERCEPCIÓN DE LA CAPACIDAD PROFESIONAL EN RECIÉN GRADUADOS Y ESTUDIANTES DE ÚLTIMOS SEMESTRES DE FISIOTERAPIA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-27) Valencia Espinoza, Josué Daniel; Guevara Llerena, María ElenaPhysiotherapy is a health care profession, focused on restoring and improving of movement and function, professionals formed during the last years were forced to part of their learning in a virtual manner. Which could have had a negative impact on their developm ent, for this reason, the aim of this study is to know how the students and new graduates perceive their own professional capacity. To accomplish this, a survey based on the competences of the profession was developed, the results were analyz e d statistically and qualitatively. It was applied on 83 participants, graduates and seventh and eight semester students from the Technical University of Ambato. A positive evaluation of their capacities was found. Although they also expressed a need for a greater practical component to the profession.Item REHABILITACION RESPIRATORIA EN PACIENTES CON FIBROSIS QUISTICA: REVISION SISTEMATICA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-27) Nuñez Ibarra, Jonathan Alexander; Ortiz Villalba, Paola GabrielaCystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease that affects predominantly Caucasians according to ethnic and geographical groups. This disease is caused by the CFTR gene, which is responsible for ion transport; when dysfunctional, it generates mucous secretions at the pulmonary level. In the context of physiotherapy, it helps improve pulmonary secretions and lung capacity. The objective of this review article is to evaluate the efficacy of respiratory rehabilitation in patients diagnosed with CF, analyzing existing literature to identify the most effective interventions in improving lung function. A search for information from the last 5 years was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scielo, Elsevier, and Springer with MeSH terms. Studies in English or Spanish were identified, and those that were controlled or randomized trials were considered. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and 13 articles addressing techniques and exercises in CF patients were selected. The PRISMA model was employed. Thirteen articles were included in this review, including exercises, techniques, electrotherapy, resistance training, aerobic training and nebulizer therapies. In which a positive trend was observed in most of the articles, showing benefits in the CF patient. The application of different techniques proved to be a very important component at the time of performing and treating the patient with CF. Both aerobic and resistance exercise combined with different instruments helped to improve lung capacity and the elimination of secretions.Item ALTERACIONES MUSCULO ESQUELÉTICAS RELACIONADAS A LA PRÁCTICA PREPROFESIONAL DE ESTUDIANTES EN FISIOTERAPIA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-27) Viera Vivas, Isaac Josue; Campos Moposita, Angela PriscilaThe present research project deals with musculoskeletal alterations acquired by preprofessional practices in physical therapy students. Musculoskeletal disorders are conditions that occur in the tissues of different parts of the body due to physical and biomechanical factors caused by work demands. Physical therapy students are exposed to prolonged postures, repetitive movements and constant weight lifting at the time of their internships, negatively influencing their academic experience and thus causing signs and symptoms of an injury condition. A total population of 63 students studying between the sixth and seventh semest er academic cycles was obtained. The research uses a descriptive and transvers a l methodology since the students were evaluated only once in the academic cycle, besides having a quantitative approach since a standardized and structure d questionnaire such as the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire was used, in addition to the Numerical Pain Scale, which evaluated the perception of musculoskel et a l symptoms and pain intensity. The result was a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in students, and the most common regions were the lower back, neck and upper back. However, it is not clear that it is related to the pre-professional practice, since, in the relations hi p between the semester and pain, both in the last 12 months and last 7 days, and the numerical scale did not show differences between them. In addition, in this project it is not determined which are the risk factors that students are exposed to considering that there are psychosocial, labor and academic factors that influenc e d the answers. In conclusion, it can be said that the students do suffer from musculoskel et a l alterations due to the high percentages that were demonstrated, but it cannot be affirmed that they are a consequence of the pre-professional practices, but rather, that other influential factors should be taken into account.