Fisioterapia
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Item LUDOTERAPIA PARA MEJORAR MARCHA Y EQUILIBRIO EN LOS ADULTOS MAYORES DE LA PARROQUIA PASA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-09-02) Pérez Paredes, Génesis Del Cisne; Latta Sánchez, María AugustaThe deterioration of the functional capacity, the alteration in gait and balance are the main factors that can generate risk of falls in the elderly, as well as alter their independence to perform activities of daily living, the play therapy has a traditional and fun approach to motivate the elderly to perform physical activity and through this to train gait and balanc e . Twenty-five older adults with an age range from 65 years old belonging to the Parroqui a Pasa participated in this research project, with a duration of 6 weeks with a frequency of 2 times per week, the participants executed the designed protocol of play therapy. Older adults were assessed pre and post intervention using the Timed Up and Go and Timed Unipodal Station tests. The approach of this research is quantitative in terms of data collection, non-experim ental and longitudinal. SPSS software used for statisti c a l analysis. The repetitions, completion time and difficulty of each game were gradual l y increased. The results obtained indicate that after the application of a play therapy program, gait and balance improved, reducing the risk of falls in the participants. In conclusion, inactiv i t y in the elderly deteriorates their motor functions, including balance and gait, so that the application of play therapy can be part of the routine in the elderly to reduce the risk of falls and future injuries.Item LUDOTERAPIA PARA MEJORAR LA FUERZA MUSCULAR DEL MIEMBRO SUPERIOR EN ADULTOS MAYORES(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-28) Machado Reinoso, Valeria Anabel; Cedeño Zamora, María NarcizaThe present research work consists of the description and analysis of the applica ti o n of play therapy in the muscular strength of the upper limb in older adults, develop e d in the gerontological center of the canton Tisaleo with a population of 25 particip a n ts of both sexes. The following research project was to analyze if the ludic activities are efficient in the improvem ent of the muscular strength of the upper limb in older adults, which was developed twice a week for 7 weeks with a duration of 50 minutes per session in th e gerontological center of the Tisaleo Canton. The research was developed with a non-experimental study of longuitudinal type because the initial and final values of the treatment plan were collected, which includ es a population of both sexes with age > 65 years, in the evaluation the dynamometer was used to evaluate the muscular strength of the upper limb, the Barthel index to identif y the independence and thus facilitate the development of the recreational activities, with a quantitative approach recording the values in Excel and obtaining the results by means of the SPPS program. The results of muscle strength in the upper limb were significant in older adults of both sexes, having a higher population in the age of 80-85 years in the male sex with an initial value in the right hand of 20.4kg to 22.5 kg, in the left hand with 19.0 kg to 20.4kg and in women in the ages of 75-79 years with a value of 18.7kg to 20.6 kg in the right hand and in the left hand with 16.3kg to 18.9kgItem ENTRENAMIENTO DE LA MUSCULATURA OCULOMOTORA EN EL EQUILIBRIO EN ADULTOS MAYORES(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-28) Sisa Morales, Rita Paola; Cantuña Vallejo, Paul FernandoThe research project was developed with the objective of analyzing the effect of the training of the oculomotor musculature for the improvem ent of the balance in older adults of the Tisaleo Canton, for which an evaluation of a group of 25 older adults of which 13 were men and 12 were women, the Berg scale and the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) were used to evaluate the state in which the balance and gait of the particip a n ts were found. The intervention lasted 7 weeks, two days a week for 45 minutes during which the participants performed 10, 20, 30 and 50 series of eye movements. After the intervention, it was re-evaluated to compare the results and observe if there is an improvem ent in the older adults. The research was developed under a non-experimental quantitative approach, cross - sectional since the data was collected observationally with intervention because a comparison of the results of the evaluations was made and to verify if there was an improvem ent, therefore the research design is longitudinal because the evaluati o ns were performed at different times, it is prospective taking into account that the evaluations and the intervention was applied directly to the participants. The results of the research show that there was a greater significance of 4 times greater probabi li t y of improvement in balance, demonstrating that oculomotor training is effective in improving balance.Item FUNCIONES CORTICALES SUPERIORES Y SU RELACION CON LAS ACTIVIDADES INSTRUMENTALES DE LA VIDA DIARIA EN EL ADULTO MAYOR(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-27) Ramirez Suque, Karla Estefanía; Latta Sánchez, María AugustaThe general objective was to analyze the relationship between higher cortical functio ns and IADL in older adults. This research had a non-experim ental approach with a correlational design, cross-sectional and quantitative approach. This study involve d the participation of 40 older adults between 66 and 95 years of age who were in the Sagrado Corazón de Jesús nursing home located in the province of Tungurahua in the canton of Ambato. Standardized questionnaires were used to measure variables such as: the FAB-E which helps us to assess the performance of higher cortical functio ns and the Lawton and Brody scale to identify the level of dependence in IADLs. The results of this research showed that the higher cortical functions and IADLs had a moderate relationship with a Pearson coefficient of 0.529 because when they are institutionalized, they lose their functionality because they no longer perform these activities, which indicates that at some point there could be a relationship between the two variables, but not always. However, when relating the variables of the questionnaires in which the older adults did not need assistance, a high signific a n c e was obtained. In conclusion, when the older adults were in residences, they presente d problems in performing IADLs, given that they have people who perform these tasks for them, and they cannot perform them autonomously. However, when verbal fluency and the ability to use the telephone scale were related, high significance was obtaine d with a p<0.05.Item ALTERACIONES SENSORIALES EN EL ADULTO MAYOR Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA CALIDAD DE VIDA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-27) Udeo Torres, Jessica Paola; Cedeño Zamora, María NarcizaAging is linked to sensory changes in older adults, which affects their quality of life and can lead to disabilities. Currently, around 50 million people suffer from sensory impairments, a figure that is expected to increase to 82 million by 2030. These impairments include problems in the five senses (vision, hearing, taste, smell and touch), which are essential for perception and interaction with the environment. To improve the quality of life of older adults and their caregivers, it is crucial to implem e n t comprehensive health policies that address these sensory problems. This also involve s empowering people to reduce risk factors such as diabetes and cardiovascu l a r disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) offers programs to assess and reduce sensory and cognitive impairment in the elderly. Alcohol and tobacco use can aggravate sensory and memory problems, negatively affecting quality of life. Family caregivers play a critical role in the well-being of older adults with sensory impairment. It is vital to understand how these impairments impact their daily lives and to assess their sensory, mental and motor abilities to prevent falls and improve their quality of life.A recent study revealed that sensory impairments, especially in vision and hearing, have a major impact on the quality of life of older adults. Decreas e d vision can predict cognitive changes, and sensory impairments are associated with an increased risk of dementia. These impairments also affect independence, well-being and social interactions. Dysfunction of the sense of smell is related to cognitive and sensory impairment, affecting memory and verbal fluency, and may be an early indicator of dementia, also influencing nutrition and daily activities. Factors such as low schooli ng , declining physical performance and lack of social support increase cognitive and sensory vulnerability, making the support of health professionals, family and friends crucial to manage these dysfunctions.Item FUERZA DE AGARRE Y SU RELACION CON EL RIESGO DE CAIDA EN EL ADULTO MAYOR. REVISION SISTEMATICA DE LA LITERATURA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-27) Toasa Moya, Juan Marco; Latta Sánchez, María AugustaThe natural aging process entails a series of physical changes, including the progressive loss of strength in older adults,including grip strength. This decline in grip strength not only affects the performance of daily tasks but can also have significant consequences on the quality of life of these individuals. Research supported by a corpus of 13 scientific articles, rigorously selected through PRISMA, PEDro, and Newcastle-Ottawa analyses, reveals that the decrease in grip strength is closely related toan increased risk of falls, which in turn can lead to a range of complications from minor injuries to serious consequences. Addressing this aspect of physical deterioration in older adults is crucial to mitiga t e its impact and promote active and healthy aging.Item Estimulación auditiva rítmica para mejorar el equilibrio y marcha en el adulto mayor de la parroquia Atahualpa(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2023-03-01) Zambrano Villarroel, María José; Moscoso Córdova Lcda. MSc., Grace VerónicaThe research project was developed with the objective of determining whether rhythmic auditory stimulation helps to improve the balance and gait of older adults in the parish of Atahualpa, for which a group of 20 older adults, 18 women and 2 men, were evaluated using the Berg scale and the Time Up and Go (TUG) test to assess the state of balance and gait of the participants. The intervention lasted 8 weeks, two days a week for 30 minutes where participants performed a series of exercises to the rhythm of a metronome ranging from 90 bpm to 120 bpm, the rhythm was increasing as thexiii weeks went by, at the end of the intervention was re-evaluated to compare the results and see if there was an improvement in adults. The research was developed under a quantitative approach since data was collected from the Berg scale and the TUG test from which numerical values were obtained and the results were analyzed with the T test for related samples, it is an observational study with intervention because a comparison of the results of the evaluations was made and to verify if there was an improvement, finally the research design is longitudinal because the assessments were conducted at different times, it is prospective considering that the assessments and the intervention was applied directly to the participants. The results of the research show that there was a greater significance in the results of balance with a value of p= 0.00, demonstrating that rhythmic auditory stimulation is effective in improving balance.Item Relación de la estimulación autiva rítmica con la dependencia funcional en adultos mayores(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2023-03-01) Vilatuña Llulluna, Cristhian David; Cantuña Vallejo, Paúl Fernando Dr. Esp.The general objective was to estimate the relationship between rhythmic auditory stimulation and functional dependence in older adults. This is a correlational research since the different tests will be carried out in order to find a relationship between rhythmic auditory stimulation and functional dependence having a quantitative approach and an experimental design, pilot type. A group of older adults was analyzed, where evaluations were applied to measure their functional dependence with the Barthel Index, the Lawton and Brody scale and also the evaluation with Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation. The population constituted a sample of 60 adults over 65 years of age with a mean age of 75 years. The results showed that the functional dependence evaluated with the Barthel Index and the Lawton and Brody scale is related to the rhythmic auditory stimulation with a significance of P=0.000. In conclusion, functional dependence assessed with the Barthel Index had a statistically significant higher relationship with rhythmic auditory stimulation according to the Spearman correlation coefficient of .835, indicating that estimating the frequency to work with rhythmic auditory stimulation should use its relationship with the Barthel Index assessment.Item Estrategia de estimulación oculomotora con luces led para mejorar el equilibrio del adulto mayor en la parroquia Atahualpa(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2023-03-01) Quimbita Cadena, Sharon Nicole; Robalino Morales, Gabriela Estefanía Lic. Mg.The older adult, as he ages, his balance deteriorates, thus having a greater risk of falls, in addition, the older adult trusts more in external signals when walking. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of oculom otor stimulation with led lights to improve balance in the elderly. The investigation was carried out with a qualitative-quantitative approach, of a descriptive type and with a longitudinal design. At the beginning of the investigation, an initial evaluation of both balance and gait was carried out in the Atahualpa and Santa Fe Parish through the scale of Berg and the Timed Up and Go Test, which resulted in 92 participants having deficits in balance or gait or both, but only 20 participants were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The intervention lasted eight weeks in which we formed a path of three-meter white led lights, and we worked with the older adults on different exercises in different stages without light, medium intensity and high intensity, then the final evaluation wasxiv carried out, in where it resulted that the oculomotor strategy with led lights improved the balance and gait of the participants since the significance was less than 0.005.Item Método perfetti como estrategia de estimulación sensorio-visual para mejorar el equilibrio en los adultos mayores de la parroquia de Quisapincha(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2023-03-01) Chasag Guananga, Tatiana Alexandra; Cedeño Zamora, María Narciza Lic. MScThe objective of this project is to determine the effect of the application of the visual sensory stimulation strategy based on the Perfetti method on balance in older adults of the Quisapincha parish. This research has a qualitative-quantitative research approach of longitudinal descriptive type with the participation of 20 older adults, 3 of them were male and 17 were female. In this study, balance and gait evaluations were performed before and after the Perfetti Method intervention. This evaluation allowed us to know the level of risk of falling and the level of independence capacity to which the older adults belonged. The evaluation scales applied were the TUG test and the Berg balance scale and the intervention was based on the Perfetti Method with visual sensory stimulation, in which 8 weeks of intervention were worked. According to the Perfetti Method intervention in older adults, it was possible to see a change according to the established tests, a large percentage that belonged to the group of medium risk of falls went on to belong to a group of low risk of falls, implying a better quality of life. In conclusion, the Perfetti method allows us to recover through the central nervous system by means of sensory stimulation. Movement, attention and visualization are part of the process of recognition of the environment to the body, which is the means for the reception of information through the body surface and it is possible to obtain a response for the functional recovery of the participant